2019-2020年高考英语语法精讲精练精析-状语从句.pdf

-.2019-20202019-2020 年高考英语语法精讲精练精析年高考英语语法精讲精练精析-状语从句状语从句一、地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由 where,wherever 引导。Where there is a will,there is a way.Wherever you go，Im right here waiting for you.二、方式状语从句方式状语从句通常由 as,(just)as.so.,as if,as though引导。1as，(just)as.so.引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但当(just)as.so.构造位于句首时，as 从句带有比喻的含义，意思是“正如；就像，多用于正式文体。Always do to the others as you would be done by.As water is to fish,so air is to man.Just as we sweep our rooms,so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.2.as if,as though两者的意义和用法一样，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反；有时也用述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。译作“仿佛似的；好似似的。They pletely ignore these facts as if(as though)they never existed.He looks as if(as though)he had been hit by lighting.It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.三、原因状语从句比拟 because,since,as 和 for 的用法：1because 语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，答复why 提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知的，就用as 或 since。I didnt go,because I was afraid.Since/As the weather is so bad,we have to delay our journey.2由 because 引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，那么可以用for 来代替。如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。He is absent today,because/for he is ill.He must be ill,for he is absent today.四、目的状语从句-优选-.表示目的状语的从句可以由 so that,in order that,lest,for fear that,in case等词引导。You must speak louder so that/in order that you can be heard by all.He wrote the name down for fear that(lest)he should forget it.Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.五、结果状语从句结果状语从句常由 so.that 或 such.that 引导。so.that 与 such.that 之间可以转换。The boy is so young that he cant go to school.He is such a young boy that he cant go to school.六、条件状语从句连接词主要有 if,unless,as/so long as,on condition that等。Lets go out for a walk unless you are too tired.If you are not too tired,lets go out for a walk.七、让步状语从句1.though,although 引导的让步状语从句，后面的从句不能有 but，但是 though 和 yet 可连用。Although its raining,they are still working in the field.He is very old,but he still works very hard.Though the sore is healed,yet a scar may remain.2as,though 引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前(形容词、副词、分词、实义动词原形提前)。Child as/though he was,he knew what was the right thing to do.3ever if,even though“即使。Well make a trip even though the weather is bad.4whether.or.“不管都。Whether you believe it or not,it is true.5“no matter 疑问词或“疑问词ever。No matter what happened,he would not mind.Whatever happened,he would not mind.高考对状语从句的考察主要表达在省略，时态的替代，语序的倒装以及连词的辨析四个方面。1成分的省略(1)在时间、地点、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，如果主语是 it 或与主句的主语一致，-优选-.且谓语动词含有 be 时，可把从句的主语和be 一起省略。Dont speak until(you are)spoken to.Do e to see me whenever(it is)possible.(2)在比拟状语从句中，可省略与主句一样的局部。I know you more than he(knows you)Tom is two years older than Alice(is)(3)as(尽管)引导让步状语从句倒装时，表语提前，且其前的冠词要省略。Hero as he is,he has shortings.2时态的替代(1)在时间、条件和让步状语从句中须用一般现在时替代一般将来时，用一般过去时替代过去将来时。If it rains tomorrow,we wont go fishing.Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.(2)The more.the more.句型中，前句起条件状语从句作用，故用现在时表将来。The harder you work,the greater progress youll make.(3)after,before,as soon as 等连词本身就暗示了时间的先后，因此可用一般过去时代替过去完成时，而不会产生时间上的混乱。I went to bed after I(had)finished my homework.The film star(had)left before the reporter arrived.He got down to work as soon as he(had)go to the factory.3语序的倒装(1)no sooner.than.,hardly/scarcely/barely.when.句型中的主句常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时，且置于句首时主句要倒装。No sooner had he got home than it began to rain.(2)so/such.that.，not until.置于句首时主句要倒装。So angry did she feel that she couldnt speak.Not until he told me the truth did I realize what had happened.4连词的辨析。根据上下文的语意推断属于哪种状语从句，然后选择连词。-优选-.【*全国卷 II 19】It was a nice meal,_a little expensive.A.thoughB.whetherC.asD.since【答案】A【考点】考察连词。句意：那顿饭真美味，尽管有点贵。Though尽管，引导让步状语从句，该句使用了省略形式，补全为“though it was a little expensive注意as 也可以表示“尽管，但 as 作此意时必须使用倒装构造。【解析】【*卷 29】_ volleyball is her main focus,shes also great at basketball.A.Since【答案】D【考点】考察让步状语从句。【解析】句意为：虽然排球是她的主要工程，但她还擅长篮球。while“虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句。Since“自从once“一旦unless“除非均不合题意。【*卷 36】If a lot of people say a film is not good,Iwont bother to see it,or Ill wait _ it esout on DVD.A.whether【答案】D【考点】考察状语从句。【解析】句意为：如果众人都说一部电影不好，我不会急着去看，或者会等到结果出来。【*卷 37】The police officers in our city work hard _ the rest of us can live a safe life.A.in case【答案】C【考点】考察状语从句。【解析】句意为：为了让我们大家过上平安的日子，我市警察工作非常卖力。【*卷 29】Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon,or _ it is convenient toyou.A.whenever【答案】A【考点】考察状语从句连接词B.howeverC.whicheverD.whereverB.as ifC.in order thatD.only ifB.afterC.thoughD.untilB.OnceC.UnlessD.While-优选-.【解析】whenever 无论何时，however 然而 whichever 任何一个 wherever 无论哪里。请打给我的秘书安排今天下午的会议，或者在任何你方便的。关系副词在后句中充当状语，根据语境可知是指时间，选A。【*卷 4】One Friday,we were packing to leave for a weekend away _my daughter heard criesfor help.A.after【答案】D【考点】考察状语从句连接词。【解析】语义表示我们正在收拾行，这时我的女儿听到求救的呼喊。Be doing when 表示“正在做某事，这时(突然)是常见构造，应选D 项。【*卷 33】It was April 29,*_ Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hallof the wedding ceremony.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.before【答案】B【考点】考察时间状语从句。【解析】句意为：*年 4 月 29 日，威廉王子和凯特步入了婚姻的殿堂。【*卷 4】Frank insisted that he was not asleep _ I had great difficulty in waking him up.A.whetherB.althoughC.forD.soB.whileC.sinceD.when【答案】B【考点】考察状语从句。【解析】句意为：尽管我很费力才将他叫醒，但Frank 坚持说他没有睡着。Although 引导让步状语从句。【*卷 6】As it reported,it is 100 years _Qinghua University was founded.A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.since【答案】D【考点】考察状语从句。【解析】“It is+时间段+since+从句谓语为一般过去时为固定句型，故答案选D。句意为：“正如所报道的那样，自从清华大学建校以来已有100 年时间了。【*卷 25】No matter how _,it is not necessarily lifeless.-优选-.A.a desert may be dryB.dry a desert may beC.may a desert be dryD.dry may a desert be【答案】B【考点】考察状语从句。【解析】句意为：无论沙漠多么的枯燥，都不肯能没有生命。How+adj.+述语序。【*卷 29】He had no sooner finished his speech _ the students started cheering.A.sinceB.asC.whenD.than【答案】D【考点】考察状语从句。【解析】句意为：他刚一完毕演讲，同学们就欢呼起来。固定句式no soonerthan.。【*卷 17】The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _the present one.A.as three times big asB.three times as big asC.as big as three timesD.as big three times as【答案】B【考点】考察状语从句。【解析】句意为：【*卷 5】_ regular exercise is very important,its never a good idea to exercise too close tobedtime.A.ItB.AsC.AlthoughD.Unless【答案】C【考点】考察连词。【解析】although“尽管;As“如;Unless“除非。句意为：尽管有规律的运动很重要，但是在睡前运动不是一个好主意。【*卷 19】_all of them are strong candidates,only one will be chosen for the post.A.SinceB.WhileC.IfD.As【答案】B【考点】考察让步状语从句。While 的意思是“虽然，尽管，相当于though 或 although。这句话的意思是：虽然他们都是强有力的候选人，但只有一个人被选中担任这个职务。【解析】-优选-.【*卷 28】He had his camera ready _ he saw something that would make a good picture.A.even ifB.if onlyC.in caseD.so that【答案】C【考点】引导词。【解析】句意“他准备好了相机以防看到可以拍摄的景物。in case 为“以防；以免evenif 为“即使if only 为“如果,so that“为了，以便。【*卷 30】To show our respect,we usually have to take our gloves off _ we are to shakehands with.A.whicheverB.wheneverC.whoeverD.wherever【答案】C【考点】考察让步状语从句。【解析】句意为“我们不管是跟谁握手的时候，我们常常将手套取下，以示尊敬。shake handswith sb.表示“与某人握手，本句中的 with 后缺少宾语，结合句意选 C 项，whoever 在句中引导让步状语从句。【*卷 33】Jack wasnt saying anything,but the teacher smiled at him _he had donesomething very clever.A.as ifB.in caseC.whileD.though【答案】A【考点】此题考察状语从句的用法。【解析】根据句意，空格处需要填入好似，仿佛。应选 A。句意：Jack 什么也没说，但教师向他笑了笑，好似他做了件聪明的事情一样。10Tim is in good shape physicallyhe doesnt get much exercise.A.ifB.even thoughC.unlessD.as long as答案B考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析句意为：“尽管 Tim 不经常锻炼,但他身材很好。前后是让步转折关系,应选 B项。10The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day,_acpanied by an adult.-优选-.A.onceB.whenC.if D.unless答案D考点此题考察省略的状语从句的连接词。解析句意应为“学校规章规定：除非有成年人陪同,否那么孩子们在校期间不能出学校。表示“除非用 unless。该句式构成了“连词+过去分词构造。10you may have,you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A.However a serious problemB.What a serious problemC.However serious a problemD.What serious a problem答案C考点让步状语从句解析根据句意“无论你有多么严重的问题,你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战,而 however表让步时其顺序应是：however+形容词+主语+谓语。however 做连接副词,相当于 nomatter how,后接形容词或副词,意为“无论、不管,引导让步状语从句,其序为“however+形容词、副词+主语+谓语。10 Because of the heavy traffic,it was already time for lunch breakshe got to her office.A.sinceB.that答案C考点考察状语从句。解析句意为：“因为交通阻塞,当她到达办公室时已经是午休的时间了。,故此处应为 when 引导的时间状语从句,故正确答案为 C。10John thinks it wont be longhe is ready for his new job.A.whenB.afterC.beforeD.since答案C考点考察状语从句。解析 所填词引导状语从句,构成 It will be+时间段+状语从句,意思是：过多久才将.,选 C。10Today,we will begin _we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.A.whenB.whereC.howD.what答案BC.whenD.until-优选-.考点考察状语从句。解析由句意：今天,为了不遗漏要点,我们从昨天完毕的地方开场。where 引导地点状语从句。09She had just finished her homeworkher mother asked her to practice playing thepiano yesterday.A.whenB.while答案A考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析根据主从句的动词时态可知主句谓语动词的动作在从句谓语动词之前已经完成,引导词的意思是：当的时候,选 A。09My parents dont mind what job I doI am happy.A.even thoughB.as soon asC.as long asD.as though答案C考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析根据题干意思可知此处是条件状语从句,引导词意思是：只要,选 C。even though引导让步状语从句,意思是：即使；as soon as 引导时间状语从句,意思是：一就；as though 引导方式状语从句,意思是：仿佛,好似。09You cant borrow books from the school library _ you get your student card.A.beforeB.ifC.whileD.as答案A考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析 该句的意思是：在你得到你的学生卡之前你不能从学校图书馆借书。所以选 before。09 全国All the dishes in this menu,otherwise stated,will serve two to three people.A.asB.ifC.thoughD.unless答案D考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析考察状语引导词(unless)。全句意思是：在这份菜单上的所有菜,除非另外说明,会给二到三个人食用。09_ unemployment and crime are high,it can be assumed that the latter is due to theC.afterD.since-优选-.former.A.BeforeB.WhereC.UnlessD.Until答案B考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析在失业率及犯罪率居高不下的地方,可以推断后者是由前者引发的。Where=Theplace in which.引导地点状语从句。答案B。09The little girl who got lost decided to remain _she was and wait for her mother.A.whereB.whatC.howD.who答案A考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析 那个迷路的小女孩决定呆在原地等她妈妈。根据句意判断,remain vi.逗留、不离去后接地点状语从句_she was and wait for her mother,因此空格处该填 where。答案 A。09Peter was so excited _he received an invitation from his friend to visitChongqing.A.whereB.thatC.whyD.when答案D考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析当收到朋友请他去玩的邀请,彼得是如此的兴奋。假设用 sothat 构造,句意不符合逻辑。这是个时间状语从句。答案D。09_ the police thought he was the most likely one,since they had no exact proof about it,they could not arrest him.A.AlthoughB.As long as C.If onlyD.As soon as答案A考点考察附属连词的用法。解析根据句意,引导让步状语从句。应选A。09 Owen wouldnt eat anything _ he cooked it himselfA.untilB.sinceC.unlessD.while答案C-优选-.考点考察连词的区别。解析该句的意思是：欧文不吃任何东西,除非这种东西是他自己09The medicine works more effectively _ you drink some hot water after taking it.A.asB.untilC.althoughD.if答案D考点考察连词的用法。解析该题的意思是,这种药的效果更明显,如果你在吃药后喝一些开水的话。08 全国The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit_the season.A.whateverB.wherever答案A考点考察 whatever 引导的从句。解析whatever the season 意为“无论什么季节。08 全国Have you got any idea for the summer vacationI dont mind where we go_theres sun,sea and beach.A.as ifB.as long asC.now thatD.in order that答案B考点考察连词的用法。解析as long as 意为“只要。08 全国A small car is big enough for a family of three_you need more space forbaggage.A.onceB.becauseC.ifD.unless答案D考点此题考察连词的用法。解析句意为：一辆小汽车对于一个三口之家足够大了,除非你需要更多的空间放行。unless 相当于 if not。08_the Internet is of great help,I dont think its a good idea to spend too much timeon it.A.IfB.WhileC.BecauseD.As答案BC.wheneverD.however-优选-.考点此题考察连词的用法。解析句意为：尽管因特网是很有帮助的,但我认为在网络上花费太多的时间不是个好主意。while 引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管。08There were some chairs left over _everyone had sat down.A.whenB.untilC.thatD.where答案A考点此题考察连词的用法。解析句意为：当大家都坐下时,还有些椅子剩余。when 引导时间状语从句；until 也引导时间状语从句,表示“直到；where 引导地点状语从句；that 引导结果状语从句,用于 so.that.中。08In some places women are expected to earn money_men work at home and raise theirchildren.A.butB.whileC.becauseD.though答案B考点此题考察连词的用法。解析句意为：有些地方,妇女被要求挣钱而男人在家里干活和养育孩子。从该句句意可知,此题用 while 表示妇女与男人两种情况的比照。A 项 but 表示转折,C 项 because 表示原因,D 项 though 表示让步,B 项 while 表示并列。08_hungry I amI never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.A.WhateverB.WheneverC.WhereverD.However答案D考点此题考察连词的用法。解析 句意为：无论我是多么饥饿,我似乎永远都不能吃完这个面包。A 项“无论什么；B 项“无论在什么时候；C 项“无论在哪里；D 项“无论多么。08I used to love that film_I was a child,but I dont feel it that way any more.B.whenC.sinceD.although答案B考点此题考察连词的用法。解析句意为：当我还是一个小孩子的时候,我喜欢那部影片。when 引导时间状语从句A.once-优选-.表示“当的时候；C 项也可引导时间状语从句,但意思为“自从以来。08Did you return Freds callI didnt need to _Ill see him tomorrow.A.thoughB.unless答案D考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析因为 Ill see him tomorrow 是 I didnt need to 的原因,故该空格处用 because 表示原因。08Im sorry youve been waiting so long,but itll still be some time _ Brian gets back.A.before答案A考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析句意为:对不起让你久等了,但是还得再过一段时间 Brian 才回来。故空格处须用before 表示“在之前,直到才。08*Well have a piic in the park this Sunday _A.since答案C考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析句意为：我们这个星期天要去公园野餐,除非下雨或天气非常冷。unless 除非。08in the fields on a March afternoon,he could feel the warmth of spring.B.WalkingC.WalkedD.Having walkedB.ifit rains or its very cold.B.sinceC.tillD.afterC.whenD.becauseC.unlessD.untilA.To walk答案B考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析句意为：三月的一天下午他在田地里走时,能感觉到春天的温暖。此处应该用现在分词作伴随状语,表示 walk 与 feel 是伴随发生的动作。08Nancy enjoyed herself so muchshe visited her friends in Sydney last year.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where答案C考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。-优选-.解析句意为：Nancy 去年在悉尼拜访朋友时玩得很开心。when 引导时间状语从句。此题干扰性最强的是 A 项,so.that 引导结果状语从句,但根据语境,这里并没有因果关系的含义。08Youd better not leave the medicinekids can get at it.A.even if答案C考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析句意为：你最好不要把药放在孩子们能够到的地方。where 在句中引导地点状语从句。08Animals suffered at the hands of Man_they were destroyed by people to make way foragricultural land to provide food for more people.A.in whichB.for whichC.so thatD.in that答案D考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析in that 引导原因状语从句,意思是“因为。A、B 引导定语从句；C 项意为“以便,以致；结果是,引导目的和结果状语从句。根据前后的逻辑关系来看,前面是结果,后面是原因。07 全国I wont call you,A.unless答案A考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析 句意为：我不会给你打的,除非有无法预料的事情发生。unless 除非,相当于 if.not。07Wheres that reportI brought it to youA.ifyou were in Mr.Blacks office yesterday.C.becauseD.beforeB.whethersomething unexpected happens.C.becauseD.whileB.whichC.whereD.so thatB.when答案B考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析 句意为：那篇报告在哪儿呢？昨天当你在布莱克先生办公室的时候我带给你了。when 当时候。-优选-.07 Small sailboats can easily turn overin the water_they are notmanagedcarefully.A.thoughB.beforeC.untilD.if答案D考点此题考察连词的用法。解析句意为：如果小帆船没有被仔细掌控好的话,那么在水中就很容易被打翻。if 如果,引导条件状语从句。07*It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life_weve actually had that lesson.A.untilB.afterC.sinceD.when答案A考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析句意为：对我们来说在生活中得到启示是很难的,直到我们真正得到了那一启示。A 项为“直到；B 项为“在以后；C 项为“自从以来；D 项为“当的时候。07The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months;it will be a long time_we meet them again.A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.when答案B考点此题考察 before 引导的时间状语从句的用法。解析主句为将来时态,从句用一般现在时态表示将来。07He was told that it would be at least three more months_he could recover and return towork.A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.that答案B考点此题考察时间状语从句的引导词。解析由It+be+时间段+before 从句“要过多久才可知,此处用 before。句式“Itis/has been+时间段+since 从句,表示“自从以来已有。07We had to wait half an hour_we had already booked a table.A.sinceB.althoughC.untilD.before答案B-优选-.考点此题考察连词的用法。解析句意为：尽管我们已经预订了饭桌,但我们不得不等上半个小时。although 尽管,引导让步状语从句。07Most brids find it safe to sleep in the trees,butthey have eggs or young chicks,theydont use a nest.A.whyB.howC.unlessD.where答案C考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析句意为“大多数的鸟觉得在树上睡觉平安,但是除非它们有蛋或幼雏,否那么它们不会使用鸟巢。A、B、D 三项均不合题意。07when has the country been open to international trade1978,I suppose.A.Since答案A考点此题考察状语从句的引导词。解析句子时态为现在完成时,when 相当于下文的 1978,只有 since+过去某一时间点,句子才用现在完成时,应选 A 项。07My parents live in a small village.They always keep candles in the housepower out.A.ifB.unlessC.in caseD.so thatthere is aB.InC.FromD.After答案C考点此题考察连词的用法。解析句意为：我父母住在一个小村庄里。他们总是在家里存着蜡烛以防停电。in case 万一,以防,符合题意。07Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice,A.as ifB.now thatthey knew it to be valuable.D.so thatC.even though答案C考点此题考察连词的用法。解析句意为：他们中的许多人不听他的建议,尽管他们知道那很有价值。as if 好似；now-优选-.that 既然；even though 尽管；so that 结果是。07A.AsI really dont like art,I find his work impressive.B.SinceC.IfD.While答案D考点此题考察状语从句的