2021届高考英语(统考版)二轮备考提升指导1动词的时态和语态Word版含解析.pdf

-1-2021 届高考英语（统考版）二轮备考提升指导 优培 1 动词的时态和语态 1.（2020江苏卷单项选择）If you look at all sides of the situation,youll find probably a solution that _ everyone.A.suit B.suited C.suits D.has suited【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。句意：如果你从各个方面看问题，你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。句子描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时；此处是定语从句谓语动词，先行词是 a solution，从句谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故选 C。2.（2020江苏卷单项选择）Instead of getting down to a new task as I _,he examined the previous work again.A.had expected B.have expected C.would expect D.expect【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态。句意：他没有像我所期望的那样着手做新工作，而是又检查了一遍以前的工作。此处描述的动作发生在 examined 之前，属于“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时。故选 A。3.（2020天津卷单项选择）You are a great swimmer.Thanks.Its because I _ a lot these days.A.have been practising B.was practising C.would practise D.had practised【答案】A【解析】考查时态。根据时间状语 these days（这些天）可知，“练习游泳”从数天前开始，一直持续到现在，因此该句应用现在完成进行时态。故选 A。4.（2020天津卷单项选择）The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and _ around that level since.A.are remaining B.have remained C.is remaining D.has remained【答案】D【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：20 世纪 90 年代初，医学院的数量达到了 18 所，此后一直保持在这个水平。ever since（从那以后）作时间状语，句子用现在完成时态。主语为 the number of medical schools，the number of 表示“的数目”，中心词是 number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单-2-数形式。综上，故选 D。5.（2019江苏卷单项选择）A few months after he had arrived in China,Mr.Smith _ in love with the people and culture there.A.would fall B.had fallen C.has fallen D.fell【答案】D【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：他到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在 had arrived之后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。故选 D。6.（2019江苏卷单项选择）They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.A.will install B.will have been installed C.are installed D.have been installed【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：他们正努力确保在 2022 年北京冬奥会之前安装 5G 终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时。“5G 终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选 B。7.（2019江苏卷单项选择）The musician along with his band members _ ten performances in the last three months.A.gives B.has given C.have given D.give【答案】B【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由 in the last three months 可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除 AD 选项。本句主语为 the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的 along with his band members 是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选 B。8.（2019 天津卷 单项选择）_ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage,but I couldnt manage it.A.had hoped B.am hoping C.have hoped D.would hope【答案】A【解析】考查过去完成时。句意：我本来计划在 Peter 结婚时送他一个礼物的，可是我没有做到。第二个分句中 couldnt 用的是一般过去时，所以发生在它之前的动作用过去完成时。故选 A。9.（2019天津卷单项选择）Amy as well as her brothers,_ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.-3-A.is given B.are given C.was given D.were given【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和她的兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据 last week可知，应用过去时，排除选项 A 和 B；本句的主语是 Amy，她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选C。一、单句语法填空 1.Tom(ignore)all the“No Smoking”signs and lit up a cigarette.【答案】ignored【解析】考查时态。句意：汤姆无视所有“禁止吸烟”的标志，点燃了一支香烟。根据后半句谓语动词 it可知，空格处谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情；ignore 的过去式为 ignored，表示无视，忽视。故填 ignored。2.Its black eyes,which(fix)on the cabbage,show the creatures interest in the vegetable【答案】are fixed【解析】考查时态语态。句意：它黑色的眼睛盯着卷心菜，显示出它对这种蔬菜的兴趣。根据 show the creatures interest in the vegetable 可知短语 fix on 与主语 which（指代 eyes）之间是是被动关系，因此要用被动语态。句子为一般现在时。故填 are fixed。3.Over the years,many things(add)to the story of St Nicholas,changing him to the Father Christmas we know of today.【答案】have been added【解析】考查动词的时态与主谓一致。句意：多年来，圣尼古拉斯的故事中增加了许多东西，把他变成了我们今天所知道的圣诞老人。时间状语 over the years（这么多年来），指的是一种从几年前持续到现在的一种情况，因此通常与现在完成时连用。主语 many things 是复数形式，故填 have been added。4.Every man worker and every woman worker(enjoy)free medical care in this company.【答案】enjoys【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在这家公司里，男女职工都享受免费医疗。every+单数名词+and+every+单数名词，强调的依然是个体，谓语动词用单数。根据句意可知用一般现在时。故填 enjoys。5.The line is busy.Someone must(use)the telephone.【答案】be using 提分训练-4-【解析】考查时态。句意：线路繁忙。一定有人正在打电话。根据上文提示，线路忙，可知是正在打电话，应用现在进行时，故填 be using。6.He(cash)a cheque when the telephone rang.【答案】was cashing【解析】考查时态。句意：电话铃响时他正在兑换支票。根据句意和句子结构可知，此句为时间状语从句，句子主句动词为延续性，从句动词为瞬间性，表示在过去，当从句的动作发生时，主句的动作在当时也正在进行，故主句应用过去进行时态。故填 was cashing。7.When you are out in nature,it is important to speak softly or the animals(frighten)away.【答案】will be frightened【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：当你在野外时，轻声说话很重要，否则动物们会被吓跑的。分析句子可知，如果你说话不轻点，动物将被吓跑，故句子应用一般将来时。animals（动物）与 frighten away（吓跑）之间为被动关系，即动物被吓跑，故应用一般将来时的被动语态，故填 will be frightened。8.Which country(hold)the next World Cup?I cant wait to go there!【答案】will hold【解析】考查时态。句意：哪个国家将主办下一届世界杯？我等不及要去那里了！根据 the next World Cup可知此句时态是一股将来时，主语是 country。故填 will hold。9.By the time this letter reaches you，I(leave)the country.【答案】will have left【解析】考查动词时态。句意：当你收到这封信时，我就已经离开这个国家了。分析语境可知离开这个国家还未发生，用将来时。By the time 和完成时连用，综上可知表示在将来某个时间已经完成的动作，用将来完成时。故填 will have left。10.As you go through this book,you _(find)that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience.【答案】will find【解析】考查时态。句意：在你浏览这本书的时候，你就会发现经历过二战的百万人中的每一个人都有不同的经历，其中 as 引导的是时间状语从句，主句表达的是将要发生的动作，故用一般将来时 will+动词原形，故答案是 will find。11.He must have sensed that I _(look)at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,“Why are you staring at me like that?”【答案】was looking-5-【解析】考查时态。因为 must have done 这一结构是对过去动作的推测，表示当时一定做。sensed 后是 that 引导的宾语从句，由于主句是过去的动作，所以从句应该用过去的相应时态，由 sensed 可知，动作正在发生，故用过去进行时。所以填 was looking。12.In my hometown,there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat _(be)cut.【答案】has been【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在我的家乡，麦子丰收过后农民会有一个庆祝晚餐。现在完成时表示动作已经完成，才会举行庆祝活动，故填 has been。13.To my delight,I _(choose)from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.【答案】was chosen【解析】考查时态和语态。根据句意：让我高兴的是，我从成百上千的参加者中被选中参加开幕式。可以知道这里应该是被动语态，又因为被选中是过去发生的事情，这里只是对过去发生的事情的一般描述，故用一般过去式，故填 was chosen。14.Just as I got to the school gate,I realized I _(leave)my book in the cafe.【答案】had left【解析】考查时态。句意：我刚一到学校门口，就意识到我把书落在餐馆了。realized 后省略了 that，这里是一个宾语从句，从句时态与主句保持一致，落下的动作发生在意识到之前，应该用过去完成时，故填 had left。二、语法填空 A There1 (be)a new modern art exhibition downtown for the last three days,which 2 (close)this coming Sunday.Having got two tickets for it,I3 (consider)inviting my friend Tony to go along with me.I know that he4 (finish)his paper by Sunday and can afford the time.He once5 (tell)me that he likes modern art,so I think he will be interested in this exhibition.Just this morning,when I entered my office,my colleagues6 (talk)about it,and some of them said they 7 (go)to see it already.The exhibition8 (hold)in ten more big cities in America after it goes to San Francisco next week.Ive just called Tony and he has agreed to go with me,saying that he9 (look)forward to going to an exhibition for months.I will call for him this Sunday.Ill go home for lunch now,as I10 (starve).1.【答案】has been【解析】考查现在完成时。语境有时间状语 for the last three days，这是现在完成时的标志。2.【答案】will/is going to close/is closing-6-【解析】考查一般将来时或现在进行时。语境有将来的具体时间状语 this coming Sunday，因此这里用一般将来时，或用现在进行时表示将来的动作。句意：最近三天市中心举办一个新的现代艺术展览。该展览本周日结束。3.【答案】am considering【解析】考查现在进行时。从语境看，作者买了票，现在正在考虑邀请托尼去看展览，因此用现在进行 时表示当前正在进行的动作。句意：我买了两张参考展览的票，正在考虑邀请托尼跟我一起去。4.【答案】will have finished【解析】考查将来完成时。句中的时间状语表明这里说的是对延续到将来的某种情况的推测，用将来完 成时。句意：我知道，到星期天的时候，他的论文就已经完成了，可以有时间去参观的。5.【答案】told【解析】考查一般过去时。根据句中的状语 once 判断，本空用提示词的一般过去时，表示过去的动作。句意：他曾经告诉我他喜欢现代艺术，所以我想他对这次展览会感兴趣的。6.【答案】were talking【解析】考查过去进行时。语境表示：我进办公室时，我的同事们正在谈论这个展览，应该用过去进行 时表示过去某个时候正在进行的动作。7.【答案】had gone【解析】考查过去完成时。主句使用了一般过去时，此时宾语从句的时态与主句呼应，用过去完成时，表示在过去某一时刻之前已经发生的动作。句意：就在今天早上，当我进办公室的时候，我的同事们正在 谈论这个展览。他们中有人说他们已经参观过了。8.【答案】will be held【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。此处叙述的是将来的事情，应用一般将来时，且主语与 hold 之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态。句意：本次展览在下周到旧金山展览以后，还将在美国另外十个大城市举办。9.【答案】has been looking【解析】考查现在完成进行时。语境的时间状语 for months 表明这里要用现在完成进行时表示较长时间里一直在做某事。句意：我刚刚给托尼打过电话，他答应跟我一起去，并且说几个月来他一直盼望着能够参观一次展览。10.【答案】am starving【解析】考查现在进行时。这里表示作者此时很饿，用 starve 的现在进行时表示正在发生的动作。句意：我现在要回家吃午饭啦，因为肚子正饿着呢。-7-B It was getting dark when I got home.It was cold and I1 (wear)a coat.I walked up to the door and put my hand into my pocket 2 (take)out my key 3 I couldnt find it.I suddenly remembered that I4(leave)it on my desk in the office.It really didnt make any difference.I knew my wife 5(be)at home and the children must have come back from school by now,so I 6(knock)at the door.There was no answer,so I knocked again.I continued knocking at the door for some time.I7 (get)angry.Then I remembered something the office boy had told me at noon.He said that my wife8 (phone)saying that she 9 (go)shopping in the afternoon with the children.There was only one thing for me to do:I had to clime in 10 a window.1.【答案】was wearing【解析】考查时态。句意：天气很冷，我正穿着一件大衣。此处表示“正穿着”的状态，故用进行时，根据 was 可知用过去进行时，故填 was wearing。2.【答案】to take【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我走到门口，把手伸进口袋为的是把我的钥匙拿出来，但我却找不到。此处不定式作目的状语，故填 to take。3.【答案】but【解析】考查连词。根据句意可知前后内容是转折关系，故填 but。4.【答案】had left【解析】考查时态。句意：我突然记得我把钥匙忘在办公室的桌子上了。根据 remembered 可知此处用 leave的过去完成时，故填 had left。5.【答案】was【解析】考查时态。句意：我知道我妻子在家。根据 knew 可知此处用 be 的过去式，故填 was。6.【答案】knocked【解析】考查时态。句意：因此我敲了门。根据语境可知此处用一般过去时，故填 knocked。7.【答案】got【解析】考查时态。句意：我生气了。事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时，故填 got。8.【答案】had phoned【解析】考查时态。句意：他说我妻子打电话说她下午要和孩子们去购物。said 是过去式，phone 发生在said 之前，故 phone 用过去完成时，填 had phoned。9.【答案】would go-8-【解析】考查时态。此处表示下午将要去购物，故用将来的某种时态，根据 said 可知此处用过去将来时，故填 would go。10.【答案】through【解析】考查介词。句意：我必须从窗户爬进去。故填 through。