高中英语必修二Unit4知识点.pdf
-教育精选-Unit 4 Wildlife protectionUnit 4 Wildlife protection【短语归纳】：【短语归纳】：1.die out 灭亡；逐渐消失2.in peace 和平地；和睦地；安祥地3.in danger(of)在危险中；垂危4.in relief如释重负；松了口气5.burst into laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来6.protect.from 保护不受(危害)7.pay attention to 注意e into being 形成；产生9.according to 按照；根据所说10.so that 以致于；结果【知识点总结】：【知识点总结】：1.Their numbers may decreasedecrease.decrease vi.&vt.decrease vi.&vt.减少；（使）变小或变少减少；（使）变小或变少decrease to 减少至decrease by减少了e.g.By 1881,the population of Ireland had decreased to 5.2 million.Student numbers have decreased by 500.拓展拓展：reduce to/reduce by 减少到/减少了increase to/increase by 增加到/增加了2.As a result these endangered animals may even die out.die out.die outdie ofdie fromdie awaydie downdie off灭绝、灭亡e.g.How did the dinosaur die out?死于（通常指疾病、衰老等内因）e.g.Her grandfather died of cancer.死于（通常指交通事故等外因）e.g.Many villagers from snake bites.（声音、风、光线等）渐息，渐弱 e.g.The sound of the car died away inthe distance.（慢慢）熄灭，平静下来e.g.The fire is dying down.相继死去e.g.The deer in the forest are all dying off from disease.拓展：be dying for 很想要；渴望be dying to do sth.极想干某事e.g.She is dying to see you.3.Why are they in danger ofin danger of disappearing?in danger 在危险中，垂危e.g.We were warned that we were in danger.in danger of 有的危险out of danger 脱离危险4.Farmers hunted us without mercy.mercy.mercymercyn n仁慈；宽恕；怜悯仁慈；宽恕；怜悯ask/beg for mercy 请求宽恕show mercy to/have mercy on 怜悯/同情/可怜with mercy 仁慈地without mercy 残忍地；毫不留情地可编辑-教育精选-at the mercy of 任由摆布It is a mercy that.真是万幸e.g.She begged the president to have mercy on her husband.The poor cat is at the mercy of the naughty boy.5.They allowed tourists to hunt only a certaincertain number of animals if they paid the farmers.certaincertainadj.adj.确定的；一定的；某一确定的；一定的；某一(1)be certain of/about sth.：对有把握（=be sure of/about sth.）be certain to do sth.：一定会做to a certain extent：一定程度上for certain=for sure 无疑地；确定地make certain(that.)弄清楚；弄明白It is certain that：肯定，一定会.（不能说 It is sure that）e.g.We are certain to have a good time at the party tonight.It is certain that something is wrong with the machine6.Im protectingprotecting myself fromfrom mosquitoes.protect.from.protect.from.保护不受(危害保护不受(危害)protect.against 保护以防(强调较大的事情，如敌人的入侵、天灾等)keep宾语from doingstop宾语(from)doingprevent宾语(from)doing阻止做某事注意：被动语态里 from 均不可省去，而在主动语态中，与 stop/prevent 搭配的from 可以省略。7.It containscontains a powerful drug which affectsaffects mosquitoes.containcontainvt vt.包含；容纳；克制包含；容纳；克制(强烈的感情等强烈的感情等)；抑制；抑制contain oneself 克制自己containern.容器；集装箱；货柜易混辨异 contain,include,including,included1)contain 意为“包含；容纳；里面装有”，侧重“整体内有”，在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物。其宾语与主语常是同位关系，不用于进行时态。此外，contain 还有“控制，克制”之意。2)include 意为“包含；计入；包括”，只能用于表示所包含之物中的一部分，其后的宾语往往是主语的一部分。3)including 可以作介词连接介词短语，放在所包括的东西之前。4)included 是过去分词性质的形容词，放在所包括的东西之后。e.g.She was too angry to contain herself.The hall can contain/hold/admit 3,000 people.Many people like tennis,including me/me included.8.affectaffectvt vt.影响；感动；影响；感动；(疾病疾病)侵袭侵袭1)be greatly/deeply affected by被深深打动可编辑-教育精选-be affected by heat/cold2)affectionn.喜爱；感情中暑/着凉be affected with high fever发高烧3)effectn.作用；影响take effect 生效have an effect on 对产生影响e.g.The disease is beginning to affect her eyesight.9.You should pay more attentionattention to the rainforest where I live andappreciateappreciate how theanimals live together.attention n.attention n.注意力；注意，留心注意力；注意，留心pay/give attention to 注意力attract/catch/draw/get ones attention 吸引某人的注意devote ones attention to 专心于fix/focus ones attention on 集中注意力于turn ones attention to 将注意力转向 e.g.The teacher told the student to pay attention to his spelling.10.appreciateappreciatevt vt.欣赏；感激；意识到欣赏；感激；意识到appreciaten./pron./v-ing欣赏/感激I would appreciate it if.假如我将不胜感激appreciationn.欣赏；感激e.g.I will appreciate it if you can give me some advice about TOEFL test.提醒当 appreciate，hate，dislike，depend on 等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。11.What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeedsucceed?succeedsucceedvi vi.成功；继承成功；继承vt vt.接替；继任接替；继任1)succeed(in)doing sth.成功succeed to sth.继承2)successnU成功，成就；C成功的人或事物successfuladj.成功的successfullyadv.成功地e.g.If we team up with each other,we will succeed in overcoming the difficulties.He had to succeed to the business when his father passed away.12.Can they be employedemployed to work in the park and not hurt the animals?employemployvt vt.雇用；利用雇用；利用(时间、精力等时间、精力等)(1)employ sb.as.雇用某人任employ sb.to do sth.雇用某人做某事be employed in(doing)sth.忙于某事，从事于某事(2)employern.雇主employeen.雇员，受雇者 employmentn.职业，工作，使用e.g.He has been employed in writing a new book these days.13.They lived on the earth tens ofmillions of years ago,long before humans camecameinto beinginto being and their future seemed secure at that e into beingcome into being 形成；产生形成；产生可编辑-教育精选-come into existence 开始存在；形成，产生come into fashion 开始流行，风靡come into effect 生效come into sight/view 看得见come into office 就职come into power 当权；执政come into use/service 开始被使用e.g.When did the club first come into being?The new tax regulations came into effect last month.14.They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago,long beforelong before humans came intobeing.long before意为“很久以前”，常用于过去时或过去完成时的句子中作时间状语，before 后边可以跟从句。e.g.I had heard of him long before I came here.They said they had known each other long before.拓展：(1)before long 相当于 soon 或 a little later，意为“不久；不久以后”，常与将来时、过去时态连用，在句中作状语，不可以直接加从句。e.g.I hope youll be able to come to China again before long.(2)It is/was not long before从句不久就It will be long before从句要过很久才It will not be long before从句过不了多久就e.g.It wont be long before he goes abroad.三、重点语法三、重点语法现在进行时的被动语态现在进行时的被动语态当强调动作正在进行或现阶段正在进行，并且主语与谓语动词之间是动宾关系（被动关系），我们需要使用现在进行时的被动语态。现在进行时被动语态构成为：现在进行时被动语态构成为：am/is/are being doneam/is/are being done练习：1.The most delicious cake in the world _ by Mum.Please wait anhour to enjoy it.A.makesB.is madeC.is going to makeD.is being made2.I dont know what time it is now.My watch _.A.is repairingB.has been repairedC.is being repairedD.has being repaired解析：解析：1.D.cake 与 make 之间是被动关系，从后面的Please wait an hour to enjoy it.可知用现在进行时的被动语态。2.C.考查动词的时态和语态。由句意知 My watch 和 repair 之间是被动关系，且当前正在进行，故用现在进行时的被动语态。可编辑
