Unit 1 Grammar 课件-牛津译林版英语八年级下册.pptx
现在完成时现在完成时Unit1 Grammar 一一.构成构成：have/has+动词动词过去分词过去分词二二.意义意义1）过去开始过去开始一直一直延续到现在延续到现在的动作或状态。的动作或状态。She has lived here since she was born.I have taught English for 18 years.You have studied in this school since 2014.注意：注意：动词必须为动词必须为延续性延续性动词。动词。1.Mygrandmother_alotofchangesinTianjinsinceshecamehere.A.seesB.canseeC.willseeD.hasseen2）发生在过去发生在过去，对现在有影响对现在有影响的动作。的动作。I have lost my key,so I cant get into my house.Who has cleaned the window?Its really clean.The bus has left,you must wait for the next one.I have seen the film.I wont see it tonight.3）到目前为止，事情发生的）到目前为止，事情发生的次数次数。I have already read this book many times.My uncle has been to France twice.How many times have you been to Beijing?二、二、Unit1 现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成P12-141.现在完成时的肯定句句型现在完成时的肯定句句型主语主语（I/They/We/You)+have（第三人称复数）（第三人称复数）+have+动词过去分词动词过去分词（He/She/It）+has Wehavefinishedourhomework.Ihavefinishedmyhomework.Hehasfinishedhishomework.I/They/We/Youhave+not+过去分词过去分词He/She/Ithas缩写形式缩写形式 has not=hasnt have not=havent 2.现在完成时的否定句句型现在完成时的否定句句型主语主语+have/has+not+动词动词过去分词过去分词+Ihavenotseenthemovieyet.HehasntbeentoBeijingsincethene.g.MrChen_toanyothercityyet.(notmove）Thesnow_yet.(notmelt融化）融化）hasntmovedhasntmelted(3)(3)一般疑问句及回答一般疑问句及回答-Have+I/you/we/they+p.p(过去分词）过去分词）+其它？其它？-Yes,I/you/we/they have.-No,I/you/we/they havent.-Has+she/he/it+p.p(过去分词）过去分词）+其它？其它？-Yes,she/he/it has.-No,she/he/it hasnt.e.g.1.-_youever_XiaoCaiqibefore?(meet）2.-_she _verypopularrecently?（become)Have met-No,I havent.Has become-Yes,She has.一一.构成构成：have/has+动词动词过去分词过去分词二二.意义意义1）过去开始过去开始一直延续到现在一直延续到现在的动作或状态。的动作或状态。2）发生在过去发生在过去，对现在有影响对现在有影响的动作。的动作。3）到目前为止，事情发生的）到目前为止，事情发生的次数次数。You have studied in this school since 2014.Who has cleaned the window?its really clean.My uncle has been to France twice.现在完成时的不同句式：现在完成时的不同句式：She has lived in Wuxi since 2002.Has she lived in Wuxi since 2002?Yes,she has./No,she hasnt.She hasnt lived in Wuxi since 2002.How long has she lived in Wuxi?现在完成时的不同句式：现在完成时的不同句式：They have been to Shanghai three times.Have they been to Shanghai three times?Yes,they have./No,they havent.They havent been to Shanghai three times.How many times have they been to Shanghai?三、现在完成时的标志词三、现在完成时的标志词P12,P40 TIPS现在完成时的时间副词和时间短语现在完成时的时间副词和时间短语Wehavealreadyfinishedourhomework.我们已完成作业了。我们已完成作业了。Theyhaventfinishedtheirhomeworkyet.他们还没有完成作业。他们还没有完成作业。句末句末1.already已经已经肯定句肯定句yet还，仍还，仍否定句否定句/一般疑问句一般疑问句-IhaveneverbeentotheGreatWall.我从未去过长城。我从未去过长城。2.ever曾经曾经肯定句肯定句/一般疑问句一般疑问句never从未从未否定句否定句如如:-HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?2.你曾经去过长城吗你曾经去过长城吗?Hehasjusteatentenapples.他刚吃完十个苹果。他刚吃完十个苹果。3.just:刚刚刚刚Ihavejustseenher,butIdontknowwheresheisnow.我刚看见她，但我不知道她现在在哪。我刚看见她，但我不知道她现在在哪。4.4.当在肯定陈述句中含有当在肯定陈述句中含有alreadyalready或或just just 时，时，在转换成否定句或疑问句时，要把句中的在转换成否定句或疑问句时，要把句中的already already 或或just just 去掉，在句末加上去掉，在句末加上yet.yet.肯定句肯定句 否定句否定句/疑问句疑问句 already/justalready/just yet(yet(句末句末)I havent seen the film yet.I have done my homework already.I havent done my homework yet.Mother has just cleaned the house.Mother hasnt cleaned the house yet.I have seen the film already.1.Ivealreadyhaddinner.(否否)I_dinner_.2.Hehasjustfinishedhishomework.(否否)He_hishomework_.3.Mumhascookedthedinner.(否否)Mum_thedinner.4.Ihavedonemyhomework.(疑疑)_youdoneyourhomework_?5.Ihaveriddenahorse.(疑疑)_you_riddenahorse?haventhadyethasnt finishedyethasntcooked.将下列句子改为否定句或疑问句。将下列句子改为否定句或疑问句。HaveyetHaveeverMyfatherhaslivedherefor20years.5.since自从自从+过去的时间点过去的时间点/一般过去时从句一般过去时从句for长达长达+一段时间一段时间表示表示过去开始过去开始一直一直延续到现在延续到现在的动作或状态。的动作或状态。我爸爸在这住了二十年了我爸爸在这住了二十年了。Myfatherhaslivedheresince20yearsago.自爸爸到无锡以来自爸爸到无锡以来,就一直住在这儿。就一直住在这儿。MyfatherhaslivedheresincehecametoWuxi.6.just刚刚刚刚,刚才刚才before以前以前recently最近最近,近来近来uptonow/sofar到现在为止到现在为止,迄今为止迄今为止once/twice/three times/how many times in/during/over the past/last years/.movelivelovelikevisitrepairwatchfinishvisited visited repaired repairedwatched watchedfinished finishedmoved moved lived lived loved loved liked liked verbed以以e结尾结尾d过去分词的构成过去分词的构成1.加加 ed/dstopmoptrapplanstopped stopped mopped moppedtrapped trappedplanned planned注注:以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写最后一个辅音字母双写最后一个辅音字母ed双写双写edstudy hurrystudied studiedhurried hurried去去yied注注:以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的词结尾的词,去去yied.2.不规则：不规则：1.No change 没变化没变化 come come hurt hurt 2.Change the vowel 变元音变元音 hold held win won 3.Change the consonant 变辅音变辅音 lend lent build built 4.Change the vowel and the consonant 变元音和辅音变元音和辅音 catch caught keep kept forget forgotten tell told 5.Others 其它其它 be been have had fall fallen fly flown draw drawn see seen Turn to page 122 and 123.不规则变化P122-123A short test(P14 Part A)1.borrow_7.send_2.hope_8.watch_3.make_9.say_4.get_10.grow_5.plan_11.hit_6.cry_12.enjoy_borrowedhopedmadegotplannedcriedsentwatchedsaidgrownhitenjoyedPart B1.They _(finish)their homework already.2.John _ never _(visit)China.3.Mr Li _(repair)over ten bicycles since Monday.4.We _(not see)each other for years.5.My parents _(not come)back yet.6.Our teacher _(teach)us a lot about the history of China.have finishedhas visitedhas repairedhavent seenhave not comehas taught1._youever_withagroup?Yes,Ihave.A.Did,studyB.Are,studyingC.Were,studyingD.Have,studied2.Lucy,_you_yourticket?Notyet.A.did;findB.have;found C.has;foundD.do;findI.Multiple choice.3.Mygrandmother_alotofchangesinTianjinsinceshecamehere.A.seesB.canseeC.willseeD.hasseen4.Myauntisawriter.She_morethantenbookssince1980.A.writesB.wroteC.haswrittenD.willwrite 5.Whywontyougotothemoviewithme,Gina?BecauseI_ittwice.A.seeB.haveseenC.sawD.willsee6.Chinadevelopssofast.Thatstrue.It_alotalready.A.changesB.changedC.willchangeD.haschanged7.Idliketointroducemybestfriendtoyou,Peter.Thankyou,Lucy.Butwe_already.A.meetB.metC.willmeetD.havemet8.Since2000,Jingmenhasbecomeanewcity.Everything_.A.ischangedB.waschangedC.hadchangedD.haschanged 9.Juliaisntgoingtothecinemawithusbecauseshe_thefilm.A.seesB.sawC.willseeD.hasseen10.Lookatthesestamps.I_themforfiveyears.Wow,theyarewonderful.A.keptB.havekeptC.haveboughtChattime:M:_you_(see)anyfilmsrecently,Sandy?S:No,I_.Whataboutyou?M:Yes,I_(see)onelastSaturday.S:Whatsitabout?M:ItsaboutthechangesinBeijingoverthepastcentury.Fromthisfilm,I_(learn)moreaboutBeijingsandpastandpresent.S:Oh,IthinkI_(hear)aboutthefilm.Doyouplantoseeitagain?M:Yes,Idliketo.Haveseenhaventsawhavelearnt/edhaveheard1.I_(have)dinner.Iamfull.2.We_(read)thisstory.Itisgreat.3.They_(see)themovietwice.4.She_(buy)somenicetoys.See?There.5.Hurryup!Lunch_already_(begin).6.We_(wash)ourclothes.Theyrecleannow.7._heever_(ride)abike?havehadhavereadhaveseenhasboughthavewashedII.Fill in the blanks.HasriddenhasbegunIV.Put the following sentences into English.1.你已经制作好生日贺卡了吗？你已经制作好生日贺卡了吗？_makingthebirthdaycard_?2.我已经吃过早饭了，现在一点也不饿。我已经吃过早饭了，现在一点也不饿。I_breakfast,andnowIamnothungryatall.3.你这周日准备做什么？你这周日准备做什么？还没决定。还没决定。WhatareyougoingtodothisSunday?I_.havealreadyeatenHaveyou finishedyethaventdecidedyet4.你读过你读过哈利哈利波特波特这本书么？这本书么？是的，我已经读过好多遍了。是的，我已经读过好多遍了。_you_thebook Harry Porter?Yes,I_itseveraltimes.5.自从自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。年以来，他一直住在这儿。He_heresince1978.Havereadhavealreadyreadhaslived
