河北省邯郸市部分学校2022-2023学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题.pdf

河北省邯郸市部分学校 2022-2023 学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题 一、阅读理解 Since China launched its first lunar spacecraft in 2007,the nation has achieved something nobody has managed to do before.Here is a brief history of Chinese lunar missions.Change 1 It was launched in October 2007 on a 16-month mission to map the moon from the orbit.Having studied the lunar surface and the surrounding environment there,the spacecraft crashed onto the moon on March 2,2009.Change 2 Launched on October 1,2010,Change 2 returned a more deta iled map of the moons entire surface and took close-up images of the Bay of Rainbows,where mission planners at the time suggested they might put down the countrys first lander.It left the moons orbit in April 2012 to fly by another small planet called 4179 Toutatis,which it reached in December 2012.Change 3 Change 3 is most famous for landing its rover,Yutu,on the moonthe first one since 1976.After heading out to the surface on December 14,2013,Yutu took many amazing pictures that were sent back to the earth.In 2015,it even discovered a new kind of rock.Change 4 When Change 4 made a safe touchdown on the far side of the moon on January 2,2019,it made history since it was the first time that a rover has landed there.The far side is a more challenging environment in general than the near side.Change 5 The Change 5 spacecraft,which was launched on November 24,2020,returned to the earth on December 16,2020,carrying around 2 kilograms of rocks and soils from the northern part of the moon.The lunar sample will help scientists fill in a gap in knowledge about the history of the moon between roughly one billion and three billion years ago.1.Which spacecraft has explored two planets?AChange 1.BChange 2.CChange 3.DChange 4.2.When did Change 3 land on the moon?AOn March 2,2009.BOn October 1,2010.COn December 14,2013.DOn January 2,2019.3.What is unique about the last mission?AIt just circled around the moon.BIt reached the far side of the moon.CIt crashed onto the moon on purpose.DIt brought lunar sample to the earth.In November,Focus Features will release a new movie,The Theory of Everything,which describes what happened to the famous physicist Stephen Hawking.The movie is based on a book by Jane Hawking,Stephens first wife.When they met in the early 1960s,Jane was studying literature and got a Ph.D in Spanish poetry,while Stephen was just 21,looking for an interesting physics problem to explore.Not long after they began dating,he developed balance problems,then speech issues.He was told that he had ALS,a disease that would kill him in two years.Janes friends warned her not to stick with a boy with so little time ahead of him.But he and Jane didnt quit each other.Instead,they willfully pushed on.It wasnt like they didnt believe the diagnosis(诊断).They did.They just ignored it.“We did not want to think about that,”she wrote.“Also,we had this very strong sense at the time that our generation lived anyway under this most awful nuclear cloud that with a four-minute warning the world itself could likely end.That made us feel that we should make the most of whatever gifts that were given to us.”They had one child.Then another.He,meanwhile,kept losing ground.He needed help with dressing,then washing,then eating.She tried to keep up.“I had two babies.I was running the home and looking after Stephen alone.One of the greatest battles was getting Stephen to use a wheelchair,”she continued.“Id be going out with an adult on one arm,carrying a newly-born baby in the other,with an older baby struggling alongside.”As Stephen Hawking became more celebrated and dependent,Jane had a third child and he had to allow others to help him.But he fell in love with a nurse and left his wife.Hmmm,I wonder how they are going to handle this one.Its a messy story.4.What was Janes friends attitude to her dating with Hawking?ADisapproving.BUnconcerned.CSupportive.DOptimistic.5.Why did Jane refuse to break up with her boyfriend?AHe was a very famous and rich man.BThey shared similar research interest.CThey did not believe the diagnosis.DShe accepted the uncertainty of life.6.What did Jane most probably think of her husband?AGrateful.BStubborn.CReasonable.DReliable.7.What does the underlined word“they”in the last paragraph refer to?AThe Hawkings.BThe nurses.CFocus Features.DLove stories.Once upon a time,there was a beautiful milkmaid.One day,she declared to a 13-year-old boy,“I shall never have an ugly face because I have already had cowpox(牛痘).”The boy was Edward Jenner,who would one day be famous for developing the worlds first vaccine(疫苗),which would eventually rid the earth of smallpox(天花).And the story of his inspiration for developing the vaccine first appeared in an 1837 biography and was repeated endlessly over the years.But was the milkmaid really Jenners muse?Perhaps not,because there is another storyline,backed by letters,diaries and research notes that Dr.Arthur Boylston uncovered in the course of his research.Instead,it involves a country doctor named John Fewster.Like other doctors of the time,Fewster used smallpox virus to protect people from smallpox.In 1768,he treated a group of farmers in Thornbury.But something unusual happened:All of them didnt respond to the smallpox virus at all.Fewster inquired further and found that all the farmers never had smallpox but did previously have cowpox.Today,Fewsters discovery would have led to a larger study and publication of results.But that wasnt the way medicine worked in the 18th century.“In those days,there were no medical journals,”says Boylston.“Doctors communicated by having little dinner parties and drinking themselves silly.”One such meeting took place at an inn called The Ship.Fewster presented his discovery at the meeting.Records show that Jenner later also became a member of the medical society and was known for his enthusiasm about the topic in the members debates.So how did the milkmaid myth(神话)get started?At the time,the first and only mention of the milkmaid story was by Jenners friend and first biographer,John Baron,several years after Jenners death.According to Boylstons research,other doctors were then criticizing Jenner,questioning how he had ever made the connection between cowpox and smallpox immunity.“Jenner himself never explained how he developed the theory,”Boylston says.“To protect his friend,the biographer probably made up the milkmaid story as a way to show how Jenner had come across the idea of a cowpox-smallpox connection.”8.Which of the following can replace the underlined word“muse”in paragraph 3?AAdmirer.BInspiration.CTeacher.DSecret.9.From whom did Edward Jenner most probably learn the cowpox-smallpox theory?AA milkmaid.BA writer.CA reporter.DA country doctor.10.Why did Jenners first biographer mention the milkmaid?ATo protect his friend.BTo popularize science.CTo complete the test.DTo promote his own book.11.What is the text mainly about?AThe cowpox-smallpox connection.BThe effective treatment for smallpox.CThe myth of the worlds first vaccine.DThe development of smallpox vaccine.Catalonia,a region in northeastern Spain,is known for its architecture,sea-side markets and white champagne.It has its own language and even a regional flag.But the most dramatic display of Catalonian culture comes from the tradition of building castells,or human pyramids.First documented in 1801 as a cultural activity,castell building was declared an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2010.In Catalonia,most towns have a castell building group with hundreds of members.Anyone is allowed to join,and families often participate together.An official organization keeps a record of the points awarded at each competition and then ranks the groups.Points are given based on the difficulty of the pyramids structure and height.For a long time,seven levels was the tallest that had been achieved,but lately pyramids have been built as high as ten.Basic pyramids contain five main levels.The first level is called the pinya,followed by the folre,the manilles,the tronk,and the pom de dalt.The tronk is the vertical structure in the center of the pyramid that holds the most weight.The strongest men make up the tronk,followed by strong but light women.A small child known as the enxaneta climbs to the pom de dalt.The enxaneta is usually between 7 and 10 years old and must be light and fearless.“As the enxaneta begins to climb,silence falls over the crowd and the air is charged with both excitement and fear,because no one knows where the pyramid is going to end,”said Giori Worsley,who began studying human pyramid building 11 years ago.Originally attracted by the structures themselves,Giori Worsley later realized that building higher human pyramids was not the most important thing.The most important thing was the close connection within the Catalonian society that encouraged people to support each other.“I see it as a poetic reflection of the society,”he said.“All the participants at the base hold to each other so tightly that its almost like they have become one,while the stronger men hold the weight of the youngsters and women on their shoulders.”12.Which of the following best describes the castell building in Catalonia?ACastells are not just judged by their heights.BSeven-level castells are the tallest at present.CCompetition is held within the same group.DWomen and kids are not allowed to participate.13.Who will be more suitable to make up the tronk?ABrave girls.BStrong men.CFearless boys.DTall women.14.What can we say about being an enxaneta?AWell-paid and easy.BChallenging and safe.CDifficult and boring.DExciting and dangerous.15.What can be inferred about the Catalonian society from Giori Worsleys words?AIt is really poor.BIt is romantic.CIt is very united.DIt enjoys in-fights.二、七选五 Although staying focused can be a challenge in this world,it is still possible.Here are some tips to help you focus on the job at hand and become creative.Engage in positive daydreaming.This involves first turning your attention inward.Try traveling with your mind to someplace enjoyable.16 .Pair your daydreaming with some form of low-key activity such as walking and gardening.Let your mind wander for about 20 minutes this way and watch what happens.Doing this several times a day can offer your mind a fresh approach to the job at hand.17 .Are you a person who is sharp-minded in the morning?Or is a night owl more of your style?Either way,it doesnt matter as long as you schedule your most important projects during your brains periods of best performance.18 .Instead,reserve the best time for the big stuff.Try your hobbies.19 .It is also a good way to invite innovation in ways that focusing doesnt.In many cases,it can even help you come up with solutions to problems youre facing at work or home.Turn off text messaging and social media.Pretty basic?Sure,but vital.It allows us a deep dive into focus.It lets our brains get a chance to complete full sentences of thought.It helps us to reset and think about whats really important.20 .AMake friends with your body clock BDoing so will help make better decisions CFocusing your mind is key to improving your focus DDoing things you are interested in can help your mind relax EAvoid spending your best brain hours doing unimportant things FMost important of all,it reminds us theres a world outside our screens GMaybe its a walk through an imaginary forest or sunbathing on a warm beach 三、完形填空 It was the worst day ever.The exact date was March 19,2020.Ill never 21 it.The day began as usual.Then I heard Alans 22 speaking on the phone,“Thanks for everything you have done for my company.”My fear was confirmed moments later.Alan was 23 .I hugged my husband as my heart sank.“Well be fine,”he said.“I know,”I responded.But,24 ,neither of us sounded very convincing.A few hours later,I received a call from the 25 .I had been noticing something strange in my neck and underarms,and my doctor had been performing tests to 26 the cause.“You have cancer,”he said.I thought I must have misheard.The doctor repeated those terrible words.It was 27 :Cancer was in my body.He went on discussing future treatments,28 I wasnt really listening anymore.I 29 chemical treatments,and something worse.Alan took me into his arms,and I 30 as he held me tight.“Someday in the future,were going to celebrate this date,”he whispered in my ear.As time dragged on,our 31 was high.But we kept our heads up and always looked forward.It eventually paid off.Within several months,Alan found a new job,with excellent pay.I completed my 32 ,and the results were more than 33 .As the one year 34 approached,we went to Las Vegas that very afternoon and spent the day of March 19,2021,celebrating our 35 .21.Aaccept Bforget Cappreciate Dmake 22.Abrother Bdoctor Cboss Dfriend 23.Afired Bpromoted Cpraised Dinjured 24.Afortunately Bpublicly Cusually Dfrankly 25.Aschool Bcompany Chospital Dfactory 26.Acover up Bfigure out Cfocus on Dtalk about 27.Atrue Bmistaken Cexpensive Dsafe 28.Abecause Bor Cif Dbut 29.Aloved Breceived Cimagined Dmissed 30.Acried Bcomplained Claughed Drefused 31.Aincome Banxiety Cstandard Dexpectation 32.Abook Btraining Cpreparations Dtreatments 33.Aencouraging Bfrightening Cconfusing Dinteresting 34.Adeadline Banniversary Ccontract Dsentence 35.Awedding Bbirthday Csurvival Dfreedom 四、用单词的适当形式完成短文 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Selected from more than 1.86 million precious items from the Palace Museum in Beijing,36 total of 914 artworks and cultural relics(文物)will be displayed on July 2 at the Hong Kong Palace Museum 37 (celebrate)the 25th anniversary of the c itys return to China.Among the relics,many will be exhibited for the first time in Hong Kong.Among them,166 cultural relics 38 (recognize)as national treasures,accounting 39 18 percent of all items on display.The borrowed relics,40 will be displayed across nine halls in the museum,cover a wide range of art from paintings,drawings,sculptures,ancient books to architectural works that show Chinas 5,000 years of history.Louis Ng Chi-wa,director of the Hong Kong Palace Museum,told media that he has high expectations for the opening of the museum.“Each object on display at the Hong Kong Palace Museum has 41 (it)unique historical,cultural,artistic or 42 (science)significance,”he said.“The opening in July will be a great opportunity to present these treasures to both Chinese and foreign 43 (visitor)and share the interesting stories behind them with the public.”In addition to 44 (display)cultural relics,the Hong Kong Palace Museum will also focus on 45 (educate)by hosting movie screenings,art workshops and teacher training.五、其他应用文 46.塑料袋的广泛使用给人们的生活带来诸多便利的同时也造成了严重的环境污染。请你代表学生会为校报“英语专栏”写一份关于减少塑料袋使用的倡议书，内容包括；1.“白色污染”的现状及危害；2.发出倡议。注意：1.写作词数应为 80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_ 六、读后续写 47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。When my father doesnt answer the phone,I dont think anything of it.Hes 75 years old and doesnt always want to talk.This was what I told myself when I called him and he didnt answ