《连词状语从句》PPT课件.ppt

连词讲解 及练习知识概要知识概要 用来连接词、短语、从句或句子的词叫连词。连词是一种虚词，在句中不用来连接词、短语、从句或句子的词叫连词。连词是一种虚词，在句中不能单独使用。连词可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。能单独使用。连词可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。连词一一览表表作作 用用主主 要要 连连 词词并并列列连连词词表并列关系表并列关系and,bothand,not onlybut also,neithernor等等表选择关系表选择关系or,eitheror等等表转折关系表转折关系but,however,while(而而)，only(只不过只不过)等等表因果关系表因果关系for,so，therefore(因此因此)，then（那么）等（那么）等从从属属连连词词引导引导时间时间状语从句状语从句after,before,when,while,as,until,till,since,as soon as,hardlywhen等。等。引导引导条件条件状语从句状语从句if,unless,in case,as long as等等引导引导原因原因状语从句状语从句because,as,since,for,in that等等引导引导目的目的状语从句状语从句so that,in order that,in case等等引导引导让步让步状语从句状语从句though,although,even if,as,while,no matter how/when,whoever等等引导引导结果结果状语从句状语从句so that,so/suchthat等等引导引导比较比较状语从句状语从句than,asas,the morethe more等等引导引导方式方式状语状语从句从句as,as if/though等等引导引导地点地点方式状语方式状语where，wherever尝试判断下列属于哪种从句：No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.(一就)As the days went by,she knew more about her classmates.(随着)Wherever you go,you should work hard.His friends dislike him because hes stingy(小气)and lazy.He works very hard so that he can earn more money.时间状语时间状语地点状语原因状语目的状语 I did just as you told me.Well start our project if the president agrees.No matter how hard he tried,she could not change her mind.Her handwriting is more beautiful than anybody elses in her class.Its such a good chance that we must not miss it.方式状语条件状语让步状语比较状语结果状语1.常用并列连词的用法常用并列连词的用法1）and连接语法作用相同的部分连接语法作用相同的部分.如：如：Let me know what you saw and heard in Europe.如果连接的两个名词是指同一个人而有两种身份如果连接的两个名词是指同一个人而有两种身份时时,第二个名词前不要加冠词或所有格第二个名词前不要加冠词或所有格.如：如：Her husband is a singer and songwriter.2）祈使句）祈使句+and代替条件句代替条件句.如：如：Work hard and you will pass the examination.由由and连接两个主接两个主语时谓语动词要用复数形式。要用复数形式。如：如：You and I are from China.但是但是and前面的主前面的主语之前有之前有every,each,no,many a的的时候用候用单数数谓语动词.如：如：Every train and bus was crowded with many people.2）both+主主语+and+主主语+“复数复数谓语动词”。Both Tom and Jerry are going to the cinema.3）not onlybut also如如果连接两个主语果连接两个主语,谓谓语动词就近原则语动词就近原则.如：如：Not only he but also his parents are very kind to me.4）as well as后面后面的主的主语不作不作为成分成分.如：如：This study,as well as many other reports,shows that cancer can be cured.后面如果接后面如果接动词一定要用一定要用动名名词.如：如：She sings as well as playing the piano.5)nor是否定是否定连接接词,后面接的句子后面接的句子应倒装倒装.如：如：I dont know,nor do I care.6）but用来用来表示表示转折折,如：如：He tried hard but he was unsuccessful.还可以用在可以用在no one,none,nobody,nothing,all,every等等词之后表示之后表示”除了除了以外以外”。如：。如：All the boys but one are here.7）however,still,yet,含意相同相当于含意相同相当于”butanyway”.如：如：The car was old,yet it was in excellent condition.She has her weaknesses,yet(but)that doesnt mean she is not good for the job.He lied to me,I still believe him.8)while表示的是表示的是”相反的相反的”,也可以用也可以用but,however,on the other hand来代替来代替.While some people have nothing to eat,others eat too much.9)or连接句子或接句子或词组,表示表示“或者或者”之意。之意。Which do you prefer,yellow,blue or red?Was he angry,or was he pretending?or,也有也有“否否则”的意思的意思.如：如：Be quick,or you will be late.10)either or/neither nor并列主语时，并列主语时，谓语动词同样用就近原则谓语动词同样用就近原则.Either Mary or her parents are going by bus.11）so表示因此表示因此,相当于相当于therefore.（adv.）They cost a lot of money,so use them carefully.It is very cold.Therefore,we should stay here.12）then（adv）然后，而后，其次 I dropped in at her house and then I went home.13）for引导的句子不可以放在句首，之前必须由逗号，表示推论的理由 They must be good friends,for they are always together.The day breaks,for the birds are singing.2.常用从属连词的用法常用从属连词的用法1）that引导名词性从句引导名词性从句(主语主语/宾语宾语/表语从句表语从句),同位语从句，定语从句同位语从句，定语从句,如：如：That smoking can cause cancer is known to all.I was surprised to hear that he became the president.2）after/before After her husband died she had to take everything on herself.Take the medicine before you go to bed.3）since引引导的从句是肯定句的从句是肯定句,一般主句一般主句都是完成都是完成时.She has had another baby since we met.4）till/until 其中其中until较为常用常用,till是是口口语.Until you told me,I had heard nothing of what happened.I wont go until he comes.5）as soon as Ill tell him the news as soon as I see him.6）because/since/as表示直接原因的表示直接原因的时候候不能用不能用since或或as.其他情况可以用其他情况可以用since既既然，然，as 由于（由于（语气弱）。气弱）。It was because he was ill that he didnt go to school.7）so/such that 结果状果状语从句从句(程度程度)She was so moved that tears came to her eyes.They took such care of her that not long after she was restored to health.8）if(假如假如,如果如果)不能用不能用whether.If you call him a fatty,he will get angry.9）unless=if not You can not interview him unless you get the permission.10）though/although都作都作为”虽然然,尽管尽管”可可以互以互换,although用的更多一些用的更多一些.后面不可以后面不可以有有but但可以有但可以有yet/still.Although he is much better,yet his father isnt satisfied.11）as引引导状状语从句从句As I remember,he used to work here ten years ago.As I see it,there is still much room for improvement in our work.My parents do not love pop music as much as I(do).As引导让步状语从句要倒装，必须主从句主语相同：被提前的部分可以是从句的表语，状语或动词原形。如果被前置的表语是单数名词时，须省略冠词。Much as I like Tom,I cant agree to his plan.Child as he is,he knows a lot of things.Tired as he is,he offers to help me.Try as you will,you wont be able to persuade him.副词+as+主语+谓语部分名词+as+主语+系动词形容词+as+主语+系动词动词原形+as+主语+谓语的另一部分 ,he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.A.A quiet student as he may be B.Quiet student as he may be C.Be a quiet student as he may D.Quite as he may be a studentB12.no soonerthan/hardlywhen 表示“一就”如果no sooner或者hardly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，且用过去完成时。-Did Linda see the traffic accident?-No,no sooner than it happened.A.had she gone B.she had goneC.has she gone D.she has goneA13）whether/if(是否是否)if 能引导宾语语从句能引导宾语语从句Please tell me whether it is true or not.I havent decided whether/if Ill go with you.在介词后在介词后,名词后名词后,不定式前和有不定式前和有or not的句子中的句子中用用whether.I am worried about whether she is happy.14）so/such that（结果状果状语从句目的状从句目的状语从句）从句）,in order to/that目的状目的状语从句从句 They set out early so that they might arrive in time.目的状目的状语从句从句 Say slowly so that I can understand it.It was raining,so that we could not go out.结果状果状语从句（原因）从句（原因）3.常用近义连词的用法辨析常用近义连词的用法辨析（1）while,when,as都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。when 引导的句子中的动词可以是短暂动词也引导的句子中的动词可以是短暂动词也可以是延续性动词可以是延续性动词.还可以表示还可以表示“就在那个时就在那个时候候”,=at that time while 引导的句子中的动词引导的句子中的动词只能是延续性动词只能是延续性动词.还可以表示还可以表示“然而然而”.as 强调强调“边边 边边”1)当某事正在当某事正在进行的行的时候，又候，又发生了另一件生了另一件事。事。While,when,as 都可用来引都可用来引导表示表示“背背景景”的的时间状状语从句。例如：从句。例如：As/When/While I was walking down the street I noticed a police car.2)当两个当两个长动作同作同时进行的行的时候，最候，最常用的是常用的是while。例如：。例如：While mother was cooking lunch,I was doing my homework.3)当两个当两个动作都表示作都表示发展展变化的情况化的情况时，最常用的是，最常用的是as。例如：。例如：As children get older,they become more and more interested in things around them.4)当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示“一边一边一边一边”时，最常用时，最常用as。例如：。例如：Just as he caught the fly,he gave a loud cry.She looked behind from time to time as she went.5)当从句的当从句的动作先于主句的作先于主句的动作作时，通常用，通常用when。例如：。例如：When he finished his work,he took a short rest.6)当从句是当从句是瞬瞬间动作，主句是延作，主句是延续性性动作作时，通常用通常用when。例如：。例如：When John arrived I was cooking lunch.3.as,because,since,for这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别。这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别。1)如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，。因此，because引导的从句往往放在引导的从句往往放在句末。例如：句末。例如：I stayed at home because it rained.2)如果原因已被人如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用它部分重要，就用as或或since。Since比比as稍微稍微正式一点。正式一点。As和和since 引引导的从句一般放在的从句一般放在句句子的开子的开头。例如：。例如：As he wasnt ready,we left without him.Since I have no money,I cant buy any food.3)for用来用来补充充说明一种理由，因此，明一种理由，因此，for引引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For引引导的句的句子不放在句子的开子不放在句子的开头。例如：。例如：I decided to stop and have lunch，for I was feeling quite hungry.4.if,whetherif和和whether都可作都可作“是否是否”讲，在引导宾与从讲，在引导宾与从句是一般可互换。例如：句是一般可互换。例如：I wonder whether(if)you still study in that school.只能用只能用whether,不能用不能用if：1)在不定式前。例如：在不定式前。例如：I havent made up my mind whether to go there or not.2）用）用or并列两并列两项以上以上时。例如：。例如：I dont now whether he comes or not.3.在介在介词后作介后作介词宾语Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.4.宾语从句放句首从句放句首时Whether it was worth doing was the question.5.sothat,such.that1)sothat中的中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而词或副词，而such.that中的中的such是个形容词是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。例如：后接名词或名词短语。例如：Im so tired that I cant walk any farther.It was such a warm day that he went swimming.2)如果在如果在名名词之前之前有有many,much,little,few时，用，用so,不用不用such。例如：。例如：He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.6.eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also这三个连词词组都可连接两个并列成分。当它们这三个连词词组都可连接两个并列成分。当它们连接两个并列主语时连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词要随相邻的主语谓语动词要随相邻的主语变化。例如：变化。例如：Either you or he is wrong.Neither he nor his children like fish.Not only the teacher but also the students want to buy the book.7.although,but这两个两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。例如：不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我我们不能不能说“Although he is over sixty,but he works as hard as others.”这个句个句子子应改改为：Although he is over sixty,he works as hard as others.或或He is over sixty,but he works as hard as others.8.because,so这两个两个连词同同样不不能用在同一个句子中。例如：能用在同一个句子中。例如：我我们不能不能说“Because John was ill,so I took him to the doctor.”这个句子个句子应改改为Because John was ill,I took him to the doctor.but 与与 and1but 与与not连用用 “不是而是不是而是They saw not an old man,but a child.2.but 可以和可以和 sorry连用，一般不用用，一般不用 andIm sorry to trouble you,but how can I get to the station?3.and 连接祈使句和接祈使句和陈述句述句时，该陈述句用述句用一般将来一般将来时态 Work hard,and you will be successful.4.and 连接两个接两个动词，其，其时态形式及形式及词形往形往往一致往一致Did they go on working without having a rest and eating anything?and 与与 or一般情况下，一般情况下，and 用于肯定句中，用于肯定句中，or 用用于否定句和疑于否定句和疑问句中句中They like English and maths.He doesnt like black or blue.2.在否定句中，如果所在否定句中，如果所连接的两部分都有接的两部分都有否定否定词，那么用，那么用and 而不用而不用or连接接The clock has no eyes and no ears.=The clock has no eyes or ears.1.Forests help to keep water from running away,_ drought does not often happen.A and B but C so D though2.Its getting dark,_theyre still working.A and B but C so D orCB3.Edison never gave up,_ he failed many times.A and B though C or D so4.-Is Tom at school today?-No,hes at home _ he has a bad cold.A because B if C until D beforeBA5.（佛山）佛山）It is warm _ the bears are still sleeping in the holes.A but B so C though D because6.(苏州苏州)You should return the digital camera to Sally _ she will not be angry.A so that B because C before D orAA7.Hurry up,_ you will miss the train.Its leaving in ten minutes.A and B so C however D or8.-This dress was last years style.-I think it still looks perfect _ it has gone out this year.A so that B even though C as if D ever sinceDB1.This shop opens from 8:00 a.m.to 5:30p.m.You can go there this morning _ this afternoon.A so B but C and D or2.-Who did better,Bill or Henry?-I think Bill did just _ Henry.A.as well as B.as good as C.as better as D.more badly thanDA3._ Lily or Lucy has been to the Great Wall.A Either B Neither C Both D Nor4.They bought Granny a present,_she likes it very much.A and B so C but D get5.Study hard,_ youll fall behind the others.A and B but C or D thoughAAC6.Please have a wash _ you go to bed.A.after B.before C.while D.as soon as7.-would you like to come to my birthday party tonight?-Id like to,_ Im too busy.A.and B.but C.so D.becauseBB8.-we never know _ she is.-They say shes a policeman.A.whom B.what C.which D.who9.We dont have supper _ my brother comes.A.after B.since C.while D.until10.He borrowed the money _ he could send his son to school.A.which B.so this C.so that D.becauseBDC11.Which is smaller,the sun _ the moon?A.so B.but C.or D.and 12.“Im going to Hangzhou for a holiday this weekend.”“_ you are there,can you buy me some green tea?”A.Because B.If C.While D.After13.Youd better take this book.Its very good _ its a bit expensive.A.though B.and C.but D.soCCA14._ he is very young,_he knows several languages.A.Though,/B.Because,so C.Though,but D.Because,/15.We shall go _ you are ready.A.while B.as C.since D.as soon asAD16.He hurt himself_ badly _he had to see a doctor.A.too,to B.such,that C.much,that D.so,that17.its a long time _ we met last.A.but B.though C.since D.beforeDC1.-Will the foreigners have any problems talking with Chinese in 2008?-I dont think so.Now _ the young _ the old can speak some English.A.eitheror B.not only but also C.neithernor D.bothor 2.We didnt catch the train _ we left late.A.so B.because C.but D.though 3.Tom failed in the exam again _ he wanted to pass it very much.A.if B.so C.though D.as 4.I wont believe that the five-year-old boy can read five thousand words _ I have tested him myself.A.after B.when C.if D.until 5.The book was so interesting that he had read it for three hours _ he realized it.A.when B.until C.after D.beforeBBCDD6.-This dress was last years style.-I think it still looks perfect _ it has gone out this year.A.so that B.even though C.as if D.ever since7.Hurry up,_ you will miss the train.A.and B.so C.however D.or8.The mountain was _ steep _ few people in our city reached the top.A.soas B.sothat C.asas D.tootoBDB9.-Do you remember our pleasant journey to Xian?-Of course.I remember everything _ it happened yesterday.A.as soon as B.even though C.rather than D.as if10._ you cant answer this question,we have to ask someone else for help.A.Although B.While C.Whether D.Since11.Lucy and Lily are twins.Lucy likes playing basketball，_Lily doesnt.A.and B.but C.as D.or12.The scientist knows two languages.He can speak_English_ French.A.either,or B.neither,nor C.both,and D.so,thatDDBC13.He is rich_unhappy.A.or B.and C.so D.but14.Take a rest_you finish the work.A.before B.after C.until D.while15.You cant pass the exam,_you study hard.A.if B.of C.unless D.and16._our team tried best_we failed.A.Though,but B.Because,so C.If,and D.Though,/17.Dont get off _the bus stops.A.when B.after C.until D.soDBDCC18.He likes maths _ his brother likes English.A while B when C but D and19.Yesterday I was just to go out _ someone telephoned me.A when B while C as D that20._ you have come here,stay with us for a night.A Because B For C Since D As21._ we arrived there,they were playing.A While B When C As D ThoughAACB9 The teacher didnt begin the lesson all the students stopped talking.A.until B.after C.if D.because 10 Betty didnt go to see the film yesterday she was ill.A.but B.until C.if D.because 11 You must start right now,youll miss the train.A.for B.and C.so D.or 12 he is a child of six,he can read and write.A.Whose B.If C.Though D.Because ADDC13 I like fish,chicken,eggs.A.and,and B.and,with C./,and D.and,/14 Take this dictionary with you you may use it in class.A.when B.in order to C.but D.so that 15 I hope will be fine tomorrow.A.it B.what C.whether D.when 16 she was not well,I decided to go without her.A.Though B.As C.When D.Because of CDAB17 My aunt bought me many story books that I spent a lot of time _them.A.suchon B.suchin C.tooin D soon 18 Mother was cooking she a knock at the door.A.when,listen to B.while,listened toC.while,heard D.when,heard 19 Speak slowly,we can understand you.A.and B.or C.if D.because 20 Youll learn English well you put your heart into it.A.if B.so C.until D.or DDAA21 I wont let you in you show me your pass.A.until B.for C.since D.because 22 She didnt go to school she was ill.A.why B.because C.where D.but 23.-I like riding fast.Its very exciting.-Oh!You mustnt do it like that,_ it may have an accident.A.and B.or C.so D.but24.John fell asleep _ he was listening to the music.A.after B.before C.while D.as soon asABBC1 We bought Granny a present,she didnt like it.A.but B.and C.or D.so