反义疑问句详细讲解及习题及答案.pdf

反义疑问句详细讲解及习题及答案 Revised as of 23 November 2020反义疑问句一句型解释反义疑问句(The Disjunctive Question)：即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。1陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式2陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式She was ill yesterday,wasnt sheYou didnt go,did you二特殊的句型1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上 will you或 wont you 构成反意疑问句，用 will you 多表示“请求”，用 wont you 多表示提醒对方注意。例如：Let引导的祈使句有两种情况：1)Lets.,后的反意疑问句用 shall we或 shant we。例如：Lets go home,shall we/shant we 回家吧，好吗2)Let us/me.后的反意疑问句用 will you或 wont you。例如：Let me have a try,will you/wont you3）祈使句都用 will you 或 wont you2.当陈述部分含 I think(believe,suppose.)that.结构时，其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致，注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。例如：I dont think he willcome,will he若是非第一人称，则与主句的主语相一致He thinks that she will come,doesnt he反意疑问句的陈述部分为 I(We)dont think(believe,suppose,consider)+that 从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动词和主语仍与 that 从句保持一致且用肯定式。如：I dont think that you can do it,can you（不用 do I）We dont believe that the news is true,is it（不用 do we）反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said(told,reported,asked)+that 从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如：They said that you had finished your work,didnt they（不用 hadnt you）Kate told you that she would go there,didnt she（不用 wouldnt she）3.当反意疑问句的陈述部分为从句时，若主句主语为 I，反意部分的主语为从句主语;若不为 I，反义部分的主语为主句主语。I know your father is a worker,isnt heshe knows your father is a worker,doesnt she4.当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时：few,little,seldom，hardly,never,not,no,no one,nobody,nothing,none,neither等，其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。例如：Heis never late for school,is he5.当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的，其后的反意疑问句依然用否定结构。例如：It is unfair,isnt it 这不公平，是吧6陈述部分主、谓语是 I am.时，反意疑问句用 arent I,而不是 am not I(可用 am Inot)。例如：Im working now,arent I 我在工作，是吗7.陈述部分的主语是 everybody,everyone,anybody,anyone,somebody,someone,nobody,no one,none,neither 时,其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词 they。例如：Everyone is here,arent they 大家都到了，是吗No one knows about it,do they 没有人知道这件事，对吗8.陈述部分的主语是 everything,nothing,anything或 something 时，反意疑问句的主语应用代词 it。例如：Something is wrong with my radio,isnt it我的收音机出毛病了，是吧9.陈述部分的主语是指示代词 this 或 that 时，反意疑问句的主语用 it，当陈述部分的主语是指示代词 these 或 those时，其反意疑问句的主语用 they。例如：This is a plane,isnt it 这是一架飞机，是吗These are grapes，arent they 这些是葡萄，是吗10.陈述部分的主语是不定代词 one时，反意疑问句的主语可以用 one，也可用 you。例如：One should be ready to help others,shouldnt one每个人都应该乐于助人，是吧11.当陈述部分谓语动词是 need,dare,且这些词被用作实义动词时，其反意疑问句需用do 的适当形式。例如：He needs help,doesnt he 他需要帮助，是吗12.当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时，反意疑问句的主语应该用 it。例如：What you need is more important,isnt it你需要的东西更重要，是吧(has)不是表示“有”的意思，并在句中做谓语时，其反意疑问句的助动词要用 do,does,did。例如：They had a meeting just now，didnt they他们刚才开了个会，是吗15.陈述部分有 have to 时，其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。例如：You have to water the vegetables every day,dont youYou had to water the vegetables every day,didnt youused to stay up late,usednt he/didnt he17.陈述部分是 there be句型时，其反意疑问句中要用 there。There was a hospital here,wasnt there18.陈述部分有 had better 时，反意疑问句中要用 hadnt。例如：Wed better go to school at once,hadnt weHed rather go home,wouldnt he19.当陈述部分含有情态动词 must 时，我们便要分析一下 must 的含义。如果 must 作“一定；要；必须”讲，反意疑问句须用 mustnt 或 neednt；而当 must 作推测意义“一定是；必定”讲时，反意疑问句则需根据 must 后的动词原形选用相应的形式。例如：He must work hard at physics,mustnt he他必须努力学物理，是吧Tom must be at home，isnt he 汤姆一定在家，是吧He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday,didnt he（不用 mightnt he/hasnt he）You must have got up late this morning,didnt you（不用 mustnt you/havent you）20.反意疑问句的回答用 yes，no，但是，回答意思相反,当陈述部分是否定形式时，回答要按事实。例如：They dont work hard,do theyYes,they do.不，他们工作努力。/No,they dont.对，他们工作不努力。反意疑问句的陈述部分为 I am时，问句部分习惯上用 arent I表示。如：I am a very honest man,arent I反意疑问句二反意疑问句是英语四大问句之一，它是由一个陈述句加上一个短问句而构成的。反意疑问句的基本构成形式是：陈述句+动词（肯定或否定）+主语如：She often has lunch at school,doesnt she You dont like sports,do you一、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：肯定+否定 否定+肯定如：You cant do it,can you They are very late for the meeting,arent they二、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。如：He has supper at home every day,doesnt he（不能用 hasnt he）They have known the matter,havent they（不能用 dont they）三、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。如：They will go to town soon,wont they（不能用 dont they 或 arent they）He works very hard,doesnt he（不能用 didnt he 或 wont he）四、反意疑问句的陈述部分带有 little,few,never,hardly,seldom 等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如：She never tells a lie,does she（不用 doesnt she）He was seldom late,was he（不用 wasnt he）五、反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由 un-,im-,in-,dis-,等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。如：Your father is unhappy,isnt he（不能用 is he）The man is dishonest,isnt he（不能用 is he）六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为 I am时，问句部分习惯上用 arent I 表示。如：I am a very honest man,arent I八、反意疑问句的陈述部分为 I(We)dont think(believe,suppose,consider)+that 从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动词和主语仍与 that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如：I dont think that you can do it,can you（不用 do I）We dont believe that the news is true,is it（不用 do we）九、反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语+think(believe,suppose,consider)+that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如：They all think that English is very important,dont they（不用 isnt it）He didnt think that the news was true,did he（不用 wasnt/was it）十、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said(told,reported,asked)+that 从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如：They said that you had finished your work,didnt they（不用 hadnt you）Kate told you that she would go there,didnt she（不用 wouldnt she）十一、陈述部分的主语为不定代词 something,anything,nothing,everything 时，问句部分的主语用 it。如：Something is wrong with the computer,isnt itNothing has happened to them,has it十二、陈述部分的主语为不定代词 somebody(someone),anybody(anyone),nobody(noone),everybody(everyone)时，问句部分的主语用 he 或 they，这时问句动词的数应和he 或 they 一致。如：Someone has taken the seat,hasnt heEveryone has done their best in the game,havent they十三、陈述部分为 Let me时，问句部分习惯上用 shall I 或 will you 形式。如：Let me have a try,shall I(will you)十四、陈述部分为 Let us时，问句部分习惯上用 will you 陈述部分为 Lets时，问句部分习惯上用 shall we 如：Let us stop to rest,will youLets go home together,shall we十六、陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时，问句部分一般用 will you 形式表示请求，用 wont you形式表示委婉请求或邀请。如：Do sit down,wont you/will you Jim,you feed the bird today,will youPlease open the window,will you(wont you)十七、陈述部分为否定祈使句时，问句部分一般用 will you 如：Dont make any noise,will you十八、陈述部分为 There(Here)+be+主语时，问句部分用动词+there(here)。如：There are two cakes on the plate,arent thereHere is a story about Mark Twain,isnt here十九、陈述部分用 had better+原形动词表示建议时，问句部分用 hadnt+主语。Youd better tell him about the matter,hadnt youWe had better do it by ourselves,hadnt we二十、陈述部分用 used to+主语时，问句部分用 didnt+主语或 usedntHe used to live in the country,didnt he/usednt heThey used to be good friends,didnt they/usednt they二十一、陈述部分用 must(may,might)+have+V-ed 表示推测时，若句中带有明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用过去时形式。如：He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday,didnt he（不用 mightnt he/hasnt he）You must have got up late this morning,didnt you（不用 mustnt you/havent you）二十二、陈述部分用 must(may,might)+have+V-ed 表示推测时，若句中没有带明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用现在完成时形式。如：Everyone must have known the death of the waitress,havent they（不用 mustntthey）You must have worked there a year ago,didnt you（不用 mustnt you/havent you）二十三、陈述部分的主语为从句时，问句部分的主语一般用 it 代替，如：What he said is true,isnt it（不用 didnt he）Where we will build the dam has not been decided yet,has it（不用 wont we）二十四、陈述部分的主语为动名词或不定式时，问句的主语用 it 代替。如：To do one good deed is easy for a person,isnt itSkating is your favorite sport,isnt it反意疑问句考点反意疑问句是高考重要考点,其构成形式是肯定+否定和否定+肯定,但也有一些特例。本文结合高考试题,对反意疑问句的易考点进行归纳。1.陈述句部分的谓语是 be,had better 或情态动词等时,反意疑问句仍用这些动词。原题再现Bills aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal,_A.isnt it B.is it C.isnt he D.is he答案:A2.陈述部分的谓语是 have 时,若 have 作有解,反意疑问部分用 have(has)或 do(does)的肯定或否定式;若 have作使役动词,则只能用 do(does,did)的适当形式进行反问。原题再现His wife had the front door painted green yesterday,_sheA.did B.had C.didnt D.hadnt答案:C3.陈述部分含有 no,never,seldom,hardly,few,little,nowhere,nothing 等否定意义的词时,反意疑问部分用肯定形式;但陈述部分若使用含有否定意义的前缀或后缀的词时,反意疑问部分仍然使用否定形式。原题再现He seldom has lunch at school,_A.hasnt he B.has he C.doesnt he D.does he答案:DThey dislike English,dont they 他们不喜欢英语，不是吗4、含有下列情态动词时构成的反意疑问句形式 a、陈述句有 had better 时，问句中用 had (hadnt)。Youd better go home now,hadnt youb、陈述句中有 must 表示“必须”时问句用 neednt 或 mustntYou must do your homework,mustnt you/neednt youWe mustnt go home,must(need)wec、must 表示“推测”时，问句中则不能用情态动词，而需要用其它形式。如：She must be in the room,isnt sheYou must have been to Shanghai,havent you原题再现There is no light in the dormitory.They must have gone to the lecture,_A.didnt they B.dont they C.mustnt they D.havent they答案:D5.陈述部分的主语是 everyone,everybody,anyone,anybody,someone,no one 等不定代词时,其疑问部分的主语可根据句子的内涵选用 he或 they。例如:Everyone knows his job,doesnt heEveryone had lent you a hand when you were in trouble,hadnt they6.陈述部分的主语是 something,anything,everything,nothing 等不定代词,其疑问部分的主语一般用 it。例如:Everything is ready,isnt itNothing goes well,does it7.陈述部分是 there be 句型时,反意疑问部分用.there。原题再现Theres not much news in todays paper,_A.isnt it B.are thereC.is there D.arent there答案:C8.陈述部分谓语含有 used to 时,反意疑问部分可用 usednt,也可用 didnt;陈述部分含有ought to时,反意疑问部分可用 oughtnt 或 shouldnt 两种形式。例如:Tom used to make fun of Peter,usednt/didnt heWe ought to learn the law knowledge by heart,oughtnt/shouldnt we9.陈述部分的主语是 this,that,不定式短语、动名词短语或从句时,反意疑问部分的主语用 it;陈述部分的主语是 these,those 时,反意疑问部分的主语用 they。例如:This is a most wonderful place,isnt itLearning a foreign language well takes a long time,doesnt itThat they are close friends doesnt seem true,does it10.陈述部分的主语后有同位语从句或定语从句修饰时,反意疑问部分仍应对主句主语进行反问。原题再现The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him,_A.did they B.di dnt they C.did it D.didnt it答案:D11.陈述部分为含有宾语从句的主从复合句时,通常要对主句主语进行反问;但若陈述部分是I(dont)think/suppose/believe/imagine/expect 等+宾语从句时,要对宾语从句的主语进行反问,同时要注意否定转移现象。原题再现I dont suppose anyone will volunteer,_A.do I B.dont I C.will they D.wont they答案:C12.陈述部分为祈使句时,不论祈使句是肯定形式还是否定形式,反意疑问部分通常用will you;但 Lets引起的祈使句的反意疑问句部分通常用 shall we。原题再现If you want help-money or anything,let me know,_ youA.dont B.will C.shall D.do答案:B 13、陈述句部分是I wish句型时，附加问句部分用 may I。例如：I wish I were you,may I 我希望我是你，可以吗I wish her to come here,may I 我希望她到这儿来，可以吗预测题 says a word about the incident,_A.is heB.doesnt he C.do theyD.dont they never told me why you were late for the class,_A.werent youB.didnt you C.had you D.did you dare not call you a fool,_A.would they B.dared they C.dares they D.dare theyis not much news in todays paper,_A.isnt it B.are there C.is thereD.arent there manager came here in a car,_A.was he B.did heC.wasnt he must have arrived there yesterday,_A.have she B.must sheC.didnt sheshe hardly ever goes to parties,_A.doesnt he B.do he C.does he a lovely day,_A.doesnt itB.isnt itC.shant it me do it,_A.shall I B.shall weC.will you he did was right,_A.did he B.was itC.didnt itD.didnt heD.mustnt D.is heD.hasnt it D.will I D.was he used to be a church behind the cemetery,_A.didnt there B.used thereC.usednt itD.didnt it must be in the library now,_A.doesnt heB.mustnt heC.neednt heD.isnt he would rather not have fish,_ youA.hadntB.wouldnt C.would D.had are not a new member,are you -_.I joined only yesterday.A.No,Im notB.Yes,Im not C.No,I am D.Yes,I am sister often needs help with her study,_A.need sheB.neednt she C.does sheD.doesntshed better send for a doctor for your mother,_ youA.hadB.hadnt C.would D.wouldnts go swimming,_A.arent we B.shall we C.will youD.wont weMing cant be in the classroom,_A.can he B.is heC.cant he D.must he ought to have looked after his father,_A.oughtnt he B.ought he not toC.oughtnt he to have nothing to do with the matter,_A.have I B.has it C.do I D.does it was in good heath when I saw him last time,_A.wasnt heB.didnt heC.hadnt he had his hair cut yesterday afternoon,_A.havent heB.didnt heC.hadnt hehe of the pupils attended the sports meet,_A.did they B.do theyC.didnt theyd like to go with you,_A.had IB.wouldnt IC.hadnt ID.hasnt heD.hasntD.dont they D.would ID.oughtnt to he is the third time that John has been late,_A.hasnt heB.isnt heC.isnt itD.hasnt it suppose he is serious,_A.do IB.dont I C.is heD.isnt he dislikes this skirt,_A.doesnt she B.does sheC.isnt she D.is shemustnt tell it to your mother,_A.must you B.do you C.need you D.will you have to face the difficulty,_A.havent theyB.dont they C.do they D.must they man in blue must be your brother,_A.mustnt heB.neednt heC.isnt he D.is he答案与提示：当陈述部分中的主语为 everybody,everyone,someone,no one,nobody,somebody等不定代词时，反意疑问句部分中的主语常用 they。且陈述部分为否定意义的词nobody,反意疑问部分应用肯定形式。当陈述部分是主从复合句时，反意疑问部分中的动词和主语代词通常应和主句中的动词和主语保持一致。当陈述部分中含有情态动词 dare 时，反意疑问部分也应用情态动词 dare（没有人称和数的变化）陈述句部分含有 not,是否定式，所以反意疑问部分应用肯定式。而且当陈述部分是 there be结构时，反意疑问部分用 there,省略主语代词。当陈述部分的动词是行为动词时，而且前面又没有任何助动词时，这时的疑问部分要用 do/does/did。如果 must have done 句式中的时间状语为表示过去的时间的词，如 lastyear,yesterday,the day before yesterday 等，反意疑问部分常用 didnt+主语。如果陈述部分已有表示否定意义的副词，如 never,nothing,seldom,rarely,hardly 等时，反意疑问部分应用肯定形式。当陈述句部分为感叹句时，反意疑问句部分常用否定形式，且问句部分的动词常用 be。当陈述部分是祈使句时，反意疑问部分常用 will you。当陈述部分的主语是 everything,anything,nothing,something 等表物的不定代词时，反意疑问部分的主语常用 it。当陈述部分是 there be结构时，反意疑问部分用 there,省略主语代词。当陈述部分含有情态动词 used to时，反意疑问部分可用 used to形式或 did 形式。所以此空应填 didnt there 或 usednt there。must/may/cant+do 表示对现在情况的推测，反意疑问部分用一般现在时。Hemust be in the library now.相当于 I think he is in the library now.当陈述句部分含 had better/best,would like to,would rather 等约定俗成特殊短语时，反意疑问部分应保留第一个词。如此题中的陈述部分含有 would rather 的否定式，则反意疑问部分用 would。反意疑问句的答语应根据实际情况来回答，如果事实是肯定的，前面要用 yes,否则用 no。回答中的肯定否定关系可以用下面这个公式表示：（表示肯定，表示否定）问句中：，或，回答中：，或，陈述句部分含有实义动词 needs,所以反意疑问部分要用助动词 doesnt。当陈述部分有 had better 时，反意疑问部分应用 hadnt。当陈述部分是祈使句时，反意疑问部分常用 will you.但以 Lets 开头的祈使句，反意疑问部分常用 shall we.以 Let us开头的祈使句，反意疑问部分常用 will you。当陈述部分含有情态动词 must,may,cant,且表示推测时，反意疑问部分不能用 must,may,cant 自身，应和后面的实义动词保持一致.Ling Ming cant be in theclassroom.相当于：I dont think Li Ming is in the classroom.当陈述部分含有情态动词 ought to时，反意疑问部分常用 oughtnt。本题中的陈述部分中的 have 是实义动词，不作“有”解，所以反意疑问部分应需借助助动词 do,does,did 等来完成。当陈述部分是主从复合句时，反意疑问部分中的动词和主语代词通常应和主句中的动词和主语保持一致。此题的主句是：He was in good health.本题中的陈述部分中的 had 是实义动词，不作“有”解，所以反意疑问部分应需借助助动词 did 来完成。当陈述部分的主语是 everybody,everyone,someone,none,nobody,somebody 等不定代词时，反意疑问句部分中的主语常用 they。本题中的陈述句部分用的一般过去时态。当陈述部分中有 would like 时，反意疑问部分应用 wouldnt。当陈述句部分是强调句或类似强调句的结构时，反意疑问部分常和句首的 Itis/was 保持一致。当陈述部分的主句是 I suppose,I think,I believe,I imagine 等结构时，反意疑问部分往往与从句保持一致，而且要注意否定转移。当陈述部分中含有 im,in,dis,un 等否定前缀或 less 等否定后缀时，应把陈述部分看成是肯定的，反意疑问部分要用否定式。当陈述部分含有情态动词 mustnt表示“禁止”时，反意疑问部分常用 must。当陈述部分含有 have，而且 have作“有”解时，反意疑问部分用 have/has 或借助助动词 do,does,did 等来完成；如果陈述部分中的 have是实义动词，则反意疑问部分应需借助助动词 do,does,did 等来完成。本题陈述部分中的 have to（不得不）为实义动词，所以反意疑问部分不能用 havent。当陈述部分是 must，may,cant,且表示推测时，反意疑问部分不能用 must,may,cant 自身，应和后面的实义动词保持一致.本题中的陈述部分 The man in bluemust be your brother 相当于：I think the man in blue is your brother.反意疑问句练习二1.I suppose the shoes will last you at least one year,_A.wont theyB.will they C.do I D.dont2.Everyone is surprised at the news,_A,is he B.are they C.arent they D.is not he3.-You will come to have dinner with us,wont you-_ A.Excuse me,I wont.B.I havent been there.C.You are welcome.D.Yes.Thats very nice of you.4.Tom isnt a hard-working student,for it is the third time he has been late,_A.wasnt it B.hasnt it C.isnt it D.hasnt he5.You dont have to go school on Sundays,_ you A.have B.do C.should D.would6.I dont think he had his supper at the school,_A.had he B.did he C.do I D.dont youdont think hed like to take such a difficult job,_A.had he B.would he C.do I D.dont you8.I dont think her passports gone,_A.is it B.has she C.do I D.dont you9.Do pay attention to my work and keep your eyes open all the time,_A.will you B.dont you C.shall we D.wont we10.All the drivers disl