Unit 5单元话题语法填空专项练习-学年高二英语选择性必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版2019）.docx

Unit 5单元话题语法填空专项练习（名校最新真题）（2022云南昆明市第三中学高二期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确 形式。On Monday, two days after Yuan Longping, 1 (know) as "father of hybrid rice”, passed away at the age of 91, the farewell ceremony for him 2 (hold) in Changsha City, capital of Central China's Hunan province.People from all walks of life 3 (include) many Hong Kong residents and stars mourned his passing away. One important reason 4 people are mourning Yuan, both in the Chinese mainland and in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is that he helped this nation get rid of 5 (hungry), That's a matter of life and death to Chinese people, 6 (especial) to Hong Kong people, because it replies on import for over 95 percent of its food. In the 1960s, the mainland opened three freight trains that carried various agricultural7 (product) to Hong Kong. Without the mainland's food supply, Hong Kong 8 not have focused on the economic development. It is Yuan's hybrid rice that makes 9 possible for the mainland to grow abundant rice. Actually, the Hong Kong people, like their compatriots(同月包)on the mainland, have never forgotten Yuan has done to China and to the world.Now Yuan has passed away, 10 his contributions will be remembered forever.(2022.浙江温州市越秀学校高二期中)阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正 确形式。World leaders, representatives and experts have been mourning (悼念)the death of Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, 11academician (院土)with the Chinese Academy of Engineering, whose lifelong research inhigh-yield rice 12 (variety) helps feed people around the world. 13 (fortunate), he passed away at 91 years old due to illness. His passing is a great loss to humanity and the Chinese people feel14 (depress).Born in Beijing in 1930, Dr. Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Finding ways to grow more rice 15 (be) his life goal by the end of the day he died. 16、his spirit with hismission to end hunger lives on.Yuan succeeded in increasing the world's first high-yield hybrid rice strain in 1973 and has helped China become a great wonder feeding nearly one-fifth of the world's population with 17 (little) than 9 percent of the world's total land. Spending money on himself or 18 (lead) a comfortable life means very little to him. He believes 19 a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles, so he hybrid rice, 助动词用 haso 故填 has been growno 34.考查非谓语动词。句意：从那时起，杂交水稻已经在20多个国家种植，吸引了全世界的关注，特别是有 饥饿风险的地区。分析句子结构可知attract在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语构成主动关系，故 用现在分词作状语。故填attracting。35. 考查副词。句意：2008年，袁隆平成功地在海水和沙漠中培育水稻。修饰后文动词develop应用副词 successfully,作状语。故填 successfully。36. 考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然他的大米可以减少食物短缺，但这种新品种在广泛传播之前还有很长的路 要走。结合句意表示“有很长的路要走”短语为have a long way to go。故填to go。37. 考查名词。句意：袁隆平的成就为他在国内外赢得了许多奖项和荣誉。作主语，应用名词achievement, has提示用单数。故填achievemento38. 考查介词。句意：袁隆平的成就为他在国内外赢得了许多奖项和荣誉。结合句意表示“在国内外''可知短语 为 at home and abroado 故填 at。39. 考查副词。句意：然而，名气和财富对他来说远不如他的研究重要。修饰后文整个句子，且表示转折， 由逗号隔开，应用however,句首单词首字母要大写。故填However。40. 考查比拟级。句意：然而，名气和财富对他来说远不如他的研究重要。结合句意表示“比起远不如"应用 mean much less.than.o 故填 than。41. were establishedinterested42. to fundeducation43. . namesWhen44. have beenfrom45. However#Neverthelesswinning【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了普利策奖的设立很大程度上归功于约瑟夫普利策的努力，普利策奖是一系 列表彰新闻和艺术领域卓越成就的奖项。41. 考查被动语态、时态和主谓一致。句意：这些奖项的设立主要归功于约瑟夫普利策的努力，他对新闻业 的进步和提升非常感兴趣。主语The prizes是复数形式，且和谓语动词establish之间是被动关系，谓语动 词应用被动语态形式，结合句意阐述过去的事情，谓语动词应该用一般过去时。综上分析，谓语动词用 一般过去时的被动语态的复数形式were establishedo故填were establishedo42. 考查固定搭配。句意：这些奖项的设立主要归功于约瑟夫普利策的努力，他对新闻业的进步和提升非常 感兴趣。名词interest的形容词形式是interestedo固定短语be interested in表示“对 感兴趣”，其中介 词in前搭配形容词词interested。故填interestedo43. 考查动词不定式。句意：他在1904年的遗嘱中留下了资金，用于资助设立这些奖项，并表示他希望获得 四项新闻奖、四项文学和戏剧奖、一项教育奖和五项旅行奖学金。分析句意可知，动词不定式t。fund作 目的状语。故填to fund。44. 考查名词。句意：他在1904年的遗嘱中留下了资金，用于资助设立这些奖项，并表示他希望获得四项新 闻奖、四项文学和戏剧奖、一项教育奖和五项旅行奖学金。educate的名词形式名词education意为“教 育”，在介词for后作宾语，构成介宾结构。故填education。45. 考查名词复数。句意：过去的获奖者包括尤金奥尼尔等名人。根据句意此处表示获奖的的名人不止一个，因此，name应该用复数形式nameso故填nameso考查时间状语从句。句意：1957年，当奥尼尔获得普利策戏剧奖时，这是他第四次获得该奖。分析句子 结构可知，这是时间状语从句，从句用连接副词when引导，位于句首大写首字母。故填When。46. 考查时态。句意：随着时间的推移，普利策奖已经发生了许多变化。分析句意可知，阐述现在已经完成 的事情，谓语动词应该用现在完成时形式have been。故填have been。47. 考查介词。句意：其中一些是技术进步的结果。短语result from意为“产生于，由引起，是 结果”，该空缺少介词from。故填from。48. 考查副词。句意：然而/尽管如此，新闻业仍然是普利策奖最为人所知的领域。结合句意，该句与上文 构成转折关系，副词However意为“然而”，副词Nevertheless意为“尽管如止匕”都符合句意，位于句首作状 语。故填 However / Nevertheless。49. 考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，许多人认为，赢得普利策奖是新闻业可能取得的最高成就，正如普利策 所希望的那样。分析句子结构可知，该句谓语动词是is considered,动名词winning在该句中作主语。故 填 winning o50. was offeredterribly51. lastedbut52. Whatthat#which53. argumentout54. histeaching【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。记叙了达尔文的一些生平以及进化论的诞生和接受以及抵抗的故事。51. 考查时态和语态。句意：1831年，一个刚出大学的年轻男人查尔斯达尔文被给予了一份在全世界范围内 海上航行发现的工作。根据事件状语“in 1831”可知，此处为一般过去时，主语Charles Darwin与动词offer 之间存在被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为Charles Darwin, be动词需用was。故填was offered。52. 考查副词。句意：达尔文特别晕船，只有当他靠岸收集植物标本，观察动物时才会开心。此处应用副词 修饰形容词homesick,故填terriblyo53. 考查时态。句意：这持续了五年。描述过去的事件，应使用一般过去时，故填lasted。54. 考查连词。句意：它们是相似的，但是它们的鸟喙的形状甚至它们的饮食习惯不一样。前后分句语义存 在转折，故填but。55. 考查代词。句意：我们称之为“最适者生存”东西,他命名为“自然选择”。在callsb/sth+“宾补”的结构中, 应用连接代词what作call的宾语，意为“东西”，故填what。56. 考查定语从句。句意：达尔文花费接下来的几年时间开展他的理论和使它们完善。分析句子结构可知， 此处为定语从句，空格处应填入一个替代先行词物years的关系代词作从句主语，故填that或which。57. 考查名词。句意：这引起了巨大的争议，因为它似乎否认了圣经所说的动词。形容词修饰名词作cause的 宾语，故填argument。58. 考查介词。句意：他1871年的书人之由来指出，人类来自于同一个祖先。动词短语p。血out“指 出“，书中指出一个观点，故填out。59. 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：其他科学家同意他的想法并且从事他的事业。名词应使用形容词性物主 代词修饰，故填his。60. 考查动名词。句意：在一些国家，教堂禁止教授进化论。此处应用名词作prohibit的宾语，故填teaching oknown61. thechose62. was convinceddeveloping63. awardswealthy64. . forto support65. what【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的科学家袁隆平，介绍了他的个人经历以及 成就。61. 考查固定短语7句意：袁隆平是中国著名的科学家之一，被誉为“杂交水稻之父:结合句意表示“被誉为，被称为"可知短语为be known as。故填known。62. 考查冠词。句意：因为他想解决农业低产量的问题，他选择在大学学习农业。problem此处特指“低产量 问题''前面应用定冠词。故填the。63. 考查动词时态。句意：因为他想解决农业低产量的问题，他选择在大学学习农业。根据上文“he wantedto”可知描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填chose。64. 考查固定短语。句意：毕业后，他做了一名研究人员，并深信培育杂交水稻是可能的。表示“某人深信"句型为 sb. be convinced that.,结合上文“he worked as a researcher and”可知应用一般过去时，谓语动词用单数。故填was convincedo65. 考查非谓语动词。句意：经过艰苦的努力，他于1974年成功地研制出了第一种杂交水稻。develop作介词in的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填developing。66. 考查名词的数。句意：由于他的珍贵贡献，袁世凯在国内外获得了无数奖项。award为可数名词，由numerous修饰应用复数。故填awardso考查形容词。句意：虽然他的杂交水稻让他非常富有，但他并不在乎成名和金钱。此处为“make+宾语+宾 补”结构，表示“富有”应用形容词wealthy,作宾补。故填wealthy。67. 考查介词。句意：虽然他的杂交水稻让他非常富有，但他并不在乎成名和金钱。结合句意表示“在乎”可知 短语为care foro故填for。68. 考查非谓语动词。句意：相反，他为支持农业研究提供了大量捐款。分析句子结构可知support在句中应 用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填t。support。69. 考查宾语从句。句意：现在，袁隆平仍在努力实现自己的新梦想，大家都在期待他的下一个梦想。空处 引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事情应用what。故填what。70. blessedbetter71. hikingvaries72. ofto have73. Therefore/ThusWhat74. that/whichreality【解析】【分析】本文是由三段文字构成的语法填空。第一段文字介绍了“我''对所生活地方的感受；第二段文字介绍了身势 语；第三段文字介绍了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平。71.考查形容词。句意：能生活在这样一个美丽而广阔的地方我感到很幸运。分析句子可知，空格处填形容 词形式作feel的表语。故填blessedo72.考查形容词比拟级。句意：没有什么比呼吸新鲜空气和享受徒步穿越艰难的地段到山谷另一边的冒险更 美好的了。根据空后的than可知，应用good的比拟级形式。故填bettero考查非谓语动词。句意：没有什么比呼吸新鲜空气和享受徒步穿越艰难的地段到山谷另一边的冒险更美 好的了。of是介词，其后接动词作宾语时，应用动词-ing形式。故填hiking。73. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：身势语因文化的差异而有所不同。分析句子可知，vary在句中作谓 语；句子陈述的内容表示客观事实，所以谓语动词用一般现在时；主语Body language是第三人称单数形 式，谓语动词用单数形式。故填varies。74. 考查固定搭配。句意：例如，目光接触是表示感兴趣的一种方式，而在其他国家，这并不总是被认可 的。be approved of是固定搭配,表示“赞成,同意,认可故填of。75. 考查非谓语动词。句意：另一方面，有些手势似乎在任何地方都有相同的含义。seem后接动词不定式形 式,构成seem to do结构,表示“似乎故填to have。76. 考查副词。句意：因此，熟知身势语知识是更好的沟通所必须的。上一句话和空格后面的句子构成因果 关系，且空格后有逗号，所以空格处填表示因果关系的副词。故填Therefore或Thus。77. 考查主语从句。句意：袁隆平最让人印象深刻的是他不断实现梦想的能力。分析句子可知，空格处引导 主语从句，且引导词在句子中做主语，应使用what引导，表示“所的东西”，故填What。78. 考查定语从句。句意：他成功地生产出了一种可以养活国内外更多的人的大米。分析句子可知，空格处 引导限定性定语从句，定语从句的先行词是rice,且关系词在从句中做主语，应用that或which引导。故 填 that 或 which o79. 考查名词。句意：他对海水稻的最新设想也成为了现实。根据不定冠词a可知，空格处填名词单数形 式。故填reality。80. most famousdespite81. To tackleshortage82. anHaving overcome83. itgreatly84. has alleviatedas/though【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学家袁隆平研制出可用于农业的杂交水稻，缓和中国及其他国 家的饥饿问题。81. 考查形容词最高级。句意：作为“杂交水稻之父''而知名，袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一，尽管负有盛 名和影响力，他还是把自己看作一个农民。结合句中的“one。产可知，此处指“最著名的科学家之一”，应 用形容词最高级 most famouso 故填 most famouso82. 考查介词。空后fame和influence是名词，介词后可接名词，根据句意可知填despite,表示“尽管”，故 填 despite o83. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为解决食物短缺的危机，他上西南农学院并下定决心学习农业。根据句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式短语作目的状语，注意句首单词的首字母大写，故填Totackle。84. 考查名词。此处应填一个名词作of的宾语，food shortage意为“食物短缺”，故填shortage。85. 考查冠词。句意：作为一个研究者，他致力于找到一种提高产量又不用扩大土地面积的方法。此处第一 次提到approach,表泛指，用不定冠词，approach发音以元音音素开头，故填an。86. 考查非谓语动词。句意：克服重重困难后，他在1974年研制出世界上第一株可用于农业的杂交水稻，这 使得农民们能够极大地扩大产量。空处应使用非谓语动词，动词。vercome与其逻辑主语he之间是主动关 系，应用现在分词作状语，且。vercome的动作发生在谓语developed之前，应使用现在分词的完成式，注意句首单词的首字母大写，故填Having overcomeo考查it的用法。分析句子结构可知，在which引导的定语从句中，谓语局部是“make+宾语+宾语补足语” 结构，动词不定式短语to expand their output是make真正的宾语，此处应用it作形式宾语，故填ito考查副词。此处修饰动词expand,应使用副词形式，故填greatly。87. 考查时态。句意：他的新方法不仅有助于养活中国人，而且也缓和了其他像印度和越南这样的依靠大米 的国家的饥饿问题。not onlybut是连词，连接并列的分句，后一分句缺谓语，前一分句用的是现在完 成时，故此处也应用现在完成时，故填has alleviatedo88. 考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管他年事已高，他仍然努力工作来实现他的梦想。根据句意可知，此处表 示“尽管从句表语old提到句首，用了倒装，故用as或though引导让步状语从句，故填as/though。89. makingcompleted90. onThe91. . were builtmachines92. whoconfident93. certainlyprotection【解析】分析本文是一篇说明文。中国破冰船“雪龙”号将从上海起航，前往南极洲修建第三个南极常年科考站，该科考 站是中国在太平洋边界建的第一个南极科考站，将最早于2022年完工。91 .考查非谓语动词。介词后要用动名词、名词、代词等作宾语。故填making。92 .考查非谓语动词。the new station与complete之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语。故 填 completed o.考查介词。此处指科考站位于太平洋的边界处。on the border of sth. "在的边界: 故填。n。93 .考查冠词。由后面提到的两个科考站可知，此处是特指，用定冠词。故填the。94 .考查时态和语态。句意：另外两个科考站，长城站和中山站，建于20世纪8。年代。根据时间状语“in the 1980s”可知，此处描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；又因为句子的主语The other tw。stations与build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填were built。95 .考查名词复数。machine”机器；设备”是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故应用其复数形式。故填 machines o.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且空处在从句中作主语，先行词 是Zhang Tijun,指人,故用关系代词who,故填who。96 .考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作表语，此处考查主系表结构。confidence的形容词形 式为 confidento 故填 confidento.考查副词。空处修饰动词meet,应用副词。certain的副词形式为certainly。故填certainly。97 .考查名词。根据空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词。protect的名词形式为 protection o 故填 protection ogives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture. Without his contribution, more people would have suffered 20 hunger in the world.(2022,云南曲靖一中高二期中)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形 式。Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, globally known for developing the first hybrid rice strain in 1973 that served as a solution 21 worldwide hunger, passed away on Saturday at the age of 91.The scientist spent over five decades researching and improving hybrid rice, 22 has reached its third generation, feeding 23 (approximate) one-fifth of the world's population with less than 9 percent of the world's total land. In China, the annual planting area of hybrid rice has topped 16 million hectares, or 57 percent of 24 total planting area of rice. Its growth area overseas has reached 8 million hectares. His more recent achievements included developing 25 (variety) of seawater rice, or saline-alkali tolerant rice. His team planned to use the rice 26 (transform) 6.7 million hectares of saline-alkali land in China over the next eight to 10 years.Yuan once said he had two dreams-to “enjoy the cool under the rice crops taller than men and that hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the global 27(short) of food.Yuan's lifelong devotion to reducing hunger is 28 has made him a national hero and household name in China is. In 1999, an asteroid (小行星) 29 (discover) by the National Astro-nomical Observatories was named after Yuan. In 2019, he 30 (award) the Medal of the Republic, China's highest state honor.(2022.吉林济南市第一中学高一阶段练习)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词 的正确形式。Yuan Longping, as an 31 (agriculture) scientist, is known for developing the first hybrid rice varieties in 321970s. Since then, hybrid rice 33 (grow) in over 20 countries,34 (attract) attention from the whole world, especially areas at risk of hunger.In 2008, Yuan Longping 35 (success) developed rice growing in saltwater and desert. Though his rice could reduce food shortage, the new strain had a long way 36 (go) before it could be widely spread.Yuan Longping's 37 (achieve) has brought him many awards and honors both 38 home and abroad. He said, "What lifetime award means is to achieve your dream with all your life?" 39 fame and wealth mean much less to him 40 his research. He said he would focus on developing better rice.(2021 .湖南.长郡中学高二阶段练习)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确 形式。The Pulitzer Prizes are a set of awards honoring excellence in journalism and the arts. The prizes41 (establish)largely due to the efforts of Joseph Pulitzer,who was deeply42 (interest)in the progressand elevation of journalism. He left money in his 1904 will 43(fund)the establishment of the prizes,statingthat he wanted four awards in journalism,four in letters and drama,one for 44(educate),and five traveling scholarships. Since the first prizes were awarded in 1917,there have been many winners and some people have won more than once. Past winners include such famous 45 (name)as Eugene O' Neill. 46 O' Neill received the Pulitzer Prize in Drama in 1957,it was the fourth time he had won it.There 47 (be)a number of changes to the Pulitzer Prizes over time. Some of these resulted48advances in technology. For example,online content from newspaper websites has been allowed in all of the journalism categories since 2006. The Pulitzer Prizes have also expanded to include such categories as photography and music. 49 Journalism is still what the Pulitzer Prizes are best known for.Today. 50 (win)the Pulitzer Prizes is considered by many to be the highest achievement possible in journalism-just as Pulitzer had intended.(2022福建省福州第一中学高二期末)阅读以下短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填 写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Charles Darwin, a young man just out of university in 1831, 51(offer) a job on a ship on avoyage of discovery around the world. Life on board was tough. Darwin was 52(terrible) seasick and was only happy when he was ashore collecting plant samples, and observing animals. It was to be the most important journey in his life. It 53(last) for five years.Darwin studied nature in South America and in a group of small islands in the South Pacific. On each island there were birds. They were very similar, 54 the shape of their beaks, and even their eating habitsvaried. Darwin wondered why they were different. Then he realized that over millions of years, all plants and animals have gradually changed into the forms we see today. 55 we call Hthe survival of the fittest”he named "natural selection". He also called this slow process of change “evolution”.By 1846, he had published an article describing his voyage. Darwin spent theyears 56 followed developing his theories and making them perfect. In 1859, he published them inThe Origin of Species. It caused a huge 57(argue) because it seemed to deny what the Bible said.His The Descent of Man, 1871, pointed 58 that mankind had come from the same ancestor. Otherscientists agreed with his ideas and took up 59(he) cause. The Church prohibitedthe 60(teach) of the Theory of Evolution in some countries. However, today most people believe that Darwin was right.(2021 ,全国.高二课时练习)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Yuan