2023年高考英语复习全国通用第13讲阅读理解主旨大意题(练)(解析版).pdf
第 13 讲 阅读理解主旨大意题（练）A A new product from Google may help people solve their sleep problems,but some privacy rights groups are concerned.Google showed off its newest Nest Hub home assistant device on Tuesday.In addition to recognizing your voice,showing pictures,videos,news and weather,it can also track your sleep.The basic model costs about$100 and the sleep-tracking technology will be available for free for the rest of 2021.The sleep tracker makes Googles product different from a similar home assistant from Amazon.If you put the Nest Hub beside your bed,it can follow how you sleep.That is because of a new computer chip called Soli,which can sense motion.Some people may like the new technology because they would not have to wear another device to bed.Some companies make products people can wear on their wrist to track their sleep.Google says the new Nest Hub will create reports each week that show how long and how well a person sleeps.It will also show if they snore,cough or wake up often.The company said it studied 15,000 people over the course of 110,000 nights to develop the technology.For people who want to know more about their sleep,the device sounds like a good idea.But,people who pay attention to privacy are worried what Google might do with the information it is gathering.Jeff Chester is one of those people.He is the director of the Center for Digital Democracy.“Googles goal is to monetize every cell of your body,”he said.Google recently bought FitBit,a company that makes a health tracker people can wear on their wrist.Some technology experts think Google may find a way for the Nest Hub to work with the FitBit.Google says the sleep tracker has a lot of privacy protections.For example,it will only work if the user turns it on.The company said it will not use a persons sleep information to try to sell advertising.But Chester said he is not so sure that promise will be kept.1Which is true about the Googles new Nest Hub?AIts the first device to track peoples sleep.BIt has some functions as a home assistant.CIt can be available for free for the rest of 2021.DIt is the same as a health tracker produced by FitBit.2Why are some people concerned about the Googles new product?ABecause private information may be let out.BBecause the sleeping problems cant be solved.CBecause sleep may be interrupted.DBecause sleeping reports may be created each week.3What does the underlined word mean?AMake money on.BKeep track of.CTake care of.DGive away.4Whats the best title of the text?AGoogles New Soli BGoogles sleep problem solver CGoogles Newest Nest Hub DA Sleep Tracker【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了谷歌的最新设备 NestHub，跟踪用户睡眠是它的功能之一，一些隐私权组织对此表示担忧。1B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Google showed off its newest Nest Hub home assistant device on Tuesday.In addition to recognizing your voice,showing pictures,videos,news and weather,it can also track your sleep.(谷歌周二展示了最新的 NestHub 家庭助理设备。除了识别你的声音，显示图片，视频，新闻和天气，它还可以跟踪你的睡眠)”可知，谷歌最新的 NestHub 有一些家庭助理的功能。故选 B。2 A【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的“But,people who pay attention to privacy are worried what Google might do with the information it is gathering.(但是，关注隐私的人担心谷歌会如何处理它收集的信息)”可知，一些人担心该设备会泄漏个人信息，即泄露个人隐私。故选 A。3 A【解析】词句猜测题。根据第四段的“But,people who pay attention to privacy are worried what Google might do with the information it is gathering.(但是，关注隐私的人担心谷歌会如何处理它收集的信息)”和最后一段的“The company said it will not use a persons sleep information to try to sell advertising.(该公司表示，不会利用一个人的睡眠信息来卖广告)”可知，一些人担心自己的睡眠信息会被谷歌公司用来赚钱。而且 Jeff 是担心隐私泄露者中的一员，由此推知划线词所在句子意为“谷歌的目标是让你身体的每一个细胞都为它赚钱”，即划线词意为“靠挣钱”，与 make money on 同义。故选 A。4 C【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第二段的“Google showed off its newest Nest Hub home assistant device on Tuesday.In addition to recognizing your voice,showing pictures,videos,news and weather,it can also track your sleep.(谷歌周二展示了最新的 NestHub 家庭助理设备。除了识别你的声音，显示图片，视频，新闻和天气，它还可以跟踪你的睡眠)”结合下文对该设备的介绍，可知本文主要介绍谷歌最新的 Nest Hub。故“谷歌最新的 Nest Hub”可以作为最佳标题。故选 C。B Have you ever heard about Black Friday and Cyber Monday?Surely,they are all about finding the best deals on holiday gifts for yourself and family members.And have you heard about GivingTuesday?Here is something about it!GivingTuesday is observed annually on the Tuesday after Thanksgiving,which encourages people to help those in need by making financial donations or doing good in their local community.The“Global Day of Giving”was started in 2012 by New York City nonprofit 92nd Street Y and the United Nations Foundation.Unlike Black Friday,GivingTuesday serves a more altruistic purpose.In its first year,the movement brought in almost$10 million for charities,and things have only improved since.In 2019,many GivingTuesday social media campaigns worldwide helped raise an amazing$1.9 billion from 27 million donors!Over the past five years,many higher education institutions have also been using the Tuesday after Thanksgiving to ask alumni for donations.In 2019,the University of Michigan,which calls it Blueday,received 5887 gifts totaling over$4 million,while Pennsylvania State University raised$710 000 to benefit over 85 University programs.Though donating money certainly helps,there are many other ways to support the great cause,especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.You can video tutor kids struggling with online learning,or team up with an adult to get groceries or medications for an elderly neighbor.Alternatively,call on your peers to help you with a service project that addresses an issue close to your heart,or pick one from the several ideas suggested on the GivingTuesday website.You can also donate your gently-used clothes and toys to local shelters,or mail a handwritten note to a grandparent or a friend you miss seeing.What are you going to do to make a positive difference in your community on GivingTuesday?Let us know by adding your comments below!5Why does the author mention Black Friday and Cyber Monday in Paragraph 1?ATo make a comparison.BTo lead to the topic.CTo arouse readers interest.DTo express his doubt.6Whats the aim of GivingTuesday?ATo promote the development of economy.BTo attract people to buy more holiday gifts.CTo call on more universities to donate money.DTo encourage people to help those in need.7What does the underlined word“altruistic”in Paragraph 3 mean?ASelfless.BGeneral.CSpecific.DComplex.8What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?AWhere people can offer their kind help.BWhat people can do on GivingTuesday.CHow people can stay safe during COVID-19.DWhy people need to support the great cause.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了 GivingTuesday 的起源、发展以及在这一天人们做的慈善活动。5 B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you ever heard about Black Friday and Cyber Monday?Surely,they are all about finding the best deals on holiday gifts for yourself and family members.And have you heard about GivingTuesday?Here is something about it!(你听说过黑色星期五和网络星期一吗？当然，他们都可以来为自己和家人找到最划算的节日礼物。你听说过“GivingTuesday”吗？这里有一些关于它的东西！)”可推知，作者在第一段提及 Black Friday 和 Cyber Monday 这两个节日是为了更好地引出文章的主题GivingTuesday。故选 B。6 D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“GivingTuesday is observed annually on the Tuesday after Thanksgiving,which encourages people to help those in need by making financial donations or doing good in their local community.(感恩节后的周二是一年一度的“给予星期二”，鼓励人们通过捐款或在当地社区做善事来帮助那些需要帮助的人)”可知，GivingTuesday 旨在鼓励人们通过捐款或为他们所在的社区做好事来帮助那些需要帮助的人。故选 D。7 A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段中“GivingTuesday is observed annually on the Tuesday after Thanksgiving,which encourages people to help those in need by making financial donations or doing good in their local community.”及画线词后文“In its first year,the movement brought in almost$10 million for charities”可知，GivingTuesday 旨在鼓励人们通过捐款或为他们所在的社区做好事来帮助那些需要帮助的人，而在庆祝这个节日的第一年，这项活动为慈善机构带来了近 1000 万美元的捐款。由此可知，GivingTuesday 的目的是帮助别人，所以画线词所在句表示 GivingTuesday 服务于一个更无私的目的。故画线词应意为“无私的”。A.Selfless.无私的；B.General.一般的；C.Specific.特殊的；D.Complex.复杂的。故选 A。8B【解析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Though donating money certainly helps,there are many other ways to support the great cause,especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.You can video tutor kids struggling with online learning,or team up with an adult to get groceries or medications for an elderly neighbor.Alternatively,call on your peers to help you with a service project that addresses an issue close to your heart,or pick one from the several ideas suggested on the GivingTuesday website.You can also donate your gently-used clothes and toys to local shelters,or mail a handwritten note to a grandparent or a friend you miss seeing.(捐款当然有帮助，但也有许多其他方式支持这项伟大的事业，特别是在新冠肺炎大流行期间。你可以通过视频指导在网上学习中遇到困难的孩子，或者与成年人合作，为年老的邻居购买杂货或药物。或者，让你的同龄人来帮助你解决一个你最关心的问题，或者从“给予星期二”网站上的几个建议中选择一个。你也可以把旧衣服和玩具捐给当地的收容所，或者给你没能见到的祖父母或朋友寄张手写的便条)”可知，第四段主要介绍了在新冠疫情期间，人们在 GivingTuesday 这一天，除了捐款还可以做的事情。故选 B。C In previous recessions(经济衰退),billionaires were hit along with the rest of us;it took almost three years for Forbess 400 richest people to recover from losses caused in 2008s Great Recession.But in the coronavirus recession of 2020,most billionaires have gotten richer than ever before.Billionaires increased their new billions just as millions of other Americans ran into terrible financial problems.More than 20 million people lost their jobs at the start of the pandemic.Food banks across the country are preparing for another great increase in demand.Why are American billionaires doing so well while so many other Americans suffer?People may find part of the reasons from the following fact.Stocks(股票)are overwhelmingly owned by the wealthy,and the stock market has recovered from its early-pandemic depths much more quickly than other parts of the economy.But some billionaires are also benefiting from economic and technological trends that were accelerated by the pandemic.Among these are the owners and investors of retail giants like Amazon,Walmart,Target,Dollar Tree and Dollar General,which have reported huge profits this year while many of their smaller competitors were defeated completely as the coronavirus spread.Then there are companies that have bet on the rapid digitization of everything Eric Yuan,the chief executive of Zoom,became a billionaire in 2019.Now he is worth almost$20 billion.Dan Gilbert,the chairman of Quicken Loans,was worth less than$7 billion in March,now he commands more than$43 billion.But there is a great deal of stratification(层化)even among billionairesricher billionaires got even richer in 2020 than the poorer ones did.Jeff Bezos,Amazons funder,was worth about$113 billion at the start of the pandemic.Now he is worth$182 billion.Two years ago,Bezos was the only“centibillionaire”on earththe trendy neologism(a new word)for people whose wealth exceeds(超过)￥100 billion.9What does the author mainly tell us in the passage?AFood banks are not enough in the United States.BThe richest kept getting richer even in the pandemic.CThe stock market recovered before the pandemic started.D400 richest people recovered from losses in the pandemic.10What is“part of the reasons”that is implied in Paragraph 2?AThe American inequality.BThe recovery of stock market.CThe effect of the pandemic.DThe food shortage across the country.11What is one of the changes during the pandemic?AThe decline of digital games.BMore money lent to people by banks.CThe trend of technology acceleration.DHigh profit earned by smaller companies.12Why does the author refer to“centibillionaire”as a“neologism”?AIt is a new title in the stock market after the recession.BIt is a new way of solution to poverty through the world.CIt is a newly established company during the pandemic.DIt is a new term for people whose wealth exceeds$100 billion.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。在新冠疫情期间，大多数亿万富翁比以往任何时候都更富有。文章对这种现象进行了介绍和分析。9 B【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“But in the coronavirus recession of 2020,most billionaires have gotten richer than ever before.”（但在2020年的冠状病毒衰退中，大多数亿万富翁比以往任何时候都更富有。）可知，文章主要是讲最富有的人在疫情中也变得越来越富有。故选 B。10 A【解析】词句猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“Stocks(股票)are overwhelmingly owned by the wealthy,and the stock market has recovered from its early-pandemic depths much more quickly than other parts of the economy.”（股票绝大多数由富人持有，股市从疫情早期的深度中复苏的速度远远快于经济的其他领域。）可知，“part of the reasons”是指美国的不平等。故选 A。11C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“But some billionaires are also benefiting from economic and technological trends that were accelerated by the pandemic.”（但一些亿万富翁也受益于这场大流行加速了的经济和技术趋势。）可知，在疫情中的变化有技术加速的趋势。故选 C。12D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Two years ago,Bezos was the only“centibillionaire”on earththe trendy neologism(a new word)for people whose wealth exceeds(超过)￥100 billion.”（两年前,贝佐斯是唯一的“centibillionaire”表示一个人的财富超过￥1000 亿的时尚新词）可知，因为这是一个新词，指的是那些财富超过 1000 亿美元的人，所以作者把“centibillionaire”称为一个“neologism”。故选 D。D Morgans Wonderland,located in San Antonio,Texas,is a theme park mainly intended for mentally or physically disabled children.The park was built by Gordon Hartman,a former real estate(房地产)developer.The creation of the park was inspired by his daughter,Morgan,who suffers from severe cognitive delay and physical challenges.The worlds first ultra-accessible family fun park,Morgans Wonderland opened in the spring of 2010.Admission for guests with special needs is free,and fees for the general public are set at a much discounted price so that people of all ages and abilities can come together and play in a fun and safe environment.Completely wheelchair-accessible,the park features 25 acres of attractions including rides,playgrounds,a catch-and-release fishing lake,and picnic areas throughout the park.The rides are custom-designed to accommodate wheelchair riders so that every family member can enjoy the fun.The adapted rides include the Off-Road Adventure,where guests can test their driving skills in sporty vehicles.Moreover,each visitor is offered the option to wear a GPS Adventure Band,which allows them to keep track of each other while in the park.The band also enables them to take part in electronic activities.For example,when the riders scan the band at the Off-Road Adventure,a photo will be taken and sent to their email.In June 2017,Morgans Wonderland celebrated the opening of Morgans Inspiration Island.The new expansion is composed of five themed splash pads and a River Boat Adventure Ride.The wheelchair guests can be moved out of their chairs into unique,waterproof chairs and enjoy the splash park without risking damage to their personal wheelchairs.“Morgan taught me that theres more to life in many ways than what I saw before,”said Hartman.“The blessing that Morgan has brought is beyond anything that I ever could have imagined and could explain.”13What is the passage mainly about?AThe new addition to Morgans Wonderland.BThe establishment and features of a special theme park.CThe advanced technological devices in Morgans Wonderland DThe needs of people who suffer from physical and mental disabilities.14What does“ultra-accessible”in the second paragraph imply?AIts easy for all visitors to use the facilities.BAdmission is free for people young and old.CWheelchairs are provided for every featured attraction.DMorgans Wonderland is situated in a convenient location.15What does the park provide to prevent personal wheelchairs from being damaged?ASafe Boats.BWater-resistant cloth.CGPS bands.DSpecial chairs.16Which of
