2019学年高二英语下学期期中试题 人教新目标版.doc

- 1 -20192019 学年高二英语下学期期中试题学年高二英语下学期期中试题第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，4040 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，共分，共 3030 分）分）从每题所给的从每题所给的 A A、B B、C C、D D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，将正确的选项涂在答题卡上。四个选项中，选出最佳选项，将正确的选项涂在答题卡上。A A HowHow dodo I I bookbook a a placeplace onon Airbnb?Airbnb?When you book a place on Airbnb, you are making arrangements to stay inSomeones home. Each host has their own style of hospitality, starting with how They like to get to know their guests. Some hosts want to approve reservations,while others are comfortable letting you book their place instantly without waiting for approval.1.1.CompleteComplete YourYour PersonalPersonal DetailsDetailsIn either case, its important to know that Airbnb is a community that relies on trust. Complete your personal details before you request a reservation with a host, so they can know a little bit about you when they confirm. Your personal details should include photos and verifications (证明） ，especially because some hosts require guests to have a profile photo and verified ID in order to book.2.2.FindFind thethe RightRight PlacePlaceWith over 800,000 unique listings around the world，youll want to make sure the place you choose has everything you need for a comfortable and memorable trip. When searching for a place, make sure to include your dates and number of guests to get the most accurate pricing. Read reviews, descriptions, house rules, and facilities for each place to see if its the right fit for your trip. You can always contact the host if you have any questions about their home.3.3.BookBook It!It!Youve found the perfect place，and now its time to make it official. This is where the hosts preferred way of booking will determine how you5ll confirm - 2 -your reservation. Instant BookFor hosts who dont want to approve each reservation，youll see a button on their listing that says Instant Book. Like the name suggests，you can confirm a reservation at these places right away. Request to BookMany hosts prefer to approve reservations before theyre final. In this case，youll see a button on their listing that says Request to Book. To submit a reservation request, youll need to enter your -payment details.Hosts have 24 hours to accept your request, and your reservation is automatically confirmed once they do. Pre-approvals and Special OffersIf you decide to contact the host to ask questions before attempting to book, the host may respond to your message by inviting you to make a reservation with either a Pre-approval or a Special Offer. A Pre-approval is an invitation to finish booking for the dates and number of guests you noted in your message. A Special Offer gives the host the opportunity to provide special pricing, dates, and other reservation details before you book.1.When filling in your personal information, you need to.A. request a reservation with a host B. ask for approval from the hostC. provide your proof of identity D. trust the community where you live2. If you click the Request to Book button, you can .A. get some special discountsB. know the result within a dayC. get the approval immediatelyD. receive a Pre-approval message3.Where is the passage most probably from?A. A news report. B. A shopping guide.C. A travel magazine. D. A research paper.- 3 -B BThe Republic of Vanuatu is an island nation located in the South Pacific Ocean. It was one of the poorest nations in the region. Within the last five years, however, it has become a hot spot for adventure travelers. In 2006 it was voted the happiest place on Earth. The reason is not that Vanuatu are the richest but that Vanuatu has white-sand islands, clear waters, the worlds most accessible live volcano, great diving and food that grows faster than it can be picked. With a population of about 221,000, Vanuatu has 113 languages, which is a result of 3,000 years of immigration from many Pacific countries. There are three official languages: English, French, and Bislama. Bislama developed from South Pacific English, a simplified language that traders and other foreigners used it to communicate with speakers of the many local languages. Most of the islands are mountainous and of volcanic origin. There are several active volcanoes in Vanuatu, including Yasur on the island of Tanna, one of the worlds most accessible volcanoes. If youve ever fancied getting close to a volcano, heres your chance.Vanuatu Posts Underwater Post Office has quickly become one of the busiest post offices for postcards in the world! Visitors from around the world want to experience the worlds first under- water post office. The Post Office is only 50 meters offshore and at just three meters below the surface, very appealing to the young and young at heart. Since opening in 2003, the underwater post office has received about 100,000 visitors. They have posted one of the waterproof（防水的）postcards available in Vanuatu; these cards are collected regularly by one of Vanuatu Posts four trained divers. The underwater branch is manned daily for usually about an hour, longer with demand.4. Vanuatu was voted the happiest place on Earth because .A. its the poorest nation in the region B. its Vanuatu that is the richestC. its a favorite place for adventurers D. its blessed - 4 -with abundant nature5. Which of the following is true about Vanuatu?A. Bislama developed from local Pacific French. B. Yasur is one of the live volcanoes in Vanuatu.C. Vanuatu has more than 113 official languages. D. Underwater Post Office has opened for 5 years.6. Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text? A. Working at the underwater branch. B. Great diving in amazing Vanuatu.C. A hot spot for adventure travelers. D. The busiest post office on Earth.7. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?A. Various languages. B. Underwater diving.C. Food in Vanuatu. D. History of Vanuatu.C CTheThe LifecycleLifecycle ofof a a T-shirtT-shirtWe all probably have a lot of T-shirts, but do you ever stop and think about the influence of a T-shirt on the planet? Youd probably be surprised to learn what's involved in the lifecycle of just one T-shirt.There are 5 major stages: material, production, shipping, use and disposal. The material stage involves farming, irrigating, fertilizing, harvesting and ginning. While cotton is a natural fiber (纤维）and not as harmful to the environment as manmade fibers, it still takes a toll in the material and production stages. Commercial cotton farming uses a large amount of water, and the use of pesticides (杀虫剂）is widespread across the globe, especially in cotton farming. Studies have shown that farmers spend around $4.1 billion on pesticides annually, of which 25% was spent on cotton crops in the US.Once the cotton is grown and harvested, so begins the production stage: spinning, knitting, bleaching, dyeing, cutting, sewing, etc.these processes also use a great deal of water and energy. Commercial dyes and bleaches are - 5 -harmful pollutants and can eventually pollute groundwater. After the T-shirt is produced, it enters the transportation stage. This often involves overseas shipping. Take a look in your closet. Chances are that most of your cotton garments (衣服）are made in China or India. Garments can be shipped via plane, ship or truck，all of which spill CO2 into the atmosphere. Calculations show that C02 emissions from light trucks alone amount to 1.15 pounds per mile.Once the T-shirt reaches the retail market, it is purchased. This stage may seem like the leastenvironmentally damaging part. But consider the number of times youve washed and dried your favorite T-shirt. Washing machines are certainly becoming more efficient. However, the average American household does 400 loads of laundry per year, using about 40 gallons of water per load. Such excessive water use is combined with the large amount of energy used by dryers.The final stage of life is disposal. This releases harmful emissions, or involves a landfill where cotton takes years to break down. Current US records show that an estimated 15% of clothes and shoes are recycled, which means that consumers send a shocking 85% of these materials to landfills.We all need new clothes every once in a while, but lets all try to keep in mind what goes into the production of clothing. It has a real impact on the planet.There are a lot of things you can do to help reduce your impact. Reuse and recycle clothes. If theyre too worn out to wear, cut them up and use them as cleaning rags. Donate them to charity or another organization that recycles textiles. When possible, make an effort to buy organic cotton. Turn down the thermostat on your washer, and line dry your clothes when the weather will allow it.8.The underlined phrase “takes a toll” probably means “ ”A. wastes water B. takes a lot of time C. uses energy D. has a bad effect- 6 -9.We can learn from the passage that in the US_.A. pesticides in cotton farming cost over 4 billion dollars every yearB. CO2 emissions of land transport amount to 1.15 pounds per mileC. about 15% of the clothes and shoes are made of materials that are recycledD. about 16, 000 gallons of water is used annually by an average family on laundry10.What can be inferred from this passage?A. The production process may affect water safety. B .The clothing cost is relatively low in China and India.C. Cotton clothes are buried because they are hard to break down.D. The use stage is the least environmentally harmful of the five stages.11.What is the purpose of this article?A. To encourage people to donate clothes to charity.B. To promote eco-friendly actions related to clothes.C. To persuade people to purchase more organic cotton.D. To introduce the five stages in the lifecycle of clothing.D DGrey clouds move as low as smoke over the treetops at Lolo Pass. The ground is white. The day is June 10.It has been snowing for the past four days in the Bitterroot Mountains.Wayne Fairchild is getting worried about our trek over the Lolo Trail-95 miles from Lolo Montana to Weippe in Idaho, across the roughest country in the West. Lewis and Clark were nearly defeated 200 years ago by snowstorms on the Lolo. Today Fairchild is nervously checking the weather reports. He has agreed to take me across the toughest, middle section of the trail.When Lewis climbed on top of Lemhi Pass,140 miles south of Missoula, on Aug.12,1805,he was astonished by what was in front of him; high mountain chains still to the West of us with their tops partially covered with snow.Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East.- 7 -Today their pathway through those mountains holds more attraction than any other ground over which they traveled, for its raw wilderness is an evidence to the character of two cultures:the explorers who braved its hardships and the Native Americans who prize and conserve the path as a sacred (神圣的)gift. It remains today the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it.The Lolo is passable only from July to mid-September. Our luck is holding with the weather, although the snow keeps getting deeper. As we climb to Indian Post Office, the highest point on the trail at 7,033 ft, we have covered 13 miles in soft snow, and we hardly have enough energy to make dinner. After a meal of chicken, I sit on a rock on top of the ridge .There is no light visible in any direction, not even another campfire. For four days we do not see another human being. We are occupied with the things that mix fear with joy. In our imagination we have finally caught up with Lewis and Clark.12. We learn from the text that before 1805_ .A. The Rocky Mountains were wholly covered with snowB. There were no people living in the western part of AmericaC. No Americans knew of the existence of the Rocky MountainsD. The Appalachians were the western frontier of the United States13.We learn from the text that the Lolo Pass _ .A. has changed a lot since 1805 B. is the meeting point of three culturesC. remains much the same as it was 200 years agoD. now attracts a large number of tourists to visit14.Judging from the text, Lewis and Clark were most probably _ .A. two native Indians B. explorers of the early 19th centuryC. merchants who did business with the IndiansD. travelers whose curiosity took them over the Lolo Pass15.We can infer from the text that when crossing the Lolo Pass the author _ .- 8 -A. was attempting the impossibleB. was trying to set a world recordC. was following the trail of Lewis and ClarkD. was fighting with weather and taking unnecessary risks第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，共分，共 1010 分）分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的五个选项并填入空白处。根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的五个选项并填入空白处。Radar is an electronic device that detects planes, ships, coastlines, landmarks, and even storm clouds. The name radar comes from the first letters of the words radio direction and ranging. As the human eye uses light waves to see, radar “sees” with radio waves. Without radar, planes could not land safely in bad weather and ships could not move safely in thick fog. 16 In the 1800s it was discovered that radio waves could be reflected from objects. But scientists did not make great advances in radar research until the 1930s, when the world was threatened by war. 17 It has been used widely in almost every conflict since then.Echoes make it possible for radar to work. When a beam of radio waves is sent out, it strikes on an object and returns an echo. This echo is picked up by radar and recorded on a screen similar to television screen. On the screen an observer sees a flash, or a blip, that shows the direction and distance of the object. 18 Airport control towers use radar to guide planes in for safe landings. Almost all large ships depend on radar to prevent collisions with icebergs or other ships. 19 Weather forecasters “see” the size, direction, and speed of storms on radar screens. Astronomers can even use radar to measure accurately the distance to the moon. Thus, the device has generated major advancements.20 Huge radar antennas have been installed all over the United States. They guard us against possible enemy attacks. We have ballisticmissiles (战略导弹)warning systems that can alert us to attacks when missiles are more than 1,000 miles away. Other radar systems warn us against enemy aircraft and even spying space satellites.- 9 -A.Police track speeders in radar-equipped cars.B.These measurements are now highly accurate.C.The device can be used in a wide range of fields.D.It is therefore especially valuable to shippers and travelers.E.During Wor