Unit4Discoveringusefulstructures课件--高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册.pptx

1.China became the third country in the world toindependentlysendhumansintospacein 2003.2.This signalled one step further in Chinas plan toestablishaspace station in the future.3.More recently,China has sent Change 4 toexplorethe surface of the far side of the moon tomakemeasurements and observations.4.Europe,the US,and China all have plans tofurtherstudyand explore planets like Mars and Jupiter.5.Despite the difficulties,scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us tounderstandhow the universe began,but also help us survive well into the future.Infinitive动词不定式动词不定式(todo)B3U4GrammarInfinitivesLookatthefollowingsentencesandfocusontheitalicisedinfinitives.Inpairs,discusstheirfunctionsandmeanings.1.Itrainedforalongtimeto fly airplanesasafighterpilot.2.Asweallknow,anastronautneedstobehealthyandcalmin order to work inspace.3.To do that sort of thingisfoolish.4.Thecompanyrefusedto cooperate with us.5.On12April1961,YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldto gointospace.6.Theydontallowpeopleto smoke in the theater.adverbialadverbialsubjectobjectattributeobjectcomplement主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般式一般式todotobedone进行进行式式tobedoing完成完成式式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成进行完成进行式式tohavebeendoing动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式的时态和语态1.全全家家人去了海边度假。人去了海边度假。Thewholefamilywenttotheseaside_.2.他起来之后，发现所有人都走了。他起来之后，发现所有人都走了。Hewokeup,_.3.听到那个不幸的消息，我们都很震惊。听到那个不幸的消息，我们都很震惊。Allofuswereshocked_.目目的状语的状语Todo做状做状语1.表目的：表目的：todo,inorderto,soasto2.表表结果果:tofind,enoughto,onlyto,tooto3.表原因：表原因：sb+be+adj.(情感情感类形容形容词）+todotospendtheirholidayonlytofindeverybodygonetohearthesadnews结果状语结果状语原因状语原因状语to do 作状语作状语练习：练习：1.为了赶上第一班公共汽车，他很早就起床了。为了赶上第一班公共汽车，他很早就起床了。To/Inordertocatchthefirstbus,hegotupearly.2.听到这个消息，她很失望。听到这个消息，她很失望。Sheisdisappointedtohearthenews.3.他他到了火车站，却发现火到了火车站，却发现火车已车已经走了经走了。Hearrivedatthetrainstation,onlytofindthetrainhadalreadyleft.目目的状语的状语结果状语结果状语原因状语原因状语to do 作状语作状语1.我每天有很多作业要做。我每天有很多作业要做。Ihavealotofhomeworktofinisheveryday.2.他有个很重要的问题要思考。他有个很重要的问题要思考。Hehasanimportantproblemtothinkabout.3.这房子住着很舒适。这房子住着很舒适。Thehouseiscomfortabletolivein.4.你是第五个被邀请去她生日晚会的人。你是第五个被邀请去她生日晚会的人。Youarethefifthmantobeinvitedtoherbirthdayparty.n.+be+adj.+todoSb./Sth.+be+序数序数词/next/last+n.todosth.某人某人/某物第几个做某事某物第几个做某事Todo作定作定语Sb.havesth.todoTherebesth.todo.to do 作定语作定语完完成这个项目需要很多时间。成这个项目需要很多时间。_takesagreatdealoftime.她今天的目标是要记住她今天的目标是要记住20个单词个单词Heraimtodayis_步步行对年轻人和老人都是一种很好的行对年轻人和老人都是一种很好的锻炼锻炼方式。方式。_isagoodformofexerciseforboththeyoungandtheold.她的工作是照顾那些小孩。她的工作是照顾那些小孩。Herjobis_.doing做主做主/表：抽象的，一般的行为表：抽象的，一般的行为todo做主做主/表：具体的，特定的行为表：具体的，特定的行为Tofinishtheprojecttoremember20words.Walkinglookingafterthosechildrento do 作主作主/表语表语1.Youwerequitewithinyourrightstorefuse_(cooperate)withhim.2.Hehadpromised_(give)meahand.你你决定了接下来做什么了吗？决定了接下来做什么了吗？Haveyoudecided_?你认为掌握一门外语有必要吗？你认为掌握一门外语有必要吗？Doyouthink_.tocooperatetogiveitnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguagewhattodonext不定式有不定式有时和和连接代接代/副副词一起构成一起构成宾语；作；作宾语的不定式有的不定式有宾语补足足语，常用，常用it作形式作形式宾语.常接不定式做宾语的动词有：常接不定式做宾语的动词有：afford,agree,aim,arrange,ask,attempt,begin,bother,continue,dare,decide,demand,expect,fail,hate,hope,learn,long,manage,mean,need,offer,plan,prefer,prepare,promise,refuse,want,wishto do 作宾语作宾语我发现跟他一起工作很困难。我发现跟他一起工作很困难。I find it hard to work with him.I find to work with him hard.feel,find,make,think,believe,consider接不接不定式做定式做宾语,补语是形容是形容词(间或是名或是名词),常用常用it作形式作形式宾语,把不定式后移把不定式后移.to do 作宾语作宾语1.医生让他戒烟。医生让他戒烟。Thedoctorsmadehimgiveupsmoking.2.我看见他把你的字典拿走了。我看见他把你的字典拿走了。Isawhimtakeyourdictionaryaway.3.有人看见他进了房间。有人看见他进了房间。Hewasseentoentertheroom.4.我们不允许这样的事情再发生。我们不允许这样的事情再发生。Wedontallowsuchthingstohappenagain.主动语态不带主动语态不带to，被动语态，被动语态to不能省略不能省略1.使役动词使役动词：get,set,leave,make,have,let2.感官动词感官动词:see,hear,feel,notice,observeetc.to do 作宾补作宾补wantsb.todosth.wishsb.todosthlikesb.todosthexpectsb.todosthleavesb.todosth.hatesb.todosthlovesb.todosthdislikesb.todosthprefersb.todosthasksb.todosthtellsb.todosthordersb.todosthinvitesb.todosthteachsb.todosthgetsb.todosthforcesb.todosthbegsb.todosthallowsb.todosthpermitsb.todosth