一轮复习北师大版高中英语单元梳理：必修一 Unit2 Heroes 课件.ppt

Unit2Heroes主题:人与社会子话题:对社会有突出贡献的人物对应教材:必修1Unit2Heroes;选修8Unit24SocietyStep1诵读经典渗透文化意识.细品味经典文章Youthisnotatimeoflife;itisastateofmind;itisnotamatterofrosycheeks,redlipsandsuppleknees;itisamatterofthewill,aqualityoftheimagination,avigoroftheemotions;itisthefreshnessofthedeepspringsoflife.Youthmeansatemperamentalpredominanceofcourageovertimidity,oftheappetiteforadventureovertheloveofease.Thisoftenexistsinamanof60morethanaboyof20.Nobodygrowsoldmerelybyanumberofyears.Wegrowoldbydesertingourideals.Yearsmaywrinkletheskin,buttogiveupenthusiasmwrinklesthesoul.Worry,fear,self-distrustbowstheheartandturnsthespiritbacktodust.Whether60or16,thereisineveryhumanbeingsheartthelureofwonder,theunfailingchildlikeappetiteofwhatsnextandthejoyofthegameofliving.Inthecenterofyourheartandmyheartthereisawirelessstation:solongasitreceivesmessagesofbeauty,hope,cheer,courageandpowerfrommenandfromtheInfinite,solongareyouyoung.Whentheaerialsaredown,andyourspiritiscoveredwithsnowsofcynicismandtheiceofpessimism,thenyouaregrownold,evenat20,butaslongasyouraerialsareup,tocatchwavesofoptimism,thereishopeyoumaydieyoungat80.按要求完成任务1.Readthepassageandunderlinethesentencesdescribingthedefinitionofyouth.Youthisnotatimeoflife;itisastateofmind;itisnotamatterofrosycheeks,redlipsandsuppleknees;itisamatterofthewill,aqualityoftheimagination,avigoroftheemotions;itisthefreshnessofthedeepspringsoflife.Youthmeansatemperamentalpredominanceofcourageovertimidity,oftheappetiteforadventureovertheloveofease.2.Whatisyouropinionaboutyouth?Answersmayvary.Forexample,thoseshouldhaveadream/ambitioninthelongandshortterm.Step2固本强基锻造语言能力.重点词汇1.calmvt.&vi.(使)平静;(使)镇定adj.平静的;镇静的;沉着的【典型例句】Whenweareanxiousorupset,practicingcalligraphycanmakeuscalmdownandturnreasonable.当我们焦虑不安的时候,练习书法可以使我们平静下来,变得理智。【词块必记】(1)calm(sb.)down(使某人)平静下来;镇静下来stay/keep/becalm保持镇静(2)calmlyadv.安静地,平静地【知识拓展】类似同义词辨析calm平静的,沉着的,指风平浪静或人的情绪平静quiet宁静的,安静的,指没有声音,不吵闹silent寂静的,沉默的,指不说话或没有声音still静止的,不动的,指人或物静止不动【语境速测】单句语法填空Despitefeelingangerandconcern,weshouldcalm_andthinkseriouslyaboutwhythishappened.Igotupandwalked_(calm)outintotheearlyevening.完成句子Dontpanicorgetoutofline,andtryto_(保持安静和镇静).downcalmlyremainquietandcalm.请用calm,silent,still,quiet填空Whenfacingdanger,oneshouldkeep_;whentakenphotosof,oneshouldkeep_;whensomeoneelseisasleep,oneshouldkeep_;inclass,oneshouldntkeep_abouttheteachersquestions.calmstillquietsilent2.equaladj.平等的,相等的,能胜任的;n.(地位等)相同的人;对手;相等的事物vt.等于,比得上【典型例句】Acoupletmusthavethefollowingfeatures:one,eachlinehavinganequalnumberofcharacters,andthesamesensegroups;two,strictlyadheringtothetonalpatterns.对联必须具备以下特点:一要字数相等,断句一致;二要平仄相合,音调和谐。【词块必记】(1)beequalto(doing)sth.等于/胜任(做)某事(2)AequalsBin.A在方面比得上B/与B相匹敌(3)onequalterms在对等的条件下(be)withoutequal/havenoequal无与伦比(4)equalityn.平等equallyadv.相等地;同等地;均等地;同样地【语境速测】单句语法填空Anymanwillbeequal_thetask,solongasheiscareful.Whatevereducationyoureceive,youcanbe_(equal)successfulwithyourhardwork.RosaParkswasrespectedbytheblackpeoplebecauseshehadfoughtfor_(equal)allherlife.toequallyequality语段填词Maryisaclevergirl_,shethinksshehas_and_thesameworkasboys,she_anddemandsthatsheshould_andhersalaryshould_thatofboys.玛丽是个无与伦比聪明的女孩,她认为她有与男孩平等的权利,并且能胜任与男孩相同的工作。她渴望平等,要求被平等地对待,并且薪水与男孩一样。withoutequalequalrightisequaltolooksforwardtoequalitybetreatedequallyequal3.strugglevt.&n.挣扎,斗争,拼搏【典型例句】Idontthinkitiswisetoneglectadevotedhumanfriendbutfavorthephone,becausehumanfriendscanpushusoninthefiercestruggleinlifewhilephonesareonlyourtools.我认为忽视一个忠诚的人类朋友而选择手机是不明智的,因为人类朋友可以在生活的激烈抗争中推动我们,而手机只是我们的工具。【词块必记】strugglefor为而斗争strugglewith/againstsb./sth.与某人/某物作斗争struggletodosth.努力做某事struggletoonesfeet挣扎着站起来【语境速测】单句语法填空Despitehisimpressiverecord,Federerhasbeenstruggling_theothertopplayersofthisgeneration,includingRafaelNadalandNovakDjokovic.Hestruggled_(find)hisplaceintheworldwhilehewasgrowingupinatoughneighborhoodofMiami.Theyhadtostruggle_theirlivesagainstweatherandwildanimals.完成句子Theyhadto_againsttheextremecoldweatherintheNorthPole.为了生存它们不得不与北极极寒的天气斗争。against/withtofindforstrugglefortheirlives/struggletolivetheirlife4.reactvi.反应【典型例句】Ifwepaynoattentiontotheirstruggleforequalrights,theymayreacttoitbyothermeans.如果我们不在意他们为争取平等权利所做的斗争,他们可能会以其他方式作出反应。【词块必记】(1)reactto对作出反应reactwith与起(化学)反应reactagainst反对;反抗reacton/upon对有影响(2)reactionn.反应inreactionto对的反应【语境速测】单句语法填空Soyouwillneedtogiveyourfriendtimetoreact_you.完成句子_whatthechildrenhavedone?这位老师对孩子们所做的事会做出什么反应?Itdependson/uponwhetherthey_.这取决于他们是否违背他的原则。toHowwilltheteacherreacttohavereactedagainsthisprinciple句式升级用主语从句连接句Howtheteacherwillreacttowhatthechildrenhavedonedependson/petevi.比赛,竞争【典型例句】Wecancompetewithstudentsfromotheruniversitiesindebateorspeechcontests.我们可以在辩论赛或演讲比赛中与其他大学的学生竞争。【词块必记】(1)competefor.为而竞争competewith/against.与竞争competein.在方面竞争;参加比赛(2)competitionn.竞争,竞赛competitorn.参赛者;对手competitiveadj.竞争性的【语境速测】单句语法填空Theseoutsidevaluesoftencompete_familyvaluesforyourchildsattention.Amazonwillhaveanimpactonthemarketplace,butitiscomingintoanalreadyvery_(compete)market.完成句子Asalongdistanceswimmer,shewould_.作为一名长距离游泳运动员,她将与自己竞争。Inthefuturelife,wehaveto_.在未来的人生中,我们不得不与其他人竞争。withcompetitivecompeteagainstherselfcompetewithothers.核心短语6.giveup放弃,让给,停止【典型例句】Worsestill,Itookmanyfallsoffthebike.Iwasabouttogiveupwhenmyfathercameandencouragedmetokeepgoing.更糟的是,我从自行车上摔下来很多次。我正要放弃的时候,这时父亲来了,鼓励我继续前进。【词块必记】(1)giveup+n./doing放弃某物/做某事(2)giveoneselfuptosb.向自首,投降giveoff发出(气味、光、热等)giveout分发;用完;耗尽;发布givein屈服,让步giveaway赠送;分发;泄露;出卖【语境速测】单句语法填空IrealizedthatIshouldntgive_anopportunitytoseehim.Mymoneywasbeginningtogive_andtherewerenojobstobefound.Theozonelayerblockssomeharmfulrayswhichthesungives_.Igave_tocuriosityandopenedtheletteraddressedtohim.Sincetheexaminationisaroundthecorner,Iamcompelledtogiveup_(do)sports.upoutoffindoing7.geton融洽相处;进展;上(车、船等);继续进行下去【典型例句】MydadandIputonournewcowboyhats,gotonourhorses,andheadedslowlytowardsthemountains.我爸爸和我戴上我们新的牛仔帽,骑上马,慢慢地向山上行进。【词块必记】(1)getonwithsb./sth.与某人相处/某事进展如何(2)getawayfrom避免;摆脱;离开getdownto(doing)sth.认真着手(做)某事getridof去掉,克服getthrough完成;通过(考试);打通电话【语境速测】写出黑体部分的含义Igetonbetterwitheveryoneinthecompany,whichmakesmyjobsomuchfun.()Bacteriacanspreadthroughoutthekitchenandgetoncuttingboards,knives,andcountertops.()完成句子Inaddition,everystudentcanbeinharmonywithforeignfriends,whichmakesiteasyforyou_.此外,每个学生与外国朋友要和睦,这使你们容易与他们相处。融洽相处融洽相处蔓延蔓延togetalong/onwiththem8.ononesown独立地,自主地【典型例句】MostChinesecollegestudentsfindithardtoadjusttolivingontheirown.大多数中国大学生认为适应独立生活比较困难。【词块必记】ofonesown属于某人自己的(常作后置定语)ononesown=byoneself/alone(常作状语)getonesownback报复holdonesown坚守住,不退让【语境速测】单句语法填空Tohavesometime_herown,Bechtelpreferredtogooutforlunch.单句改错Everyoneshouldlearntobeindependentanddotheirworkoftheirown.()完成句子Ourchildrenaregrownupandhavechildren_.我们的子女都已长大成人,有了自己的孩子。onofonoftheirown.经典句式9.Jenniferwasinthekitchen,withherhandsinabowlofflour.珍妮弗在厨房里,双手放在一碗面粉里【句型公式】(1)句中withherhandsinabowlofflour为with复合结构,即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。这种结构常用于补充说明,大多数情况下作状语,表示伴随、原因、时间等,有时作后置定语。(2)with复合结构的构成:(3)在“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,不定式表示将来的动作;现在分词说明这一动作和前面的宾语之间是主动关系,或者指这一动作正在进行;过去分词说明这一动作与前面的宾语之间是被动关系,或者指这一动作已完成。【语境速测】单句语法填空Moreover,withthestadium_(found),awiderangeofsportseventsareabletobeheld.Withalotofdifficultproblems_(settle),thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.foundedtosettle同义句转换Thescientistfelthewasfartoobusyasalmostallhistimewastakenupbywork.Thescientistfelthewasfartoobusy_bywork.Thescientistfelthewasfartoobusywithwork_.完成句子Dontstand_.站着的时候别把双手插在口袋里。withalmostallhistimetakenuptakingupalmostallhistimewithyourhandsinyourpockets10.Wearedrivingalongacountrylanewhensuddenlyacardrovepastus.我们正沿着一条乡村车道行驶,这时突然有一辆轿车超过了我们。【典型例句】Iwasgivingupwhenmyfathercameandencouragedmetokeepgoing.我正要放弃,这时父亲来了,鼓励我继续前进。【句型公式】(1)“bedoing.when.”固定句式,表示“正在做某事,这时(突然)”。其中when是并列连词,不能换成while,as,then等。(2)when用作并列连词句型归纳:beabouttodo.when.正打算做这时hadjustdone.when.刚做了这时beonthepointofdoing.when.正要做这时【语境速测】单句语法填空Justlastyear,I_(conduct)aworkshopwhensomeoneknockedattheclassroomdoor.wasconducting语段填词Thechildren_bytheriver_theysawadrowninglittledogintheriverandthey_swimtosaveit_itstartedtostrugglebacktowardsthebank.It_safelyontheshore_itrainedheavily.Allthechildrenwerewetbutgladforit.孩子们正在河边玩时看到河里有条落水的小狗。他们正要游泳去救它,突然它开始挣扎着往岸边游了过来。它刚刚安全地上岸,突然下起大雨。所有的孩子都淋湿了但都为它感到高兴。wereplayingwhenwereabouttowhenhadjustarrivedwhen【备选要点】1.confidentadj.确信的;自信的【典型例句】TheChinesepeopletreasurepeaceandweabsolutelydonotengageininvasionandexpansion.However,wehavetheconfidencetoconquerallformsofinvasion.中国人民珍爱和平,我们决不搞侵略扩张,但我们有战胜一切侵略的信心。【词块必记】(2)confidencen.信心,自信with(great)confidence(很)有把握地,(很)自信地haveconfidencein对有信心(3)confidentlyadv.自信地;确信地【语境速测】单句语法填空Mikesaid_(confident)thathewouldbesuccessfulinthematch.Nobodyknowswhetherhehasenough_(confident)tocarryonthiscareer.Themanagerisconfident_thewaybusinessisprogressing.confidentlyconfidenceabout/of完成句子/句式升级I_ourfuture.我对我们的未来充满信心。_Chinawillbemorepowerfulthanmostofthewesterncountriesinthefollowing50years.我相信中国在未来五十年内会比大部分西方国家更强大。用分词短语把合并为一句_haveconfidenceinImconfidentthatHavingconfidenceinourfuture,ImconfidentthatCetodosomething开始认识、理解【文化金句】Asthelegendtells,fireisprohibitedduringtheQingmingFestival,sopeoplecometojoinsomesportsactivitiestokeepwarmandavoidharmscausedbycolddishes.据传说,清明节期间禁止生火,所以人们开始参加一些体育活动,以保持温暖,避免凉菜造成的伤害。【词块必记】(2)whenitcomesto.当谈到的时候【语境速测】单句语法填空Ihopetomakefriendswithyouandcome_(understand)eachother.WhenHenrycameto_(he),hefoundhimselflyinginbed.完成句子Youwilloftenbelinkedtoyourfamily_.当涉及你的性格时,你经常会和你的家庭联系在一起。tounderstandhimselfwhenitcomestoyourcharacterStep3强化检测提升学习能力.单句语法填空1.(2020江苏高考)Hesaidphoneboxescalledtomindanage_thingswerebuilttolast.2.(2019全国卷)Yourpersonalcircumstancesare_(equal)important.3.(2019江苏高考)Childrenlovethesmalltrainandplaygroundsandthereisplentymore_(explore)atthemuseum.4.(2020全国卷)Donttakeit_(personal).5.(2020新高考全国卷)Museumsmustcompete_peoplessparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.whenequallytoexplorepersonallyfor.完成句子1.(2020浙江高考)ThelastthingIsawwasDonsface,looking_(平静地回头看着我).2.(2019天津高考)Inthefuture,_(随着我们的控制能力的增加)biologicalage,wemayhaveevenfewercandlesonourbirthdaycakethanthepreviousone.3.(2019天津高考)_(当在陆地上时),wekilledofflargepredatorsuchaswolves.calmlybackatmewithadvancesinourabilitytocontrolWhileonland4.(2018江苏高考)Children_(和家人朋友一起使用社交媒体玩游戏)whentheyareinprimaryschool.5.(2020新高考全国卷)InSamarkand,MrBissell_(欣赏了一些著名建筑),whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.areusingsocialmediawithfamilyandfriendsandtoplaygamesadmiresthearchitecturalwonders.语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)Johnisamanofgoodcharacter,becausehealwayskeeps1._(calm)inanemergency.Therefore,allthepeoplewhogeton2._withhimandevencompete3._himinworkadmirehim.Oneday,he4._(ride)hisbikeonthewayhomewhenhenoticedamanlyingontheground.Hestoppedandfoundthemangot5._(injure)seriouslybecauseofatrafficaccident.Hisfirstreaction6._itwastocallthe120andthenhecheckedthemantoconfirmwhetherhewasaliveornot.Whentheambulancearrivedatthespot,allthedoctors7._(involve)themselvesinthefirstaidandthoughthighlyofhim,sayinghewasequal8._beingadoctor.calmwellwithwasridinginjuredtoinvolvedtoWhenitcameto9._end,thelocalmediareportedhisdeed.Hegavehis10._(opinion)thathewouldcontinuetohelppeopleinneedwiththecitizensencouraginghimconfidently.anopinionStep4直击高考培养思维品质核心素养了解中外古代、近代思想家、伟人及其思想、文化和重要发明,增强文化意识高考链接2020全国卷语法填空;2018浙江高考阅读理解A;2017浙江高考阅读理解A;2016全国卷阅读理解A.话题与阅读理解(2018浙江高考阅读理解A)In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.PeoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacenturymostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy(识字)rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike“Byalady”.Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharactersfromOliverTwisttoTinyTimwereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickensgreatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon(名人堂)ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to1901;todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenofthem.ItspartlytruethatDickensstyleofwritingattractedaudiencesfromallwalksoflife.Itspartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.Butitsalsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfatthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchadistinguishedwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossibleandimportantforourownculturetounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.【文章大意】这是一篇写于狄更斯诞辰200周年纪念前夕的文章,介绍了英国小说的产生和兴盛,以及狄更斯在英国小说界的地位。1.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18thcentury?A.Theyweredifficulttounderstand.B.Theywerepopularamongtherich.C.Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.D.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.可知,18世纪的英国小说被看不起,被认为是愚蠢的,邪恶的,坏透了的。与C选项中的worthless基本一致,故选C。2.DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress_.A.hisreputationinFranceB.hisinterestinmodernartC.hissuccessinpublicationD.hisimportanceinliterature【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中TodayDickensgreatnessisunchallenged.可知,文章把狄更斯与蒙娜丽莎作比较,是利用蒙娜丽莎在艺术界的地位来类比狄更斯在文学界的地位。故选D。3.Whatistheauthorspurposeinwritingthetext?A.Torememberagreatwriter.B.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.C.Toencouragestudiesonculture.D.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.【解析】选A。目的意图题。根据最后一段中Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,.可知,本文写于狄更斯诞辰200周年纪念前夕,显然是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选A。【微技能点拨】推断题的应对策略推理判断题要求在理解表面文字的基础上,做出判断和推论,从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思,也就是通过文章中的文字信息,上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息,推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。如本文第3题判断本文的写作目的,根据文中对CharlesDickens及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写,和文章最后Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossibleandimportantforourownculturetounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.可知,本文是写于CharlesDickens诞辰200周年前夕,由此推断作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。【语用提能】话题词汇mournv.悼念,touchstonen.试金石,distinguishedadj.著名的;卓越的短语句式forthemostpart在极大程度上,look.uponas.把看作Removinghimfromthepantheon(名人堂)ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.把他(狄更斯)从英国文学名人堂移除,就像卢浮宫将蒙娜丽莎卖掉一样。熟词新义datevt.把时间定到【微语法填空】(2018浙江高考阅读理解A改编)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。CharlesDickensisoneofthemost1._(influence)writersintheworld.influentialIn1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novels2._(publish)inBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacenturybutnobodywantedtodoit3._(professional).Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy(识字)rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffiction4._(appear)withoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike“Byalady”.Novels,forthemostpart,5._(look)uponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.publishedprofessionallyappearedwerelookedIn1870,6._Dickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadled7._explosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadership.Inhislife,hecreatedvariousfamous8._(character)fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim.TodayDickensgreatnessisunch