江西省上饶市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末教学质量测试英语试卷.pdf
江西省上饶市 2022-2023 学年高二上学期期末教学质量测试英语试卷 一、阅读理解 The advancement of human civilization is possible just because of enormous contribution made by scientists.They are one of the most influential people of todays world.With practical advantages in engineering,medicine,and technology,they have helped us to grow better understanding about the world and different working phenomenon that governs us.Their names are remembered in the sands of time for their work in the welfare of mankind with different inventions that has made our modern lives easy.Here is a list of the four great scientists weve ever seen who changed the world.Louis Pasteur(1822-1895)Pasteur contributed greatly towards the advancement of medical sciences developing cures for rabies,anthrax and other infectious diseases.He also invented the process of pasteurization(加热杀菌法)to make milk safer to drink.He probably saved more lives than any other person.Otto Hahn(1879-1968)Hahn was a German chemist who discovered nuclear fission(裂变)in 1939.He was a pioneering scientist in the field of radio-chemistry,and discovered radioactive elements in 1921.He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1944.Nikola Tesla(1856-1943)Tesla worked on electro-magnetism and AC current.He obtained around 300 patents worldwide for his inventions from electricity to radio transmission,but many inventions developed by Tesla were not put into patent protection.He played a key role in the development of modern electricity.James Clerk Maxwell(1831-1879)Maxwell made great progress in understanding electro-magnetism.His research in electricity and kinetics laid the foundation for quantum(量子)physics.Einstein said of Maxwell,“The work of James Clerk Maxwell changed the world forever.”1.What contribution did Louis Pasteur make to society?AThe development of medicine.BRadio-chemistry.CModern electricity.DQuantum physics.2.Who was thought highly of by Einstein?ALouis Pasteur.BOtto Hahn.CNikola Tesla.DJames Clerk Maxwell.3.What can we infer about the four people?AThey are medical pioneers.BThey are Nobel Prize winners.CThey are great contributors to society.DThey are founders of modern physics.二、未知 As my plane landed in Pamplona,Spain,I couldnt help thinking.,“Im crazy about going abroad and taking classes in Spanish.”My biggest fear was whether I would be able to communicate with Spanish speakers,and how I would be able to adapt to a culture that is different in so many ways from American culture.I had attended classes in Spanish and talked with native students for over a month but now it got better.When I first started,it was easy to get frustrated when I didnt understand parts of what my professor was saying,or to feel embarrassed when I had to ask someone to repeat themselves many times.However,people often politely corrected me when I made a mistake,and also offered support and words of encouragement.Noticing my own progress through my increased ability to have a conversation has made the frustration dissolve.And it helped me reach my biggest piece of advice to anyone facing the same fear:to force yourself to speak as much as possible.Another challenge I faced was culture shock when I arrived in Spain.As someone used to stores always being open in Seattle,Ive had to get used to most stores being closed during afternoon hours and on Sundays.Plans are made much more slowly,and usually at the last minute,which for someone who values organization and certainty as much as I do,was difficult to get used to.The best way I found to deal with the culture shock was to change my views.Ive grown to appreciate the Spanish attitude that there is more to life than work.Family and friends are important as well,and having so much time off allows life outside work to be enjoyed.Living abroad is always frightening,especially when the language and culture are completely foreign.There will always be challenges,frustrations,and problems.However,learning to deal with them and appreciate the journey has been one of the most valuable things Ive learned while abroad.4.What can be learned about the author before she began her life in Spain?AShe was well-prepared.BShe was concerned about her life there.CShe really looked forward to the new culture.DShe had worked very hard at learning Spanish.5.What does the underlined phrase“dissolve”in paragraph 2 mean?ABuild up.BGrow again.CDisappear slowly.DDisplayed clearly.6.What did the author do to deal with the culture shock?AShe tried hard to make friends.BShe lived the way the locals did.CShe made plans in advance carefully.DShe turned her attention to her study.7.What does the authors story show?ACulture shock can be too hard to go through.BLiving abroad isnt as good as people think.CLiving abroad can be challenging but it is worth doing.DTodays people should learn to accept different cultures.3D printing is becoming more and more popular.We are now able to create things we need very quickly and easily using 3D printers.But can you imagine printing food?Some scientists are trying to revolutionize the dining experience by doing this.They hope that having a 3D printer in the kitchen will be as common as the microwave oven or blender.Scientists say that itll be quite easy:You simply have to select a recipe and put the raw food“inks”into the printer.You can also modify the instructions to make the food exactly how you want it.This means that it would be very quick and easy to create tasty and nutritious meals.Using 3D printers to create your meals would also be saving the environment.There would be less need for traditional growing,transporting and packaging processes as food production would be a lot more efficient.For example,alternative ingredients(原料)such as proteins from algae,beetroot leaves and insects could be converted into tasty products.Printing food could also help people who suffer from dysphagia(a swallowing disorder).They could program the printer to print softer versions of their favorite foods so that they would not have trouble swallowing them.However,some people think that a future of 3D food printing would be a disaster.It could take away many jobs,including those from growing,transporting and packaging food.Imagine a world where there was no need for farming or growing crops and the same tastes could be printed from a raw“food ink”.Likewise,traditional cafes and restaurants might lose business.Also,there are concerns about the nutritional value of printed food:Is it really possible to get the nutrients we need from food-based inks and gels(凝胶)?Whats more,cooking and eating together with family and friends has long been a traditional and enjoyable activity.It is hard to imagine a world where the pleasure of cooking is dead and meals can be created at the touch of a button.8.Which of the following best describes 3D food printing?AQuick and popular.BEasy and efficient.CNutritious and tasty.DSoft and convenient.9.Why do some think that 3D food printing would be a disaster?ATraditional food would disappear.BMany people could lose their jobs.CIt would affect the peoples health.DWe could all eat the same food.10.What can we infer from the passage?A3D food printing will replace traditional cooking.B3D printing food can treat dysphagia.C3D food printing would hurt our tradition of food culture.D3D food printing would be a failure.11.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A3D Food“Printing”:Coming to the Kitchen.BCan 3D Printing Create Everything?C3D Printing Food Will Be in Fashion!DThe Disadvantage of 3D Food Printing.Bhutan is one of the worlds most mysterious(神秘的)countries.Visiting it can be challenging,but theres a new drive to finally cross it off the bucket list in 2022,as its breathtaking Trans Bhutan Trail(小径)will be reopening to travelers for the first time in 60 years.According to the Bhutan Canada Foundation-the main donor to the restoration project the 250-mile route connects nine districts,28 local governments,one national park and 400 historic and cultural sites.Travelers who follow the entire trail route will cross 18 major bridges and climb 10,000 stairs.It will be possible to walk or mountain bike there.“This is a community-based project in both its building and operation which will restore an ancient cultural treasure and provide a sustainable,net zero carbon experience in the country for travelers,”says Sam Blyth,chair of the Bhutan Canada Foundation.“The Trans Bhutan Trail also reflects the countrys philosophy of Gross National Happiness and will allow the children of Bhutan to walk in the footsteps of their ancestors.”The trails westernmost point is the town of Haa,which is near the border with Tibet,China.The eastern most point is Trashigang,near the border of Indias Arunachal Pradesh state.According to a representative for the Bhutan Canada Foundation,an ambitious walker could cover the whole trail in about a month,but most tourists will likely enjoy shorter parts of the trail on three-,four-,or seven-day trips.Due to its“high value,low impact”tourism strategy,Bhutan averaged just a few thousand visitors in atypical year before COVID-19 occurred.As part of its aim to avoid over tourism,the country charges a mandatory(强制的)$250 per day fee,which includes land transport,accommodations,food and guide service.The cost makes it somewhat prohibitive for many people to visit.And walkers to the Trans Bhutan Trail will have to apply for a permit.They can do this beginning in April.12.What do we know about the Trans Bhutan Trail?AIt connects several national parks.BIt has been left unused for decades.CIt has been maintained by the local governments.DIt is more popular with mountain bikers than walkers.13.What can we infer about the trail from Sam Blyth?AIt allows children to reflect on themselves BIt provides a community experience for travelers CIt teaches people to learn from their happy ancestors.DIt builds a connection between current and past generations.14.What can walkers to the Trans Bhutan Trail do?AChoose from four types of short trips.BCollect ancient treasures along the way.CExplore Haa at the trails easternmost point.DTake a month-long trip to cover the whole trail.15.What is Bhutans tourism strategy?APutting profits first BGiving fines to badly-behaved visitors CDeveloping tourism without putting nature at risk DOffering tourists high-quality accommodations and food.How to choose a college major and develop a career plan Going to college can seem daunting(使人畏惧的),and no small part of that is the prospect of having to choose a major,which will set the course for the rest of your career life.Here are some steps that might help make your decision easier:Step 1:Consider your interests and passions.Do you want a career where youll be able to express yourself,or work with numbers?16 The average person will spend nearly 100,000 hours working in their profession before retirement.Make sure that time will be spent doing something you enjoy!Step 2:Consider how long you want to be in school.If youre pursuing a career in professional fields like medicine or law,you may require more than a four-year degree to get the job that you want.17 Will you want to jump right into a job after you graduate,or do you really want to dive into higher education?These are important when deciding what major is the best fit for you.Step 3:Research prospective careers.If you think you have a career in mind,do some investigating in person or online.Try connecting with people in the field and ask them what challenges they faced in getting their degrees and finding jobs afterwards.18 Their journeys to success might surprise you!Step 4:19 Remember,you dont have to make this decision right away.Taking basic-level courses when you first get to college helps decide your level of interest in pursuing a degree program.Plus,you could always decide to be an Interdisciplinary(跨学科的)studies major!20 Thus,you can discover where your interests lie,and have classes related to the career that you want.AGive yourself enough time to decide.BThink about what you like to do in high school.CWhat if your major conflicts with your parents expectations?DAre you passionate about justice,or do you want to have a career focused on helping people?EIf you cant connect in person,try to find role models online and read about their histories.FThis degree program gives you the freedom and flexibility to take a wide variety of classes.GOn the other hand,there are some careers where a masters degree wont necessarily be helpful.Back in 2017,Kofi Thomas heard about an empty lot in his Brooklyn neighborhood that had become an eyesore(刺眼的东西).Somehow,it had been _.Instead of a narrow,weedy plot of land,Kofi saw the lotas an opportunity to _ his vision.Kofi _ to create a garden for his community.After going through red tape and working late hours to get _,he was given access to 13,000 feet of sunny land in the middle of Bushwick.Kofi and some friends and volunteers set out to _ a decades worth of garbage,broken glass,and fallen trees over several months.After hauling in(拉进)10 tons of soil,they were finally _ to plant.The Good Life Garden _ to the locals in April 2018.It has since become a green space that _ people from all generations to seed,harvest,and eat the food produced by the lot.Kids from nearby schools have learned both how to garden there and more about _ living.Kofi has also made sure the elders in the community get involved by _ a part of the garden for them.Now there are more than 30 older gardeners who regularly garden and share the _ theyve picked up from all over the world.Part of the Good Life Gardens purpose is to share fresh vegetables with neighbors.They _ donate to local womens shelters and other community groups.To date,theyve _ over 10,000 pounds of fresh food!The garden has become a place for all to _ and share.They frequently host art festivals and community picnics to _ diversity and creativity.Every city neighbourhood should have a green space like this one!21.Areported Bdiscovered Coccupied Dforgotten 22.Aachieve Bcorrect Cdescribe Dcontrol 23.Apretended Bregretted Cagreed Dhoped 24.Apromotion Bapproval Cexperience Dpraise 25.Aobserve Bcompare Cclear Dexport 26.Aeager Blikely Cready Dafraid 27.Aopened Bappealed Ccontributed Dbelonged 28.Adefends Bchallenges Crequires Dwelcomes 29.Afuture Bcomfortable Cmodern Dsustainable 30.Areserving Brecommending Cexchanging Dchecking 31.Alanguage Bfortune Cknowledge Dsignal 32.Ararely Bsecretly Croutinely Dsuddenly 33.Adepended on Bsent out Cthrown away Dsearched for 34.Agather Btravel Chide Dshop 35.Areduce Bhandle Cprovide Dcelebrate 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In daily life,body language plays an important part in 36 (communicate).By watching body language,we can learn a lot about 37 people are thinking.Just like the words we use,body language also varies from culture to culture.The crucial thing is that body language should be 38 (appropriate)used.For example,making eye contact in some countries is a way 39 (display)interes
