中考英语选词填空解题技巧.pptx

选词填空解题技巧v选词填空对于众多考生而言，有一定的难度。命题人选择一选词填空对于众多考生而言，有一定的难度。命题人选择一篇长度在篇长度在230个单词左右的文章，从中挖去个单词左右的文章，从中挖去10个单词，文章个单词，文章后面提供后面提供10或或12个备选项，要求考生选择合适的选项填入文个备选项，要求考生选择合适的选项填入文章，使整篇文章能够通顺、流畅。选词填空要求考生既要看章，使整篇文章能够通顺、流畅。选词填空要求考生既要看懂文章的大意，又要认识并了解所列单词的词性和基本搭配。懂文章的大意，又要认识并了解所列单词的词性和基本搭配。该部分测试重点在于把握文章的结构，主要考查考生对诸如：该部分测试重点在于把握文章的结构，主要考查考生对诸如：连贯性、一致性、逻辑关系等语篇、语段整体特征以及单词连贯性、一致性、逻辑关系等语篇、语段整体特征以及单词在实际语境中运用的理解，即要求考生在理解全文的基础上在实际语境中运用的理解，即要求考生在理解全文的基础上弄清文章的宏观结构并具体细化到对每个单词的微观理解上弄清文章的宏观结构并具体细化到对每个单词的微观理解上面。其目的是测试学生综合运用语言的能力，考查学生对文面。其目的是测试学生综合运用语言的能力，考查学生对文章的理解能力以及运用词汇和语法结构的能力。章的理解能力以及运用词汇和语法结构的能力。选词填空选词填空选词填空和完形填空的区别选词填空和完形填空的区别1.完形填空每题都是四选一，选词填空第一题要十选一，难度完形填空每题都是四选一，选词填空第一题要十选一，难度加大；加大；2.完形填空每题的四个选项都是统一的词性，只需要辨析词义、完形填空每题的四个选项都是统一的词性，只需要辨析词义、搭配就基本可以作答，而选词填空的十个选项有多个词性，搭配就基本可以作答，而选词填空的十个选项有多个词性，解题时需要同时判断词性和词义，难度加大；解题时需要同时判断词性和词义，难度加大；3.完形填空每题的四个选项往往都是统一时态，统一形式，而完形填空每题的四个选项往往都是统一时态，统一形式，而在选词填空中会涉及选项的动词时态、第三人称单数形式、在选词填空中会涉及选项的动词时态、第三人称单数形式、被动主动语态，名词的单复数等的辨析，难度加大被动主动语态，名词的单复数等的辨析，难度加大。解题步骤：1.在拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标记对对备备选选的的词词汇汇进进行行研研究究、对对词词性性作作简简单单的的标标记记，即即词词性性分分类类。名名词词n.动动词词v.,形形容容词词adj.副词副词adv.连词连词conj.代词代词pron.数词数词num冠词冠词art.介词介词prep.同时理解词义。同时理解词义。2.通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子，充通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子，充分理解短文的内容，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信分理解短文的内容，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。3.在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。1）当当选选定定名名词词.时时，考考虑虑其其单单复复数数形形式式，名名词词（单单复复数数）所所有有格格及及其其形形容容词词形式等形式等例如：match-matches,friend-friends/friends。其他还要考虑名词是名词是否需要变成形容词否需要变成形容词，例如：sun-sunny,use-useful/useless/used,danger-dangerous；2)当当选选定定v动动词词时时,考考虑虑其其时时态态，语语态态，非非谓谓语语动动词词(动词不定式-todo,现在分词-doing,过去分词-done),形式及固定搭配形式及固定搭配。例如：例如：like doing sth3)当选定形容词副词当选定形容词副词.时。考虑原级，比较级，最高级，他们之间的相时。考虑原级，比较级，最高级，他们之间的相互转换及形容词转换为名词互转换及形容词转换为名词例如：例如：interestingmore/themostinteresting,happyhappily，happyhappiness;4)当当选选定定代代词词时时,考考虑虑其其主主格格，宾宾格格，名名词词性性物物主主代代词词，形形容容词词性性物物主主代词和反身代词的用法。代词和反身代词的用法。She,he,they5）选定）选定数词，要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的数词，要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如：用法，例如：threethird,2/3twothirds,onethousand/thousandsof6)当选定冠词时当选定冠词时,判别判别a,an,与与the7)当选定介词、连词当选定介词、连词.时时,符合上下文逻辑或固定搭配。符合上下文逻辑或固定搭配。In,but记忆顺口溜：记忆顺口溜：空前空后要注意，空前空后要注意，“名词名词”单复数要牢记，还有单复数要牢记，还有s不能弃，不能弃，“动动词词”注意要变形，注意要变形，“形副形副”注意要用三种级，要填注意要用三种级，要填“数词数词”请留意，请留意，千万别忘千万别忘“基基”和和“序序”，填入，填入“代词代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。需慎重，五格变化要谨记。4.完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。误，以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。1.统览全局，统览全局，把握大意把握大意 2.根据根据语法，法，判定判定词性性 3.利用利用语境，境，确定确定词形形4复复读全文，全文，验正答案正答案解解题技巧技巧例题例题how，much，safe，thank，play，be，invent，no，so，interest，must，askThomasEdisonwasagreatAmerican1_.Whenhewasachild,hewas always 2_ questions and trying out new ideas.No matter3_ harditwas,henevergaveup.YoungTomwasinschoolforonlythreemonths.Histeacherdidntunderstandwhyhehad4_manystrangequestions.Mostofthemwerenotabouthislessons.TheteacherdidntwanttoteachTomany5_.HeaskedTomsmothertotaketheboyhome.Tomsmothertaughthimtoreadandwrite,andshefoundhim6_averygoodpupil.Helearntveryfastandbecamevery7_inscience.inventoraskinghowsomoretobeinterestedOneday,hesawalittleboy8_ontherailwaytracksatastation.Atrainwascomingnearquickly,andtheboywastoofrightenedtomove.Edisonrushedoutandcarriedtheboyto 9_.Theboysfatherwasso10_thathetaughtEdisontosendmessagesbytelegraph.playingthankfulsafetyforget，bring，mend，beside，luck，pick，same，differently，I，every，stop，eachMr.Brownhadanumbrellashopinasmalltown.Peoplesometimes1_himbrokenumbrellas,andthenhetookthemtoabigshopinLondon.Theywere 2_there.OnedayMr.BrownwenttoLondonbytrain.He3_totakeanumbrellawithhimthatday.Sittinginfrontofhimwasamanwithanumbrellastanding 4_theseat.WhenthetrainarrivedinLondon,Mr.Brown5_uptheumbrellaasheoftendidduringhisjourneybytrain.Justashewasgettingoff,hewas6_bytheman.Hesaidangrily,“Thats7_!”Mr.Brownsfaceturnedredandhegaveitbacktothemanatonce.broughtmendedforgotbesidepickedstoppedmineWhen Mr Brown got to the big shop,the shopkeeper had got his sixumbrellas ready.After a good look at 8 _of them,he said,“Youvemendedthemverywell.”Intheafternoonhegotintothetrainagain.The 9_m manwasinthesameseat.HelookedatMrBrownandhissixumbrellas,“Youvehada 10_day,”hesaid.eachsameluckydirtywithhavealwaystimetheylargewantspeaklessonfirstdropAfteraquickbreakfast,IwentintothelecturehallinahurryAfamousteacherwas66tothestudentsHewasholdingupa$100billThenhesaidtothethreehundredstudents，“Whowouldlikethis$100bill?”Thestudentsputup67handsatonceThenhesaid，“Iamgoingtogivethis$100billtooneofyou，but68，letmedothis”HemadethebillintoaballThenhesaid.“Who69itnow?”Thehandswentbackintotheair“Well,”hesaid，“whatifIdothis?”andhe70itonthefloorandsteppedonitHepickedupthe7lbillandsaid“Whostillwantsit?”Handswentbackagainintotheair.”Myfriends,”hesaid，“youhavelearnedavaluable(有价值的有价值的)72todayNomatterwhatIdidtothe$100bill!Many73inourlife，wearedroppedandsteppedonWefeelasifweareworthnothingButremember,nomatterwhat74happenedtoyou，youwillneverloseyourvalue：Youare75valuabletothosepeoplewholoveyouYourvaluedoesntcomefromwhatyoudoorwhomyouknow,butwhoyouare.”Homeworkbefore,discover,fast,in,come,watch,so,fastit,ago,shine,notcanLighttravelsataspeed(速速度度)whichisaboutamilliontimes1_thanthatof sound.2_one second,light travels about 300,000 kilometers,but soundtravelsonly340meters.Youcangetsomeideaofthisdifferenceby3_thestartofarunningmatch.Ifyoustandfarawayfromthestarter(发发令令员员),youcanseesmoke4_fromhisgun5_thesoundreachesyourears.(一一)fasterinwatchingcomebeforeThe fast speed of light produces some strange facts.The nearest star is 6_farawaythatlightwhichyoucanseefromittonightstartedtotraveltoyoufouryears7_ataspeedofnearlytwomillionkilometerseveryminute.Thelightfromsomeoftonightsstartedon8_journeytowardsyouevenbeforeyouwereborn.So,ifwewanttobehonest,we9_say,“Thestarsareshiningbrightlytonight.”Wehavetosay,“Thestarslooknice.Theywere10_fouryearsagobuttheirlighthasjustreachedourearth.”soagoitscannotshingall，any，behave，difference，drink，eat，enjoy，fine，other，real，surprise，theseOncetherewasateacherwhotookallhisstudentsfortea.Whatmadethestudents1_wasthatallthecupsonthetablewere2_.Eachofthemtookacupandstarted3_theirowntea,lookingatthe4_cups.(二二)surpriseddifferentdrinkingothersTheteachersaid;Doyounoticeyour5_?Youarealllookingateachothersteacupsand6_ofyouevenenvy(羡慕羡慕)the7_cupsofothers.Thenhewenton:Iputthedifferentcupshereonpurpose!Lifeislike8_tea.Youallhavethesamethinginyourcupstea.Andyetyoucant9_enjoyitinyourenvyofanotherscup.Youforget10_yourownlifewhenyouenvysomeoneelseslife.Sonow,tasteyourowntea!Doesitmatterfromwhichcupitcomesfrom?behaviorsomefinerthisreallytoenjoy(三三)much,arm,wait,see,when,spend,she,worry,have,growOnlyMotherLoveistruelove.Itgiveseverybodyeverythingallhislife.1_youarestillababy,mothertakesgoodcareofyouasmuchaspossible.Inyourwakinghoursshealwaysholdsyouinher2_.Whenyouareill,shestopsherworkrightnowtolookafteryoudayandnightandforgetsabout3_.Whenyouare4_updaybyday,shefeelsveryhappy.WhenarmsherselfgrowingWhenyouareoldenoughtogotoschool,motherstilllooksafteryouallthetime.Oncoldwinterdays,shealwaystellsyoutoputon5_clothes.Shealwaysstandsinthewind6_foryoubackfromschool.Whenyouhurrytoleavehomeforschoolwithlittlebreakfast,shealwaysfeels7_aboutyouathome.Sheusuallyknowsaboutyourstudyand8_muchmoneyonyourschoolthings.Whenyoudowellatschool,thebrightestsmilewillbe9_onherface.Mother is always ready to give everything she 10_to her children,not toreceive.Whattruelovethatisintheworld!WewillrememberMotherLoveforever.morewaitingworriedspendsseenhas用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯（每个单词限用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯（每个单词限用一次）。用一次）。picklesswhichcolortruevisitwithouttoybecauselongerHowtobeaGreenOneWhatdoesitmeantobegreen?“Green”ismorethanjust.a61Italsomeanstakingspecialstepstoprotecttheenvironmentland,andtheairwebreathe.Whygreen?Plantsaregreen,and62themtheEarthwouldntbesuchalovelyhumanbeings.Heresafourstepguidetobeinggreen:ReduceIt!Whenyouuselessofsomething,youdgfortheEarth.Forexample,ashortershowermeansyouuse63waterandlessfuel(燃料燃料)64yourhouseusesfueltorunthewaterheaterthatwarmsupthewater.(四四)Reuse It!Sometimes were a little too willing to things and buy new things.Many times,if you no 65 need something,someone else just might need it.For example,if your baby brother grows out of 66 ,why not give them to another has a little kid?Recycle It!Recycling has never been easier.Many people will 67 it up right in front of your house and they will need it.Tell your mom or dad become“Head of Recycling”for your house.That means youll take the recyclable things in dustbins tell others 68 things can be recycled.Enjoy It!Its 69 that pollution is a problem remains a huge and beautiful place for you to go and study.You can start by 70 the naturally beautiful places in your hometown.Go for a hike,visit local nature centers and gardens,climb up mountains and so on.A)careB)throughoutC)touchingD)occurE)abuseF)sensationG)tensionH)virusesI)catchJ)movingK)strainL)illnessM)missN)commonO)by(五五)Wecallitthecommoncoldforgoodreason.ThereareoveronebillioncoldsintheUnitedStateseachyear.Youandyourchildrenwillprobablyhavemorecoldsthananyothertypeof1.Childrenaveragethreetoeightcoldsperyear.Theycontinuegettingthem2childhood.Parentsoftengetthemfromthekids.Coldsarethemostcommonreasonthatchildren3schoolandparentsmisswork.Children usually get colds from other children.When a new 4 is introduced into a school or day 5,it quickly travels through the class.Colds can 6 year-round,but they occur mostly in the winter(even in areas with mild winters).In areas where there is no winter,colds are most 7 during the rainy season.When someone has a cold,his runny nose is teeming with(充满充满)cold 8.Sneezing,nose-blowing,and nose-wiping spread the virus.You can 9 a cold by inhaling（吸入）（吸入）the virus if you are sitting close to someone who sneezes,or by 10 your nose,eyes,or mouth after you have touched something contaminated(污染的污染的)by the virus.People are most contagious(会感染的会感染的)for the first 2 to 3 days of a cold,and usually not contagious at all by day 7 to 10.答案答案1.L)。2.B)3.M)4.K)5.A)6.D)7.N)8.H)9.I)10.C)记背选词填空选项的重点范围：记背选词填空选项的重点范围：1.1.历年曾经考过的复合式听写的单词历年曾经考过的复合式听写的单词2.2.历年曾经考过的完形填空的选项，仔细阅读态度题的选项历年曾经考过的完形填空的选项，仔细阅读态度题的选项3.3.历年曾经考过的真题中的高频词汇历年曾经考过的真题中的高频词汇Seeyou