英语语法同义词辨析详解caremind.docx
英语语法同义词辨析详解care, mindcare , mind一、care作不及物动词时,一般只用在否定句和疑问句中,后面跟 about表示在乎、关心;后面跟for表示喜欢、照顾。可以跟 动词不定式作宾语表示愿意做。例如:He doesn't care about clothes.衣服好歹他不在乎。He doesn't care for history novels.他不喜欢历史小说。Would you care to go shopping with us ?你愿意和我们一起去购 物么?二、mind 一般作及物动词。在肯定句中是"当心、注意,在否定句 和疑问句中是"反对、介意、不喜欢”,可跟名词、代词、动名词、从 句作宾语,不能接不定式。例如:Mind the dog.当心狗。Don't mind him ; it is just his way.不要介意他,他就是这种人。Do you mind the windows (being) open ?你介意窗户开着吗?此外,在回答would you mind?这个问句时,表示愿意,可以说 Certainly not或者说Of course not;表示不同意则说Yes或者I'm sorry .例如:A: Would you mind lending me some money ?你借点钱给我可以吗?B : Certainly noto 可以。cause , excuse , explanation, reason一、cause名词。意思是原因、起因、根源、理由。是指导致某事 发生的原因。此外cause还可以作动词,表示"引起、使得、造成。 例如:We don't know the cause of the accident.我们尚不清楚事故的原因。The cause of the fire was a cigarette-end.烟蒂是起火的原因。What causes things to fall to the ground ?(动词)是什么使得物体落 到地面? 二、excuse名词。意思是理由、借口"。excuse表达的可以是真实 的、也可以是杜撰的。是对自己行为的解释、辩护、辩解。此外excuse还可以作动词,表示原谅、为开脱。例如:What is your excuse for being late this time ?你这次迟到作何解释 呢?I think that would be a rather nice excuse.我认为那是一个相当好的 借口。Excuse my opening your letter by mistake.(动词)原谅我误开了你 的信。三、explanation名词。意思是解释、说明。表示对某事物的解释 而非说明理由,可能只是重复某人的话。例如:Martin shook his head , but gave no explanation.马丁摇摇头,但 没有给出任何解释。His explanation for resigning was that he was under stress.他对 自己辞职的解释是有压力。(意味着:那是他说的,真实情况不一定如 此)She could not make a clear explanation.她不可能编造出一个头头 是道的理由。四、reason名词。"理由、原因、缘故、说理、推理、道理。是指 做某事或某事发生的原因、理由。比较常用。例如:The reason for my lateness is that I missed my bus.误车是我迟到 的原因。We have no reason to disbelieve him.我们没有道理不相信他。She didn't give a reason for her decision.她对自己的决定未给出任 何理由。care to do, Would you like?, Do you want?一、care to do care表示"愿意"。这个句型很正式,现在很少用。 主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。例如:Would you care to come and have something with me、你愿意过 来和我一起吃点东西吗?He didn't care to meet these people.他不愿意见这些人。If you care to hear it, I will tell it to you,如果你愿意听,我就告诉你。二、Would you like?表示"愿意做什么吗,是常见的礼貌提议和邀 请式疑问,尤其用于英国英语中。例如:Would you like to hear other's view?你愿意听听别人的意见吗?Would you like a cup of coffee ?来一杯咖啡,怎么样? 三、Do you want ?表示"想干什么吗,较非正式而且更直接,更 常见于美国英语中。例如:We are going to a club tonight Do you want to come with us ?今晚我们要去俱乐部。你想和我们一起去吗?Do you want to play football this afternoon ?今天下午去踢足球 么?