最新初中英语一般过去时.pdf

初中英语一般过去时初中英语一般过去时一一 般般 过过 去去 时时 讲讲 解解 与与 练练 习习定义定义表示的是：某个动作作发生在过去的时间里，并且这个表示的是：某个动作作发生在过去的时间里，并且这个动作已经完成了。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：动作已经完成了。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year,yesterdaylast year,yesterday等；等；也可表示过去经常反复发生的动也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和作，常和 often,alwaysoften,always 等频率副词连用。等频率副词连用。一、巧记一般过去时：一、巧记一般过去时：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；bebe 用用 waswas或用或用 were,have,haswere,have,has 变变 hadhad；谓语动词过去式，谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；过去时间作标志；一般动词加一般动词加-ed-ed，假设是特殊得硬记。假设是特殊得硬记。否认句很简单，主语之后否认句很简单，主语之后 didndidntt 添；添；疑问句也不难，疑问句也不难，diddid 放在主语前；放在主语前；不不含含 bebe 动词时动词时如果谓语之前有如果谓语之前有 diddid，谓语动词需复原；，谓语动词需复原；动词假设是动词假设是 was,were,was,were,否认就把否认就把 notnot 添。添。含含 bebe 动词时动词时2 2疑问句也不难，要把疑问句也不难，要把 waswas，werewere 放在主语前。放在主语前。bebe 的一般过去时：学习动词的一般过去时：学习动词 bebe 的一般过去时，下的一般过去时，下面有一口诀，它可以帮你们更好地掌面有一口诀，它可以帮你们更好地掌握动词握动词 bebe 的一般过去时。的一般过去时。bebe 的过去时有四巧：的过去时有四巧：一是时间状语巧，一是时间状语巧，表示过去的短语要记牢；表示过去的短语要记牢；二是形式巧，单数二是形式巧，单数 waswas，复数，复数 werewere；三巧是否认句结构，三巧是否认句结构，notnot 紧跟紧跟 waswaswerewere；四是疑问句式巧，四是疑问句式巧，waswaswerewere 向前跑向前跑(提前提前)。【一巧】时间状语即标志词巧。一般过去时表【一巧】时间状语即标志词巧。一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，恰巧与表示过去的一示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，恰巧与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。些时间状语连用。yesterday 或以其构成的短语：1.1.yesterdayyesterdaymorning(afternoon,evening)morning(afternoon,evening)等；等；由“由“last+一时间名词 构成的短语：构成的短语：2.2.last night,last year(winter,month,last night,last year(winter,month,【二巧】【二巧】形式巧。形式巧。它与一般现在时一样，它与一般现在时一样，形式多样：形式多样：3 34 4Were you at home the day before yesterdayWere you at home the day before yesterday 前前天你在家吗？天你在家吗？Was she late this morningWas she late this morning今天今天早上她迟到了吗？早上她迟到了吗？更巧的是疑问句的答语也相似，肯定答复用更巧的是疑问句的答语也相似，肯定答复用“Yes,“Yes,主语主语waswaswerewere；否否 认认 答答 复复 用用“No,“No,主语主语wasntwasntwerentwerent。例如：例如：Were Wei Hua and Han Mei hereWere Wei Hua and Han Mei herejust nowjust now 刚刚魏华和韩梅在这儿吗？刚刚魏华和韩梅在这儿吗？Yes,they wereYes,they were(No,they werent(No,they werent)是的，她们在。是的，她们在。不，她们不在。不，她们不在。一般过去时主要是通过谓语动词的变化来表示的。一般过去时主要是通过谓语动词的变化来表示的。英语中每种时态都要求谓语动词进行相应的变化。在一英语中每种时态都要求谓语动词进行相应的变化。在一般过去时里，要求谓语动词用动词“过去式。般过去时里，要求谓语动词用动词“过去式。原形动词变为过去式，可以概括为两类：一类是规那么原形动词变为过去式，可以概括为两类：一类是规那么的变化，另一类是不规那么的变化。的变化，另一类是不规那么的变化。1.1.规那么变化的动词过去式规那么变化的动词过去式5 5规那么变化的动词过去式规那么变化的动词过去式(1)(1)在词尾加在词尾加 eded 或或 d d英语中大局部动词过去式都是规那么变化的，即在动词英语中大局部动词过去式都是规那么变化的，即在动词后加上后加上 eded；如果结尾字母是不发音的；如果结尾字母是不发音的 e e，那么只要加上，那么只要加上一个一个 d d 就行了。例如：就行了。例如：work-workedwork-workedclean-cleanedclean-cleanedplay-playedplay-playeddecide-decideddecide-decidedlive-livedlive-livedlove-lovedlove-loved(2)(2)以辅音字母以辅音字母+y+y 结尾的，变结尾的，变 y y 为为 i i 加加 ededstudy-studiedstudy-studiedhurry-hurriedhurry-hurriedcarry-carriedcarry-carried(3)(3)以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母再加以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母再加 ededstop-stoppedstop-stoppeddrop-droppeddrop-dropped2.2.不规那么变化的动词过去式不规那么变化的动词过去式不规那么变化是指过去式不能加不规那么变化是指过去式不能加 eded，用另外一个词来表用另外一个词来表示。这样的不规那么过去式也有很多，只有靠一个一个示。这样的不规那么过去式也有很多，只有靠一个一个去记忆了。例如：去记忆了。例如：is/am-wasis/am-wasare-wereare-werehave/has-hadhave/has-hadshall-shouldshall-shouldwill-wouldwill-wouldcan-couldcan-couldmay-may-mightmightgo-wentgo-wentcome-camecome-cametake-tooktake-tooksit-satsit-satsay-saidsay-saidget-gotget-gotswim-swamswim-swamrun-ranrun-ranwrite-wrotewrite-wrotesing-sangsing-sangtell-toldtell-told6 6speak-spokespeak-spokebegin-beganbegin-beganbreak-brokebreak-broke不规那么变化中，还有少数词的过去式与原形动词完成不规那么变化中，还有少数词的过去式与原形动词完成相同；相同；readread 的过去式只是读音改变了。例如：的过去式只是读音改变了。例如：cut-cutcut-cutput-putput-putlet-letlet-letread-read redread-read redkeep-keptkeep-keptfeel-feltfeel-feltsleep-slept sweep-sweptsleep-slept sweep-sweptbuild-builtbuild-builtlend-lentlend-lentsend-sentsend-sentspend-spentspend-spentring-rangring-rangsit-satsit-satdrink-drankdrink-dranksing-sangsing-sangswim-swswim-swamamthink-thoughtthink-thought buy-boughtbuy-bought bring-broughtbring-brought fight-foughfight-fought tteach-taughtteach-taught catch-caughtcatch-caughtknow-knewknow-knew grow-grewgrow-grew throw-threwthrow-threw draw-drewdraw-drew3.3.规那么动词过去式的读音规那么动词过去式的读音在清辅音在清辅音p k f sp k f s 等后，等后，eded 要读要读tt。例如：例如：worked,worked,finishedfinished在元音或浊辅音在元音或浊辅音b g v z mb g v z m 等后，等后，eded 要读要读dd。例。例如：如：lived,calledlived,called在在tt或或dd后，后，eded 读读idid。例如：。例如：startedstarted，neededneeded一般过去时一般过去时-疑问句型疑问句型过去时的一般疑问句可以分为两类。过去时的一般疑问句可以分为两类。7 71.was/were,1.was/were,它们的一般疑问句是将它们的一般疑问句是将 was/were,was/were,移到主语前面，否认移到主语前面，否认句是直接在它们后面加上句是直接在它们后面加上 notnot。例如：。例如：He was very busy last Friday.He was very busy last Friday.He wasnt very busy last Friday.He wasnt very busy last Friday.WasWas hehe veryvery busybusy lastlast Friday?Friday?Yes,Yes,hehe was.was./No,No,hehewasnwasn t t2.2.实义动词实义动词实义动词过去式的一般疑问句，是在主语前加上实义动词过去式的一般疑问句，是在主语前加上 diddid；否认句是在谓语动词前加上否认句是在谓语动词前加上 did notdid not，并将谓语动词改为并将谓语动词改为动词原形。请注意：过去时不分人称和单复数，都是加动词原形。请注意：过去时不分人称和单复数，都是加diddid 或或 did notdid not。例如：例如：Li Ming studied English this morning.Li Ming studied English this morning.DidDid LiLi MingMing studystudy EnglishEnglish thisthis morningmorning？Yes,Yes,hehe did.did./No,he didnt./No,he didnt.Li Ming didnt study English this morning.Li Ming didnt study English this morning.We often played badminton together.We often played badminton together.Did you play badminton together?Yes,we did./No,weDid you play badminton together?Yes,we did./No,wedidnt.didnt.We didnt play badminton together.We didnt play badminton together.其次，其次，hadhad 作为实义动词的话，加作为实义动词的话，加 diddid 或或 did not.did not.8 8例如：例如：They had a meeting last Friday.They had a meeting last Friday.Did they have a meeting last Friday?Yes,they did.No,Did they have a meeting last Friday?Yes,they did.No,they didnt.they didnt.They didnt have a meeting last Friday.They didnt have a meeting last Friday.3.3.过去时的特殊疑问句过去时的特殊疑问句How did you find the job?I found it in the newspaper.How did you find the job?I found it in the newspaper.这这工作你是怎么知道的？我从报纸上看到的。工作你是怎么知道的？我从报纸上看到的。一般现在时要和现在的时间相联系，而一般过去时和说一般现在时要和现在的时间相联系，而一般过去时和说话的“现在没有联系。话的“现在没有联系。His father is a film director.His father is a film director.他父亲是电影导演。他父亲是电影导演。(他现他现在还是在还是)HisHis fatherfather waswas a a filmfilm director.director.他他父父亲亲曾曾是是电电影影导导演。演。(他现在不是他现在不是)HowHow dodo youyou likelike thethe novel?novel?你觉得这部小说怎么样？你觉得这部小说怎么样？(还在看小说还在看小说)HowHow diddid youyou likelike thethe novel?novel?你觉得这部小说怎么你觉得这部小说怎么样？样？(已看完小说已看完小说)一般过去时一般过去时-句型口诀句型口诀一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。9 9否认句很简单，否认句很简单，didntdidnt 站在动词原形前，其它局部不要站在动词原形前，其它局部不要变。变。一般疑问句也好变，一般疑问句也好变，diddid 放在句子前，主语、动词原形、放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它局部依次站。其它局部依次站。特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。【课堂练习】【课堂练习】一、写出以下动词的过去式一、写出以下动词的过去式二、用二、用 bebe 动词的适当形式填空动词的适当形式填空1.I _ an English teacher now.1.I _ an English teacher now.2.She _ happy yesterday.2.She _ happy yesterday.1010isam_isam_fly_fly_plant_plant_areare_ drink_drink_play_play_go_go_makemake_putputworry_worry_throwthrowaskask_does_does_ dance_dance_ taste_taste_ eat_eat_draw_draw_kick_kick_ pass_pass_do _do _3.They _ glad to see each other last month.3.They _ glad to see each other last month.4.Helen and Nancy _ good friends.4.Helen and Nancy _ good friends.5.The little dog _ two years old this year.5.The little dog _ two years old this year.6.Look,there _ lots of grapes here.6.Look,there _ lots of grapes here.7.There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.7.There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8.8.TodayToday _ thethe secondsecond ofof June.June.YesterdayYesterday_ the first of June.It _ Childrens Day.All the_ the first of June.It _ Childrens Day.All thestudents _ very excited.students _ very excited.三、用所给动词的适当形式填空三、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.I _(watch)a cartoon on Saturday.1.I _(watch)a cartoon on Saturday.2.2.HerHer fatherfather _(read)(read)a a newspapernewspaper lastlastnight.night.3.We _ to zoo yesterday,we _ to the3.We _ to zoo yesterday,we _ to thepark.(go)park.(go)4._ you _(visit)your relatives last Spring4._ you _(visit)your relatives last SpringFestival?Festival?5._ he _(fly)a kite on Sunday?Yes,he5._ he _(fly)a kite on Sunday?Yes,he_._.6.Gao Shan _(pull)up carrots last National6.Gao Shan _(pull)up carrots last NationalDay holiday.Day holiday.7.7.I I _(sweep)(sweep)thethe floorfloor yesterday,yesterday,butbut mymy1111mother _.mother _.8.8.What _What _ sheshe _(find)(find)in the gardenin the gardenlast morning?last morning?She _(find)a beautiful butterfly.She _(find)a beautiful butterfly.9.It _(be)Bens birthday last Friday9.It _(be)Bens birthday last Friday10.10.10.10.WeWe allall _(have)(have)a a goodgood timetime lastlastnight.night.四、四、改错题改错题1 1How is Jane yesterday?_How is Jane yesterday?_2 2 HeHegogototoschoolschoolbybybusbuslastlastweek.week._3 3 HeHeoftenoftengoesgoeshomehomeatat6:006:00lastlastmonth.month._4 4I I5 5cancanDidDidflyflyyouyouwasntwasntdidntdidntkiteskitessawsawwatchwatchsevensevenhimhimTVTVyearsyearsjustjustlastlastago.ago.now.now.night.night._6 6TomTom7 7I I_mymyhomeworkhomeworkyesyesterday.terday._12128 8 HeHe9 9waitwaitWhoWhoforforfindfindyouyouit itthreethreejustjusthourshoursnownowago.ago.?_10.What10.Whatmakemakehimhimcrycry(哭哭)justjustnow?now?_【课后练习】【课后练习】1 1、单项选择：单项选择：从以下各题后所给的四个选项中选择从以下各题后所给的四个选项中选择最正确答案填空。最正确答案填空。()1)1 My fatherMy fatherill yesterdayill yesterdayA A isntisntB B arentarentC C wasntwasntD D werentwerent()2)2your parents at home last weekyour parents at home last weekA A Is IsB B WasWasC C AreAreD D WereWere()3)3 TheThetwinstwins inin DalianDalianlastlastyearyear TheyTheyhere nowhere nowA Aare;wereare;wereB Bwere;arewere;areC Cwas;was;1313areareD D were;waswere;was()4)4 your father at work the dayyour father at work the dayyesterday(yesterday(前天前天A AWas;Was;beforebeforeB BIs;Is;beforebeforeC C Was;afterWas;afterD D Is;afterIs;after()5)5 Who was on duty last FridayWho was on duty last FridayA A I amI amB B I wasI wasC C Yes,IYes,IwaswasD D No,I wasntNo,I wasnt()6.)6.I cleaned my classroom _.I cleaned my classroom _.A Awith three hourswith three hoursB Bthree hoursthree hoursagoagoC Cin three hoursin three hoursD Dthree hoursthree hoursbeforebefore()7.I came _ my house two days ago.)7.I came _ my house two days ago.A Aback onback onB Bback toback toC CtotobackbackD Dbackback()8.8._?_?HeHe diddid somesome readingreading atathome.home.A What does your father do yesterday eveningA What does your father do yesterday eveningB What does your brother do in the schoolB What does your brother do in the schoolC What did your brother do over the weekendC What did your brother do over the weekend1414D DWhere did your brother go last SundayWhere did your brother go last Sunday()9.9.WhatWhat diddid youyou dodo _?I I wentwent toto thethemovies.movies.A A nextnext morningmorningBoverBover thethe weekendweekendC Cininthe weekendthe weekendD next MondayD next Monday()10.10.TheThe koalakoala sleepssleeps _，butbut getsgets upup_._.A Aduringduringthetheday;day;atatthetheeveningeveningB Bat day;during nightat day;during nightC Cin the day;during the eveningin the day;during the eveningD Dduring the day;at nightduring the day;at night二、请用正确动词形式填空。二、请用正确动词形式填空。1.I _(have)an exciting party last weekend.1.I _(have)an exciting party last weekend.2.2._ sheshe _(practice)_(practice)herher guitarguitaryesterday?yesterday?No,she _.No,she _.3.3.WhatWhat _ TomTom _(do)(do)onon SaturdaySaturdayevening?evening?HeHe _(watch)_(watch)TVTV andand _(read)_(read)ananinteresting book.interesting book.4.They all _(go)to the mountains yesterday4.They all _(go)to the mountains yesterdaymorning.morning.5.She _(not visit)her aunt last weekend.5.She _(not visit)her aunt last weekend.1515SheShe _(stay)(stay)atat homehome andand _(do)_(do)some cleaning.some cleaning.6.When _ you _(write)this song?I6.When _ you _(write)this song?I_(write)it last year._(write)it last year.7.My friend,Carol,_(study)for the math test7.My friend,Carol,_(study)for the math testand _(practice)English last night.and _(practice)English last night.8.8._ Mr.Mr.LiLi _(do)_(do)thethe projectproject ononMonday morning?Yes,he _.Monday morning?Yes,he _.9.9.HowHow_(be)_(be)JimsJimsweekend?weekend?It It_(be not)bad._(be not)bad.10.10._(be)(be)youryour mothermother a a salessales assistantassistant lastlastyear?No.she _.year?No.she _.三、翻译以下句子三、翻译以下句子1.1.我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。I I _ _ _ _exciting weekend.exciting weekend.2.Jenny2.Jenny 喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。Jenny likes _ _.She _Jenny likes _ _.She _an English book last night.an English book last night.3.Emma3.Emma 每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。Emma_ TV every day.But he _Emma_ TV every day.But he _1616_ _ yesterday._ _ yesterday.4.4.上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。WhatWhat_theythey_Saturday?Saturday?TheyThey_homeworkhomeworkandand_ _._ _.5.5.今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。ThisThis morningmorning FangfangFangfang _ _ _becausebecausehishisfatherfather_ yesterday._ yesterday.6.6.你还有什么要说的？你还有什么要说的？WhatWhat _ wouldwould youyoulike _ _?like _ _?7.7.放学别忘了向老师说声再见。放学别忘了向老师说声再见。Dont forget _Dont forget _ _ _ the teacher._ _ _ the teacher.8.8.为什么你昨晚没有看电视？为什么你昨晚没有看电视？WhyWhy _ youyou_ TV last night?_ TV last night?9.9.他在清扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。他在清扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。When he _ the classroom,he _ a watchWhen he _ the classroom,he _ a watchon the ground.on the ground.10.10.他什么时候出生的？他什么时候出生的？19801980 年。年。-When-When _he _?-_ 1980.he _?-_ 1980.1717四、改写句子：四、改写句子：1 1、Lucy did her homework at home.Lucy did her homework at home.改否认句改否认句 LucyLucy_ _ her homework at home._ _ her homework at home.2 2、He found some meat in the fridgeHe found some meat in the fridge冰箱冰箱.变一变一般疑问句般疑问句)_ hehe _ _ meatmeat ininthe fridge?the fridge?3 3、ThereThere waswas somesome orangeorange inin thethe cup.cup.变一般疑问变一般疑问句句)_ there _ orange in the cup?)_ there _ orange in the cup?4.Frank read an interesting book about history.4.Frank read an interesting book about history.一一般疑问句般疑问句_ Frank _ anFrank _ an interesting book aboutinteresting book abouthistory?history?5.5.WhyWhy not gonot go out forout for a a walk?walk?同义句同义句 _ _ out for a walk?_ _ out for a walk?6.6.ThomasThomas spentspent RMBRMB 1010 onon thisthis book.book.否认句否认句Thomas_ _RMB 10 on this book.Thomas_ _RMB 10 on this book.7.7.MyMy family wentfamily went toto thethe beachbeach lastlast week.week.划线提划线提问问_ _ _ familyfamily _ lastlastweek?week?8.I think she is Lilys sister.8.I think she is Lilys sister.否认句。否认句。注意否认转移注意否认转移1818_9.Sally often does some reading in the morning.9.Sally often does some reading in the morning.否否认句认句SallySally _ oftenoften _ somesome readingreading inin thethemorning.morning.10.10.HeHe is is a a tall,tall,thinthin boy.boy.划线提问划线提问_ he _ _?_ he _ _?五、写作。五、写作。日记一那么，字数日记一那么，字数 60-8060-80。记叙一天的活记叙一天的活动：动：1 1早晨起床，吃饭，上学；早晨起床，吃饭，上学；2 2上午的课程，并就其中一堂课进行描述；上午的课程，并就其中一堂课进行描述；3 3午休的活动；午休的活动；4 4下午的课程及作业；下午的课程及作业；5.5.晚上的安排。晚上的安排。_1919_2020