2020届惠州市博罗县平安中学高三英语模拟试题及参考答案.pdf
20202020 届惠州市博罗县平安中学高三英语模拟试题及参考答案届惠州市博罗县平安中学高三英语模拟试题及参考答案第一部分第一部分阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分4 40 0 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项A AFor some people,theres no better companion than mans best friend-a dog.This four-legged pet can bringcomfort and joy and provide much-needed exercise for you when it needs walkies!This probably explains whydog ownership increased last year because people spent more time at home during he CovID-I9 lockdown.However,as demand for a new dog increased,so did the price tag.Popular breeds,such as Cockapoos andCocker Spaniels,saw even sharper price increases,and puppies have been selling for$3,000 or more.Animal welfare charities fearthat high prices could encourage puppy farming,smuggling(走私)or dog theft.An investigation found some breeders have been selling puppies and kittens on social media sites-somethingcharities have called“extremely irresponsible”.But despite some new owners purchasing a dog legally,maybe from a rescue center or registered breeder,theyve proved to be ill-prepared for life with a new pet,and the pet itself has found it hard tocome totermswithlife in a new home.Looking to the future,there are concerns about the welfare of these much-loved pets.Lan Alkin manager ofthe Oxfordshire Animal Sanct uary in the UK,notes:“At the moment,the dogs are having a great time,butseparation anxiety could still surface when people go back to work.”And Cliare Calder from the UKs Dogs Trustrescue charity says,“The economic situation also means that some people may find they cant afford to look aftera dog.”The message is not to buy a dog in haste and to pick one that fits into our lifestyle.1.The greater demand for dogs can cause the following problems except _.A.illegal trade of dogsB.less dog farmingC.high prices of dogsD.online sale of dogs2.What does the underlined phrasecome to terms within paragraph 4 mean?A.Fit in withB.Go in forC.Make up for.D.End up with3.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.Despite the problems,dogs are living happily.B.The writer has a positive attitude towards dogs future.C.Experts are worried that dogs will be unaffordable to people.D.The writer advises people to think twice before keeping dogs as pets.BThe climate change is already eating into the output of the worlds agricultural systems,with productivitymuch lower than it would have been if humans hadnt rapidly heated the planet,new research has found.Advances in technology,fertilizer(化肥)use and global trade have allowed food production to keep pace withan increasing global population since the 1960s.But rising temperatures in this time have acted as a handbrake(手刹)to farming productivity of crops,according to the new research,published in Nature Climate Change.Productivity has actuallyslumpedby 21%since 1961,compared to if the world hadnt been affected by globalheating.With the global population set to rise to more than 9 billion by 205,the UNS Food and AgricultureOrganization has estimated that food production will have to increase by about 70%,with annual crop productionincreasing by almost 1 billion tons and meat production by more than200mtons a year by this point.Meanwhile,global temperatures are rising at a rate that scientists warn is extremely dangerous for human civilization.“The impact already is larger than I thought it would be,”said Ariel Ortiz-Bobea,an economistatCornellUniversitywho led the research.“It was a big surprise to me.The worry I have is that research anddevelopment in agriculture takes decades to translate into higher productivity.The projected temperatureincrease is so fast that I dont know if we are going to keep pace with that.”Weston Anderson,a researcher of food security(安全)and climate at Columbia University who didnt takepart in the study,said the new research provides fresh insight into the importance of the impact upon agriculture.“Theregionsthatthispaperhighlightsasexperiencingthelargest reductionsinagriculturalproductivity-CentralAmericaand theSahel-contain some of the least food secure countries in the world,which is areal concern,”he said.4.What does the underlined word“slumped”in paragraph 2 mean?A.Fallen.B.Gathered.C.Approached.D.Benefited.5.What is Ariel Ortiz-Bobea worried about?A.Fertilizer is used in food production.B.Population will rise to over 9 billion.C.Global temperatures are rising too fast.D.Agricultural research needs many years.6.What can we learn about Weston Anderson?A.He puts forward a different solution.B.He proposes carrying on with the research.C.He pays more attention to food insecure regions.D.He supports improving agricultural productivity.7.What is the best title for the text?A.The Impact of Growth in Farm ProductivityB.Productivity in Agriculture is GrowingC.Causes and Effects of Global HeatingD.Rapid Global Heating is Hurting Farm ProductivityCAustralias Great Barrier Reef has lost 50%of its corals(珊瑚)within 30 years,with climate change a keydriver of reef disturbance,a new study has found.Researchers from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies,inQueensland,northeasternAustralia,studied coral communities and theirsize along the length of theGreat Barrier Reefbetween 1995 and 2017,findingall coral populations disappear gradually,they said.Reefs are important to the health of ocean ecosystems without them,ecosystems break down and oceanlife dies.Coral population decreases happened in both shallow and deep water coral species,experts found,but branchingand table-shaped corals which provide habitats for fish were worst affected by mass bleaching(漂白)eventsin 2016.Warm ocean temperatures are the main reason of coral bleaching.Bleaching doesnt kill coral immediately,but if temperatures remain high,eventually the coral will die,destroying a natural habitat for many species ofocean life.“We used to think the Great Barrier Reef is protected by its huge size but in fact our results show that even theworlds largest and ly well-protected reef system is increasingly destroyed and in decline,”Terry Hughes,anoutstanding professor at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies,said.“There is no time to lose we must sharply decrease greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible,”thereporter warned in the paper,published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society journal.8.What has mainly influenced the coral populations of theGreat Barrier Reef?A.Destroyed habitats.B.Climate change.C.Lack of seafood.D.Bleaching events.9.What can we learn from the passage?A.Many species has been dying out slowly.B.The size of reefs contributes to their protection.C.Ocean ecosystems dont develop without reefs.D.Bleaching continually disturbs table-shaped corals.10.What attitude does the reporter hold to the present situation of theGreat Barrier Reef?A.Worried.B.Angry.C.Hopeful.D.Surprised.11.What is probably the best title for the passage?A.Climate change damages theGreat Barrier ReefB.The Species of ocean Life Are In DangerC.Greenhouse Gas Emissions Get WorseD.Sea Ecosystems Are In DeclineDBrain cells work to actively forget memories during a specific period of sleep.When we sleep our brains clearout the memories weve made while were awake,deciding what to keep and what to get rid of.Forgetting is anactive process,explained the authors of the study published in the journal Science.But less is known about thisprocess during the different periods of sleep.They found that during the rapid eye movement(REM)sleep period or active sleep when we are thoughtto dream special nerve cells appear to actively contribute to forgetting.What are known asmelanin-concentrating hormone-producing(MCH)neurons(神经元)sit in the hypothalamus(下丘脑):a part ofthe brain which helps with a range of functions such as sleep,appetite and emotions.Past research has suggestedthese cells help to control REM sleep patterns:activating the MCH neurons increasing time spentin this period,while preventingthemreducing changes into this period.The scientists looked at MCH cells in mice,and found 52.8 percent were active during REM sleep,comparedwith 35 percent when the mice were awake.Study co-author Thomas Kilduff,director of the Center forNeuroscience at SRI International,told Newsweek the team was surprised to find that mice performed better onlearning and memory tasks when the MCH cells were prevented.“This result suggests that activation of the MCHneurons may affect memory that is,MCH neurons may facilitate forgetting,”Kilduff explained.When asked what motivated the study,Kilduff said,“We hope the work could deepen our understanding ofAlzheimers disease.Understanding the neural basis of learning and memory is a huge area of neuroscienceresearch because of its effects on our everyday lives,as well as diseases such as Alzheimers disease.Prior to thiswork,no one suspected that MCH neurons had anything to do with forgetting,”said Kilduff.12.What can we infer from paragraph 1?A.Forgetting is a passive process.B.The forgetting process is known to us.C.Some memories are forgotten while we are awake.D.Certain memories are removed while we are asleep.13.What does the underlined word“them”in paragraph 2 refer to?A.REM sleep patterns.B.Past researches.C.MCH neurons.D.A range of functions.14.Why did Kilduffs team conduct the research?A.To publish the study in the journal Science.B.To know more about Alzheimers disease.C.To contribute to humans forgetting.D.To explore our everyday lives.15.What can we know about MCH?A.MCH cells takes control of REM sleep patterns.B.MCH neurons may disturb memory consolidation.C.MCH neurons have nothing to do with forgetting.D.MCH cells help mice performing better on learning.第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1 10 0 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项It is a very effective strategy for success in womens basketball.Nevertheless(然而),most people aresurprised to learn that the leading womens basketball college teams in the United States use male practiceplayers.Men playing on the same court as women?Dont they control the game?_16_The men are there tomake the practice sessions more demanding for the team than female practice players would._17_Most of them are volunteers who are good players,but who are not on the mens basketballteams.The NCAA(National Collegiate Athletic Association),the athletic federation(联合会),approves of menpractice players but they have to qualify(取得资格)for the team just as women players do._18_Mostlythough,they come to help the teams adapt and improve.Besides the honor of practicing with top-notch(拔尖的)women players,are there lots of other advantages ofbeing on the practice team?_19_For example,men never get to play in actual games and they dont get totravel with the team to away games.They cant receive sports scholarships,although as registered college players,they have to keep up their academic grades.However,they get lots of indoor exercise._20_A.Unfortunately,there arent many.B.How do men get to be practice players?C.The players who qualify come for exercise and to let off steam(发泄).D.In the end,they know their participation contributes to the teams success.E.No,they dont control the game even though they are typically larger and stronger.F.Many coaches believe that use of male practice players lowers the risk of injuryin practice.G.If male practice players are used selectively,this practice may be an important teaching tool.第二部分第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分语言运用（共两节，满分4545 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项完形填空(20%)This is a simple T-shirt,but it has taught me the significance of_21_.Looking at it,I go back into the past.It wasa warm day when I_22_my elementary school.It made me quite_23_.I lay in my front yard inthe warm sun.As I fell into sleep,I vaguely heard my mothers steps approaching.Then,I satup,_24_lemonade or some apples.But she was carrying_25_,and her face was just as_26_.Theremust be something wrong.“Simon is in_27_,”she said.Simon was my stepfathers nephew._28_we were not related by blood,Simon in some way meant moreto me than any blood.Being both_29_,we always went hiking and surfing together.I really enjoyedhis_30_I wished to attend middle school with him,too.“He has cancer,”my mom added.When I heard that,my stomach got heavier.“But he will _31_,right?”Iasked.“Because he has a rare case,its not clear whether he can defeat it.”My mom replied.Day by day,Simon seemed to be getting weaker and his_32_was bad,making him lack nutrition(营养).Throughout his_33_,Simon suffered allergic shock(过敏)due to the medicines side effects.Somehow,Simon was having a(an)_34_later.The whole family were thrilled._35_,Simons improvement turnedout to be a flash in a pan(昙花一现).Itwas around then that I_36_the“Simon Says”T-shirt,which was designed with letters,“SimonSaysCancer is a detour(绕行),instead of a stop sign.”I proudly wore Simons present in the summer vacationand_37_wearing it when later attending middle school.That sentence taught me however that challengefought against us,we shouldnt_38_.At last,Simon didnt_39_it.But his T-shirt would have a lasting positive impact on the world.Simon_40_and inspired countless people with his spirits.21.A.courageB.understandingC.self-respectD.devotion22.A.finishedB.attendedC.visitedD.skipped23.A.amusedB.curiousC.relaxedD.frightened24.A.seeingB.presentingC.carryingD.expecting25.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing26.A.blankB.sourC.confusedD.surprised27.A.reliefB.troubleC.sightD.shape28.A.WhileB.BecauseC.AsD.If29.A.kindB.cleverC.optimisticD.energetic30.A.honestyB.encouragementC.companyD.trust31.A.liveB.succeedC.insistD.struggle32.A.spiritB.appetiteC.lookD.behavior33.A.learningB.exerciseC.treatmentD.dieting34.A.disasterB.recoveryC.examinationD.wish35.A.SadlyB.UndoubtedlyC.NaturallyD.Especially36.A.designedB.receivedC.boughtD.washed37.A.lovedB.startedC.stoppedD.continued38.A.show offB.set offC.give upD.take over39.A.faceB.senseC.takeD.make40.A.appreciatedB.challengedC.touchedD.funded第二节（共第二节（共 1 10 0 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 1515 分）分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式“Time waits for no man”or so the saying goes.We cant stop time and we cant control_41._,although sometimes,in our minds,we think time flies.But if this year_42._particular feels like itspassing more quickly than others have done,there could be a scientific_43._(explain).Of course,we know a year is usually 365 days long.Clever scientists calculated this a long time ago.They alsoworked out that every four years,we need an extra day_44._(call)a leap year to keep our calendarinsync(同步).But 2021 isnt one of those years,and yet its not behaving like_45._normal year.Scientists have done the math and discovered the Earth is moving faster than it ever has in the last 50years,_46._means that 2021 is going to be the shortest year in decades.Apparently,this is_47._the Earth is spinning faster,quicker than it has done in decades,and thedays are therefore shorter.But they are only short by a tiny amountaround 0.05 millisecondsso dont panic ifyou havent noticed
