中考英语人教版定语从句课件 (1).pptx

定语从句 先行词先行词_ 关系词关系词_ 定语从句定语从句My father is a garbageman.He is tall and handsome.My father is tall and handsome garbageman.My father who/that is tall and handsome is a garbageman.Its a book that/which was written by Margaret Mitchell.Gone with the windIts the Wall that/which was built by Chinese people.Its an animal that/which has big nose.Exercise 1:用关系代词填空用关系代词填空1.The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2.The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.3.I hate people _ talk much but do little.4.The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/thatsentence making1FerrariItalycool and expensive2The little girlChina music genius3The cat Mimilost last night4Fearless Elite 90 students online study group5Istudentswork hardwho/that 作主语作主语.(不能省不能省)This is the film star.The film star is very popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China.1.The boy who broke the window is called Roy.2.Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting yesterday?3.The girl who is watering the flowers is my cousin./thatwho/whom/that 作宾语：作宾语：(可省略可省略)The man is a famous writer.He described the man just now.The man(who/whom/that)hehe described just now is a famous writer.The thief has been sent to prison.The police caught the thief last night.The thief whom the police the police caught last night has been sent to prison.This is a dream.The dream will never come true.This is a dream which never come true.The dog has been found.The dog was lost.The dog which was lost has been found.which/that 作主语作主语.(不能省不能省)/that（作主语）（作主语）which/that 作宾语作宾语：（可省略）可省略）This is the card.Ive just received the card.This is the card which/that Ive just received.Practise:1.This is the mistake which/that I always make.2.I still keep the letters which she wrote to me.3.I lost the pen which my father bought me.()（作宾语）（作宾语）whose 作定语作定语,表示所属关系。表示所属关系。The boy is my classmate.The boys father is a policeman.The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan(孤儿孤儿).A.who B.whose C.whos D.which1.The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.2.Is there a student _ father is a business man?3.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosethat当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.4.My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.5.Say all _ you know.6.Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.7.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.8.This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.9.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?10.Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或或which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat关系副词：关系副词：when/where/why when 作时间状语作时间状语:She will never forget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when(=on which)she was married.It was the year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when(=in which)the World War I broke out.When=介词介词 +which where 作地点状语作地点状语I want to know the place.I was born there.I want to know the place where(=in which)I was born.The table where(=at which)she is sitting is a new one.where =介词介词 +whichwhy 作原因状语作原因状语,其先行词常常是其先行词常常是the reason.That is the reason why(=for which)Im late.I know the reason why he said it.why =for whichExercise1.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded.A.which B.when C.that D.on that2.Is that the reason _ you are for the plan.which B.what C.why D.for that 3.Is this the place _ you were born?A.which B.where C.what D.that判断关系代词与关系副词判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：动词则要求用关系副词。例如：This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.这是我去年呆过的山村。这是我去年呆过的山村。Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。记与你共事的日子。判断改错：（错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year.（错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.（对）This is the mountain village（which）I visited last year.（对）Ill never forget the days（which）I spent in the countryside.习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where,when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例1.Is this museum _ you visited a few days age?A.whereB.that C.on which D.the one例2.Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held.A.whereB.that C.on whichD.the oneDA例1变为肯定句 This museum is _ you visited a few days ago.在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where,that,on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。例2变为肯定句：This is the museum _ the exhibition was held.句2中,主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in+which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who,whom,that,which,whose）；）；先行词在从句中先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词做状语时，应选择关系副词（where 地点状语，地点状语，when 时间状语，时间状语，why 原因状语）原因状语）。挑战高难度！挑战高难度！1.Is this the place _ you were born?A.which B.where C.what D.that2.Is this the place _ some German friends visited last year?A.which B.where C.what D.why3.The house _ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now.A.which B.where C.what D.that4.The house _ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now.A.that B.where C.what D.why5.He told her the reason_ why he is unhappy,but she doesnt believe the reason _ he gives her.A.why;whyB.why;whichC.that;whyD.which;why有时只能用有时只能用 that,不用不用 which,常见的情况有六种：常见的情况有六种：1.当先行词是当先行词是 all,any,few,little,none,anything,everything,nothing,everybody,nobody,everyone,no one 或被它们修饰时。或被它们修饰时。Thats all that I know.Thats all that I know.Is there anything that I can do for you?Is there anything that I can do for you?He answered few questions that the teacher He answered few questions that the teacher asked.asked.2.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 That is the most interesting book that I have That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.ever read.The first thing that I should do is to review The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.my lessons.3.当先行词有当先行词有the very,the only,the same等修等修饰时。饰时。Thats the only thing that I can do now.Thats the only thing that I can do now.These are the very words that he used.These are the very words that he used.4.当主句以当主句以 who 或或 which开头时，定语从句的开头时，定语从句的关系词用关系词用 that,而不用而不用 which 或或 who.Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?Which is the pen that you lost?Which is the pen that you lost?5.先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.Match the two sentences1.Im reading a book.The book is about Bill Gates._2.He is a teacher.The teacher teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man.He is smoking._4.Where is the picture?You bought it last week._ Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/that teaches us Chinese.I dont like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?谢谢观赏谢谢观赏