初中英语知识点：宾语从句的用法.docx

中考英语宾语从句的用法一概念：宾语从句是在复合句中充当宾语的句子，常跟在动词或介词的后面。二结构：主句 +连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句三宾语从句种类Ø a. 由that引导的宾语从句，that无任何意义，可以省略。当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. She says (that) she wont take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.注意：在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句。Im sorry (that) I dont know .Were sure (that) our team will win.Ø b. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句，if或whether表示“是否”，不可以省略。当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导I want to know if /Whether you still work in the factory.注意：一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided.在介词前：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain.与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.Ø c. 由疑问词引导的宾语从句，疑问代词或疑问副词有意义，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分，不可以省略。当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导Do you know when we are going to Beijing?He wants to know who lives in this room.注意：带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句。I dont know how far it is to the cinema .四宾语从句语序宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。Can you tell me who(m) do we have to see?()Can you tell me who(m) we have to see?( )The teacher asked the students what they were doing.(思考: what在从句中的成分)注意:当从句的原句为以下句子以及疑问词做主语(常用：which, who)作主语时，语序不变：Whats wrong?/Whats the matter?/Whats happening?/Whats the problem?/Whats the trouble?五宾语从句时态Ø 1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定。 Please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow. Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here?Ø 2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行 时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992. ( )I thought (that) you are free today. ()注意：Ø 当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.Ø Could you.?引导的宾语从句时态不用过去时，根据主句来决定时态。could是委婉语气。Could you tell me how I can get to the station?六宾语从句中的从句简化Ø 在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词不定式”结构。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the station? Can you tell me how to get to the station? 第 4 页 共 4 页