高考英语短文改错 答题技巧.docx

高考英语短文改错答题技巧1.谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有：一般现在时与一般过去时错用，如：They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies. （ did 改为 do ）and前后动词时态不一致，如：As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.（visiting 改为 visited ）主谓不一致，如：One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.（was 改为 were ）缺少动词，特别是be动词，如：There will an important game next month. （ will 后力口 be ）第三人称单数形式错用5 .定冠词和不定冠词是否正确;6 .代词的格和性的使用是否有误;7 .定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误;8 .并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。短 文改错解题四原则：改动以最少为原则;虚词以添加或删除为原则;实词 以改变词形为原则以保持句子原意为原则。短文改错解题步骤：通读全 文，掌握大意;整句分析，逐行推敲反复通读，复查验证。解题注意要点和能力培养1 .核对错项时，若的确有一时难以改出的地方，可以参考所改动项是 否基本符合"1：1： 8"的比例。即多一词1个，缺词1个，错词8个。2 .核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一 般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。3 .核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看看有无遗漏符号，忽略 字母大小写和拼写等问题。英语短文改错题考查的要点时态是否一致几乎每年高考短文改错中都有时态错误。因此要有目的地去检查文中 的每一个谓语动词的时态与上下文、语境以及该句的时间状语是否相符 和一致。2 .主谓是否一致在检查谓语动词的时态和语态是否正确的同时，还要注意检查该动词 在人称和数上是否与主语保持了一致。3 .指代是否一致对于短文中出现的每一个代词都要查一下它所指代的内容以及在句 中的作用，注意其数、格、词性是否正确和前后一致，包括人称代词、 指标代词、反身代词、关系代词以及疑问代词等。指代错误也是高考改 错题中常设的改错题。4 .平行结构是否平行一致由 and ,or ,but ,either.or. ,neither.nor. ,not only.but also., as well as等并列连词和词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。平行结构在 词性、时态、非谓语动词的形式上往往要求前后一致。答题时要留心平 行结构前后是否对等平行，这也是常设的错误。5 .名词的单复数名词数的错误也是高考常设的改错题。要查一下名词是否可数，与其 修饰语是否一致。主动语态和被动语态错用.名词的常见错误:单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用r II get good marks in all my subject. ( subject 改为 subjects )Their word were a great encouragement to me. ( word 改为 words )Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. ( knowledges 改为 knowledge )2 .连词错误：连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/ or/but等。关于连词，一般考查从句关系 who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whetherI have a good friend who' s name is Liu Mei.(错用了 who 的所有格形式，改为whose )I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up.(此处应该是并歹帕勺关系而非转折，but改为and )Clever as she is, but she works very hard. ( as 意为尽管,不能再跟 but 连用, 所以去掉but)3 .冠词错误：（1）误用a和an （根据单词的第一个音素来判定）（2 ）误用a/an和the （固定搭配，或泛指、特J旨；多冠词或少冠词）We may be one family and live under a same roof. （ a 改为 the , the same 是 固定搭配）As everyone knows, it' s famous mountain with all kindsof pants. （ mountain 是可数名词需用冠词，所以其前加a ）I hope you have pleasant journey, （journey 是可数名词，故 have 后力Ha ）4 .形容词和副词错误：（1 ）系动词后用形容词（be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官T生动词 smell /feel）（2）词性的误用（形容词修饰名词；副词修饰动词、形容词）r m sure wez II have a wonderfully time together. （time 是名词所以要用形容词 wonderful 修饰）My pronunciation was terribly. （ was 后用形容词，terribly 改为 terrible.）.代词错误:(1)代词的主格和宾格(I / me; he/him; she/ her; we/ us they/ them )错误(2)反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves )使用错误(3)代词的单数和复数使用错误(4 )代词指代错误(5)多代词或少代词Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. ( me 改为 myself )One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (to 前力口 it)If any one of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out. ( other 后加 s )What' s more, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. ( him 改为 them ).非谓语动词的常见错误：(1)不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时(2) and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致(尤其距离较远时)(3)介词后用动名词形式作宾语；某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper. ( enjoy 后需接动名词,talk 改为 talking )But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. ( go作主语，应改为going )Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves.（介词后用动名词形式作宾语，read改为reading ）I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. （ and 连接的不定式或动名词前后不 致，故saw改为seeing ）8.介词错误：（1）词组中的介词误用（2）介词意思理解偏差（3）介词的多用或少用There are too many people among my family. （ among 改为 in ,in my family 为 固定搭配）I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.（去 掉at, the moment引导从句）短文改错解题思潞1.句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词2.谓语动词的时态、语态是否正确3.非谓语动词的用法是否正确4 .名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确5 .定冠词和不定冠词是否正确.代词的格和性的使用是否正确6 .定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确.并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用得是否得当短文改错解题四原则.改动以最少为原则1 .虚词以添加或删除为原则.实词以改变词形为原则2 .以保持句子原意为原则短文改错解题步骤1 .通读全文，掌握大意.整句分析，逐行推敲2 .反复通读，复查验证解题注意要点和能力培养1 .核对错项时，若的确有一时难以改出的地方，可以参考所改动项是否基本符合： 1:8的比例。即多词1个，缺词1个，错词8个。2 .核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复 考查某个语法点的现象。3 .核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看看有无遗漏符号，忽略字母大小写和拼 写等问题。1.通读全文，了解短文大意，把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑，尤其是有的行文逻 辑方面的错误在看单句时难以发现错误（比如前文用m汰e ,后文代词用she等）。在 通读全文时把一些容易的错误先改好，再进行分句改错。2.分局阅读，逐行找错。在 完成第一步后，要进行逐行主句的改错。这是要对文中的词法、句法和语篇角度着重 分析和特别注意。3.最后把改好的短文再阅读一遍，检查答案是否正确，感觉是否还 有不妥之处，最终形成定稿。4.短文改错【考查要点】.词法的测试：词性，词义1 .定冠词和不定冠词的用法，即a,an,the三者的转化与增减。例：A beauty of the West Lake is more than I can describe.IE 解：AThe.名词的单复数和名词所有格。例：More than one students can' t take in it.正解:students student.动词的时态、语态、语气，情态动词和非谓语动词。例：He is good at sing songs.正解:singsinging.人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等用法。例：The book is her.正解:herhers.词性的变化。例：John deep believed that the God knows everything.正 角星：deepdeeply.并列连词、从属连词的用法。例：She insisted that the boy told was a lie.正解:thatwhat.形容词、副词以及比较级与最高级的用法。例：They all exacting by the exacted news.正解:exacting exacted ; exacted一exacting.固定搭配与习惯用法。例：It happened all of sudden.正解:ofAa句法的测试：1 .考察英语的一致性现象，主要包括：主谓不一致、代词不一致、时 态不一致。例:Many a teacher and many a student are tired because of the heavy work.正角星:areis.各种从句关系词的使用。例：I love Baidu Experience, that is useful and helpful.正解:that 一which.句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性、逻辑性。例：We all know China,America.Therefore,do you know Laos?正解:ThereforeHowever语篇的测试：1 .上下文中的时态是否一致。2 .上下文中的代词是否一致。3 .上下文中的逻辑是否一致。4 .上下文中的词、词组、从句的替代是否正确。总结规律：形容词副词连词固定搭配时态动词+ ing或动词+ed形式 可数名词不可数名词主动被动代词独立主格。看到这些地方的时候，提周）敏感度。高考英语短文改错套路十点高中英语语法填空十三招高考英语作文写什幺字体好高考英语考试时间如何分配英语短文改错答题技巧短文改错解题思路和检查原则1句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词；2 .谓语动词的时态、语态；3 .非谓语动词的用法；4 .名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确;