2020届广东省中山市第一中学高三英语下学期期末考试试题及参考答案.pdf
20202020 届广东省中山市第一中学高三英语下学期期末考试试题及参考答届广东省中山市第一中学高三英语下学期期末考试试题及参考答案案第一部分第一部分阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分4 40 0 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项A AConservation Volunteering in New ZealandWhether you are a student,professional or a retiree(退休者),anyone is welcome to make a difference andcontribute to protecting some of the most beautiful islands in the world.Choose a suitable city and travelout toyour conservation(保护)site to work with local people!Duration:1-12 weeksDates:Throughout the yearArrival day:FridayReturn day:FridayRequirement:General level of fitnessAge:18+What will I be doing?Volunteer in New Zealand and enjoy conserving the environment through activities such as:Tree plantingWalking trail constructionProtect native birds,insects,fish and penguinsSeed collectionWeed controlYou,and a group of up to 10 volunteers,will work under the guidance of a conservation team leader.Yourteam leader will give you regular safety instructions,inform you of the project aims and assist you with workingeffectively.No previous experience is necessary to join the project.All you need is a love of the environment and a fairlygood level of fitness to help out!1.Who can sign up for this conservation volunteering project?A.A retired maths teacher.B.A primary school student.C.A scientist with heart disease.D.A businessman in a wheelchair.2.What can you do on the volunteer trip?A.Protect cultural sites and go shopping.B.Enjoy local sightseeing and go fishing.C.Protect weeds and build roads.D.Collect seeds and plant trees.3.From which is the text probably taken?A.A history book.B.A travel magazine.C.A research paper.D.A novel.BCompared to dogs,cats are often considered to be aloof（冷漠的）with respect to their human owners.It isusual for them to be indifferent（无动于衷的）when humans calltheir names.Are we sure that they dontunderstand human voices at all?A recent study published in the journal of Scientific Reports suggests that weve been fooled.Japanesescientists found that cats can recognize their names if their owners regularly use them.In the study,scientistsrecruited 78 domestic cats.They played recordings of voices of their owners saying five words:the first four wordswere random nouns thatresembledtheir names while the final word was the cats name.Then they observed thecats responses,if there were any.Most of cats moved their ears or heads when they heard their names,while they made no response to otherwords.That suggested,“cats were paying attention to you,what you say and what you do,”John Bradshaw,anexpert on human-animal interactions（互动）at the University of Bristol,UK,told The Times.“And cats were just asgood as dogs at learning,”she added.In the study,when people called their names,cats often associated(联系)the words with rewards,suchas food or play,or with“punishments”such as having a bath or going to the vet.This made cats sensitive(敏感的)to words.After the cats had been called several times,they could respond to the words.But the scientists addedthat while dogs have evolved（进化）to follow their owners orders,cats have not.Although cats appear to bedistant,they do have special relationships with their owners.According to study co-author Atsuko Saito,cats have evolved not to show their emotions as a survivalmethod.One example is illness,which they tend to hide because“in the wild,no one can rescue them”andpredators(捕食性动物)are more likely to pay attention to them,Saito explained.However,technology may help bridge the communication gap between cats and us.There are now mobileapps available to explain what their meows mean.So,the next time you hear“meow,meow”,your cat may betelling you:“Hi,you havent cleaned my litter box recently.”4.What did the recent study find about cats?A.Cats can recognize their names.B.Cats are cleverer than dogs.C.Cats learn more slowly than dogs.D.Cats are willing to follow orders.5.What does the underlined word“resembled”in paragraph 2 probably mean?A.were limited toB.were different fromC.were similar toD.were away from6.Why do cats appear distant to their human owners?A.They associate words with punishments.B.They want to protect themselves from harm.C.They are not sensitive to the human voice.D.They dont pay much attention to their surroundings.7.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.It is difficult to understand cats meows.B.Interaction with your cats is very important.C.Cats do have good relationships with their owners.D.We may know cats better with the help of technology.CJapans prime minister encouraged the decision to ban viewers,even family members,by issuing a state ofemergency order in Tokyo earlier this month in response to rising COVID-19 case numbers.From the perspective of sports psychologists,an Olympics without fans is a real-life science experiment thatis helping researchers and clinicians to comb through the true impact of a crowd of fans on its playersand onviewers at home.The strange circumstances under which the games are held may place unexpected pressure onsome athletes.On Tuesday,superstar gymnast Simone Biles dropped out of the womens team event,tellingteammates and reporters she wasnt in the right“headspace”to compete.“Its been really stressful this OlympicGames.There are a lot of different variables going into it,”Biles told the Washington Post.The 2020 Summer Olympics bears similarities and differences to other major sporting events without viewers.The English Premier League supplemented(增加)game broadcasts with crowd noise from the soccer video gameFIFA 20,mixed with game audio in real time.A Taiwanese baseball team and German soccer team beganpopulating stands with cardboard cutouts of fans,and the trend caught on internationally.Jamey Houle,the lead sports psychologist for Ohio State University Athletics and a former Al-Americangymnast,says competitive athletes are trained in visualization imagining performing a certain action or motion,such as doing a roundoff back handspring in gymnastics.Without moving a muscle,players using visualization cansolidify neural(神经的)connections and activate their motor cortex(皮层).To visualize most effectively,Houlesays,athletes working with sports psychologists will try to simulate as closely as possible the conditions of actualgameplay.Empty stadiums may thus have a measurable impact on players performance.This phenomenon isgrounded in a psychological concept called“social facilitation”,referring to a change in a persons performancethat occurs when others are around compared to when a person is alone.8.What caused Biles to drop out of the womens team event?A.The poor physical condition.B.The absence of the audience.C.The fiercely competitive event.D.The influence of crowds of fans.9.What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A.The Taiwanese baseball team is a success.B.The tendency mentioned is popular among some sporting events.C.The 2020 Summer Olympics is stricter in preventing the pandemic.D.The crowd noise plays a leading role in the English Premier League.10.How does Houle explain the impact of empty stadiums on players performance?A.By doing a roundoff back handspring.B.By simulating the conditions of actual gameplay.C.By using the concept called social facilitation.D.By changing the viewers of a player.11.What message does the author mainly convey in the text?A.Athletes should be trained in visualization.B.Audience should be admitted to the Olympics.C.Social facilitation is helpful to sporting events.D.Viewers present may influence playersperformance.DAccording to the study posted onScienceDirect,gardening just two to three times a week increase thebenefits of better well-being as much as possible and lower stress levels.The research explored why residents engaged with gardening and the extent to which they recognized anyhealth benefits from the activity.A questionnaire was handed out electronically within theUK,with 5,766 gardeners and 249 non-gardenersresponding.Data was collected on factors including garden typology（类型学）,frequency of gardening andindividual awareness of health and well-being.This is the first time the dose response（剂量效应）to gardening has been tested and the evidence from thesurvey strongly suggests that the more frequently you garden,the greaterthe health benefits,said RoyalHorticultural Society(RHS)lead author Dr Lauriane Chalmin-Pui.In fact,gardening every day has the same positiveimpact on well-being than undertaking regular and powerful exercise like cycling or running.When gardening,our brains are pleasantly entertained by nature around us.Gardening takes our attentionaway from ourselves and our stresses,therefore,it helps restore our minds and reduce unfavorable feelings.Improving health,however,was not the main motive power to garden,but rather the direct pleasuregardening brought to the participants.Gardening is like effortless exercise because it doesnt feel as exhausting and hard as going to the gym,forexample,but we canexpendsimilar amounts of energy,Chalmin-Pui added.Most people say they garden for pleasure and enjoyment,so people who like gardening may be easy to beaddicted to it.However,this sometimes may become a piece of good news,from the aspect of mental health.Wehope all the millions of new gardeners will be getting their daily gardening and feeling all the better for it.Chalmin-Pui said in the interview.12.What can be inferred about gardening from the survey?A.Improving health is the aim of the participants.BGardening makes no difference to health.C.Health benefits from frequent gardening.D.Too much gardening always does harm to health.13.What does the underlined word expend mean in paragraph 7?A.Consume.B.Make use of.C.Increase.D.Save.14.Why do so many participantslike gardening?A.It isnt exhausting.B.It is good for health.C.It brings pleasure.D.It is like going to the gym.15.What is Chalmin-Puis attitude to the new gardeners gardening?A.Carefree.B.SupportiveC.Tolerant.D.Indifferent.第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1 10 0 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项We all know about the health benefits of swimming._16_If you dont mind getting wet,it can be funtoo.But who would enjoy swimming in freezing water?Well,many people are taking the plunge(跳入),based onevidence that it can actually be good for us._17_Jumping in gives a short sharp shock to the body,but many participants say they get used to it.Acold dip might wake you up,but research has found it can have much bigger benefits than that for your body andmind.As well as being good exercise,spending time outdoors and by water improves health._18_One man who suffered constant pain after surgery claimed he was cured by taking a plunge in coldopen water.And another swimmer said jumping in just felt amazing.But what is it that people all gaining from this experience?_19_However,the more you do it,yourreaction to stress is reduced.Its also thought to have a strong anti-inflammatory(抗炎症的)effect.But there arebiggerbenefitstothisstress-reducingexercise.Someexpertsbelievecold-waterswimminghelps“cross-adaptation”,where one form of stress prepares the body for another._20_So,if youre convinced that this is for you,take advice:approach it with caution,swim with a friend,andmaybe start in the summer,when the water temperatures are higher!A.It shapes your character.B.It offers a great workout for the body.C.Doctors say getting into cold water causes a stress response.D.Cold-water swimming usually involves swimming in natural areas.E.Scientists think that jumping into cold water can reduce your stress.F.For example,it also helps reduce the stress of exercising at high places.G.A research shows cold-water swimming has cured certain health conditions.第二部分第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分语言运用（共两节，满分4545 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项A woman professor was giving a lesson to her students on stress management.As she raised a glass of water,everyone in the class_21_they would be asked the“half-empty or half-full”question._22_,with a smile on her face,she asked the students,“How_23_do you think this glass of waterweighs?”Answers called out_24_from 100ml to 300ml.She quieted the students down and then replied,“It does not matter on the weight.It_25_on how longyou hold it.If I hold it for a minute,it is OK.If I hold it for an hour,I will have an ache in my right_26_.If I holdit for a day,my arm will feel numb.In each case,the_27_of the glass of water doesnt change,butthe_28_I hold it,the heavier it becomes.Why?”Lost in_29_,all the students kept silent and listened to the professor carefully.“Our_30_and worries in life are like that glass of water.If we_31_our burdens all the time,sooneror later,we will feel exhausted,even_32_to carry on._33_you have to do is put all your burdens down,as_34_in the evening as possible.Dontcarry_35_through the evening into the night;by doing this,we can get_36_next morning and are able tomove forward.More_37_than not,life gets terrible when we think too much.And the moment you_38_yourburdens,youll find yourself feeling so much more relaxed.So rather than being upset and feeling_39_for yourself,start doing something about it.After all,life istoo short to_40_yourself to anything that is not making you happy.21.A.wonderedB.agreedC.expectedD.argued22.A.InsteadB.MeanwhileC.AnyhowD.Therefore23.A.fullB.littleC.heavyD.much24.A.repliedB.rangedC.readD.remained25.A.holdsB.callsC.takesD.depends26.A.fingerB.footC.armD.leg27.A.shapeB.functionC.sizeD.weight28.A.betterB.longerC.deeperD.further29.A.thoughtB.ideaC.planD.class30.A.doubtsB.joysC.stressesD.surprises31.A.carryB.coverC.hideD.show32.A.uncertainB.unhappyC.unawareD.unable33.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhetherD.How34.A.lateB.earlyC.soonD.fast35.A.thisB.thatC.themD.it36.A.resetB.reviewedC.refreshedD.reminded37.A.usuallyB.commonlyC.ordinarilyD.often38.A.catch up withB.let go ofC.put up withD.take care of39.A.sorryB.satisfiedC.happyD.confused40.A.helpB.abandonC.driveD.treat第二节（共第二节（共 1 10 0 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 1515 分）分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Chinese painting has a history of more than 2,000 years.Chinese painting has three major kinds ofsubjects,_41._(include)birds and flowers,persons and sights of the countryside,mountains and sea.Chinese painting has much to do with the art of fine handwriting_42._(call)calligraphy(书法).Chinesepainters use black ink_43._(produce)different tones and a brush to make many kinds of lines.Even if theyadd color1,the ink drawing remains the basic_44._the design.In judging paintings,the Chinese pay moreattention to the brushwork than to_45._subject.Chinesepainting,alsoknownasthetraditionalnationalpainting,hasitsuniqueand_46._(independence)system in the worlds fine arts field.The traditional subjects are persons,sights,flowers and birds.They_47._(divide)into two different styles:one is Gong bi,or meticulous(细致的)painting.This traditional realistic style features the fine brushwork and close attention to detail;the other is Xie yi,orimpressionistpainting,_48._characteris
