备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力训练02 非谓语动词要点精读与精练.docx

备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清(通用版)非谓语动词I.非谓语动词的语法功能注：现在分词、不定式、过去分词都可以作独立成分所能充当的成分主语表语宾语宾语补足语定语状语V-ing形式现在分词动名词不定式(to do)过去分词(done)Agenerally speaking 一 般说来；frankly speaking 坦白 地说；judging from/by.根据来判断；considering/takinginto consideration 考虑至；to tell you the truth 说实话；seeing考虑至!j； supposing 假设，如果；providing 如果；given 考虑至1j,鉴于；provided that 如果n.非谓语动词的形式变化非谓语 形式构成时态语态复合结构否认式主动被动不定式一般式to doto be donefor sb. to do sth.或of sb. to do sth.在“to”前力口 not或 never进行式to have doneto have beendone完成式to be doing/完成进行式to have been doing/动名词一般式doingbeing donesb或 sb's doing在前加not作主语要用特别注意复合结构的否作主语要用特别注意复合结构的否76 .在成长过程中学会如何应对负面情绪非常重要。Learning how to bad emotions as you grow up is very important.77 .我们应该邀请全体同学，这样任何人都不会感到被孤立。(leave)We are supposed to invite the whole class, so no one will feel.78 . Tom足够聪明能在如此短的时间想出一个解决问题的主意。(come)Tom is clever enough a good idea to solve the problem.79 .我们期待着重返校园。We are to school.80 .当警察进入房间时' 发现一个人躺在地上。When the policeman entered the room, the manthe floor.三、短文填空1先阅读短文，再在其后空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。It's a cold wet Christmas. Sally was walking along the beach, and she felt so 181 in this foreign city,especially during a festival.Suddenly, she heard a shout. It was from a man. His arms wide, he took a glance in one direction and then a 82 and kept shouting. "Come, blessings (祝福)，come!”“What a man! He is calling blessings eagerly!” Sally stopped and watched all this. "Festival wishes also mean so much to him! she thought for a moment before walking towards him, h 83 to express her festival blessings to him. The wind continued to c 84 his voice, “Come, blessings! Come, blessings, come! Repeating these simple yet powerful words along with him. Sally began to feel b 85Just then, a big floppy-eared dog suddenly jumped toward the man with joy. Sally now was c 86 enough to hear him crying to the dog. "Blessings! There you are! I thought I had lost you!”Sally then felt silly for making such a m 87 She confused a dog named Blessings with a warm wish for 188! But with great joy, she now ran towards the dog she would call blessings she'd longed for. Itwould be r 89 and beautiful, even if the bearer (来人)of the m 90 had four legs and tail!2阅读下面短文，在空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。When I was 14,1 took a bike trip to discover a historic road with my dad. He chose a 16-mile part of the roadfor us to ride. Part of it i 91 an old tunnel called Sideling Hill. This old tunnel is over a mile long! To p 92 we checked our bikes and made sure our bike lights had batteries.After a two-hour trip, we reached the road. The long uphill c 93did make us full of sweat （汗水）！ Aswe rode along the Sideling Hill Tunnel, I felt n 94 as it was very dark inside! But my dad encouraged me. He said he would be right beside me. He reminded me to stay careful and keep my 195 on.When we entered the tunnel, the sound of our bikes echoed （回声）through the walls. I turned on my flashlight and saw that the walls were c 96 in graffiti （涂鸦）.The air smelt like wet mud. And I felt like I was being watched! I was pretty scared, but f 97 my dad made me relax. After riding half-way through, light coming from the other e 98 of the tunnel brought me excitement. I was so h 99 to ride out into the bright afternoon!Whenever I am going through h 100 in life, I will remember this unusual trip. It reminds me that love is always around me and gives me courage to keep riding through life dark tunnels.3Arthur Anderson, an artist, and Eric Bush, a painter, found a trapdoor （活板门）by mistake in a back room of a historic church near San Francisco. They d 10123 murals （壁画）painted by Native Americans more than200 years old.The only r 102 they discovered the murals was that Arthur dropped a coin onto the floor while pulling a small knife out of his pants pocket. He heard the coin h 103 the floor. He started searching. A minute later, he found his coin. But then he saw what looked like an u 104 gap （裂缝）in the floorboard. With the k 105 he began digging around the gap.The floorboard s 106 moved a little. Arthur moved away the floorboard and saw a rope tied to what looked like a trapdoor. Eric helped Arthur move away four m 107 floorboards. Then Arthur opened the trapdoor.Under it was a hole in the ground about 15 feet long, 10 feet wide, and 2 feet d 108 They shined a flashlight into the hole and saw the murals. They were not packed, covered, or protected. Yet they were in good c 109.All the 23 murals, c 110 in about 1791, are now at the Museum of Native American Art. They were cleaned and examined by experts. One museum leader said, “We've received lots of visitors who were interested in the murals.参考答案1.B【解析】句意:你必须努力戒烟。这对你的健康有害。你说得对。这可能很难，但值得一试。 考查非谓语。make an effort to do sth.“尽力做某事"；be worth doing sth,"值得做某事”。应选B。2 . A【解析】句意：在北京举行的2022年冬季奥运会取得了巨大成功。是的，我为它感到骄傲。考查非谓语动词。根据“The 2022 Winter Olympic Games.in Beijing achieved great success.”可知此句已有谓语 动词achieved,此处应用非谓语动词，排除BCD选项，held此处是过去分词形式，作后置定语，应选A。3 .C【解析】句意：一一看看我的冰墩墩！ 哦，很可爱。你能告诉我如何才能拥有一个吗？考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除ABD； C项是“疑问词+不定式”的结构作宾语，符合语境。应选 Co4 .C【解析】句意：在考试开始时，我应该做什么？ 浏览整张试卷是必要的。考查动词短语辨析。worry about担忧；care for照料； look through浏览；take off起飞，脱掉。根据“一What should I do at the beginning of the exam?一It is necessary to . the whole test paper.”并结合选项可知考试第一步 是浏览整张试卷。应选C。5 .C【解析】句意：我父母总是告诉我不要错过任何机会，因为它可以帮助我成长。考查动词不定式的否认形式。tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要干某事”，是动词不定式的否认形式，固定 用法。应选C。6 .B【解析】句意：一一现在准备好在电视上给孩子们播放动画片了吗？ 是的。考查动词辨析和非谓语动词°play播放;be played被播放;display陈列；be displayed被陈列。根据“the cartoon 可知，应是播放动画片，排除C、D；主语the cartoon与谓语play之间是被动关系，即“动画片被播放“，故 排除A选项。应选B。7.C【解析】句意：一一你钢琴弹得真好。你是怎么做到的？一一我认为每天练习钢琴很重要。考查it固定句型。It is+形容词+t。d。sth,“做某事是的”，不定式作主语。应选C。8.D【解析】句意：Becky,你上周做了什么？ 我们开心地驱车去了乡村。考查动名词。have fun (in) doing sth.开心做某事，固定搭配。应选D。9 .D【解析】句意：由于时间不多了，我建议乘出租车去那里。考查非谓语动词。suggest doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“建议做某事”，应选D。10 . B【解析】句意：警察警告该男子酒后不要开车。考查非谓语动词。warn sb. (not) to do sth.”警告某人(不要)做某事",根据"warned the man.after drinking可知是酒后不要开车，用结构warn sb. not to do sth.。应选B。1LC【解析】句意：为了接近大自然，上个周六，我的朋友们让我去山里远足。考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。ask sb to do sth表示“要求某人做某事”或“让某人做某事' 其中动词不定式 to do作宾语补足语。应选C。12. D【解析】句意：我的英语老师去北京是为了提升自己。考查非谓语动词。去北京的目的是为了提升自己，此处用动词不定式表目的，应选D。13. B【解析】句意：托马斯，不要忘了明天穿一双舒服的鞋。我们将会走很长的路。好的。谢谢 你提醒我。考查不定式。根据“Thanks for reminding me.”可知，事情还没有做，将做而未做用to do不定式作forget宾语。 应选B。14. C【解析】句意：学生在英语俱乐部有更多的机会练习说英语。考查非谓语动词。短语practice doing sth."练习做某事”；此处用speak的动名词。应选C。15. C【解析】句意：这个科学博物馆是一个如此有趣的地方以致于很多孩子们都喜欢去参观它。考查非谓语动词。根据题干可知这里固定搭配，have fun doing sth意为“做某事有乐趣”，reading“阅读”， visiting"参观”，it指的是科学博物馆，应该是参观科学博物馆。应选C。16. B【解析】句意：妈妈，你为什么把收音机关小？ 因为我尽量不要吵醒你妹妹。考查非谓语动词。根据“why did you turn down the radio”可知，调小收音机是为了不想吵醒妹妹，用try not to do sth表示“尽量不要去做某事"，应选Bo17. C【解析】句意：社区工作人员有足够的耐心向老人解释如何使用健康码。考查非谓语动词。be+形容词+enough to do sth”足够做某事”，动词不定式作结果状语，应选C。18. C【解析】句意：众所周知，王亚平是第一位进入空间站的中国女性。考查非谓语动词。根据"Wang Yaping is the first Chinese woman . a space station.“可知，第一位进入空间站的 中国女性；此处要用不定式作后置定语，修饰“woman"。应选C。19. C【解析】句意：我们经常在放学后完 成作业。考查固定短语。finish doing sth."完成某事，做完某事、固定短语。应选C。20 .A【解析】句意：要写好一篇演讲稿，我们首先要知道听众是谁。考查介词用法。写好演讲稿是直到听众是谁的目的，用动词不定式作目的状语。应选A。21 .D【解析】句意：大卫喜欢画画，他的作品在我们同学中很受欢迎。考查非谓语动词。enjoy doing sth.”享受做某事”，为固定搭配，应选D。22 .D【解析】句意：我们明天早上需要这么早起床吗？ 是的，为了赶上第一班火车，我们必须。考查非谓语动词。根据“the first train, we have to.”可知，此处表示目的,用动词不定式,应选D。23 .B【解析】句意：为了享受网上购物，我的奶奶将买一部智能手机。考查动词不定式。Enjoyed动词的过去式；To enjoy动词不定式；Enjoy动词原形；Enjoying动名词。根据题 干“the online shopping,my grandma will buy a smart phone.”可知我奶奶买智能手机是为了网络购物，用动词 不定式“to enjoy”表示目的。应选B。24 . B【解析】句意：夫人，我怎样才能提高我的发音？ 继续练习，你会进步的。考查动名词。根据“Keep on”可知，Keep on doing sth“继续做某事' 使用动名词。应选B。25 . A【解析】句意：我写日记只是为了记住生活中重要的事情。考查动词不定式。此句考查动词不定式作目的状语，应选A。26 .D【解析】句意： 你是怎么告诉玛丽这个故事的？ 通过发电子邮件。考查动名词用法。介词by后跟动名词作宾语，所以用sending,应选D。27 .A【解析】句意：令我吃惊的是，我的父母允许我和我的朋友一起去上海迪士尼乐园参观。考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，因此此处应用动词不定式。应选A。28 . D【解析】句意：明天就轮到你在课堂上做英语演讲了。你紧张吗？考查动词不定式。"It's one's turn to do sth”意为“轮到某人做某事了”。应选D。29 . C【解析】句意： 哦，你的祖母看起来好年轻。是的，她每天都坚持锻炼，所以她精力充分。考查非谓语动词。practice 练习；exercise 锻炼。根据"she keeps.everyday so she is full of energy”可知坚持锻 炼才会精力充分；keep doing sth“继续做某事、固定短语。应选Co. D【解析】句意：史密斯小姐，我很担忧即将到来的考试。别紧张。你最好尽你所能防止犯愚 蠢的错误。考查非谓语动词。根据“You，d better do what you can.stupid mistakes.”可知，此处表示目的，因此用动词不 定式“to avoid”； “avoid doing sth."意为“防止做某事”,因此用“making”。应选D。3LD【解析】句意:政府 建议人们在业余时间待在家里。考查非谓语动词。根据"The government advised people.at home in their spare time.”可知，advise sb. to do sth. 表示“建议某人做某事”，此处是固定用法，因此用t。stay。应选D。32 .A【解析】句意：你能告诉我怎么去图书馆吗？考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。此处用“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，应选A。33 .D【解析】句意：我们已经工作了这么长时间。让我们停下来休息一下吧。考查非谓语动词。have“有"，stop doing sth"停止做某事"；stop to do sth"停下来去做某事"，根据"We have worked so long."可知，我们已经工作了很长时间，因此要停下来休息一下，应选D。34 .A【解析】句意：当我们有问题的时候，有必要和我们的父母谈谈。考查非谓语动词。根据"It is necessary . to our parents when we have problem.”可知，该句的结构为 it is+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是怎样的“，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语，应选A。35 .A【解析】句意：西昌湿地公园是个非常美丽的地方，值得一游。考查动名词。be worth doing为固定搭配，意为“值得做某事”。此处选择visiting,以主动形式表达被动含义。 应选Ao36 . B【解析】句意：他觉得看大象踢足球没什么意思。考查形式宾语。根据"find it adj. to do sth”可知，it作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语；应选B。37 .B【解析】句意：为了保护地球，我们除了与各种污染作斗争别无选择。考查动词不定式。根据“have no choice but”可知have no choice but to do sth表示“除了别无选择“，因此此处应用动词不定式。应选B。38. A【解析】句意：“没有面具，就不能乘车！ ”上海市政府允许出租车司机拒绝搭载不戴口罩的乘客。 考查非谓语动词。固定短语refuse to do sth"拒绝做某事"，应选A。39. B【解析】句意：俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的战争总是警告我们要珍惜今天的和平生活。考查非谓语动词。短语warn sb. to do sth.“警告某人去做某事”,value“珍视”,是动词,应选B。40. C【解析】句意：你刚才离开房间的时候忘记关灯了吗？ 不，我记得做过，妈妈。考查非谓语动词。根据“Did you forget. off the light when you left the room just now?”可知问是否忘记去关灯， 用forget to do sth.“忘记去做某事”；再由"No, I remember . that, Mum.”可知此处表示记得关过灯了,用 remember doing sth.”记得做过某事"。应选Co二、41. to language learning【解析】language learning“语言学习"；the secret to."的秘诀”。故填 to languageleaning o42. how to wear correctly【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处表达的意思是“如何正确地佩戴“， 佩戴 口罩需要使用 wear“佩戴"，how to do”如何做 ”，correctly“正确地"，故填 how； to； wear； correctly o43. It isto discover【解析】固定句型It is said that”据说"；discover"发现“，此处是the first to do sth”第一个做某事的“结构。故填It； is； to； discovero44. whether【解析】"是否"可用连词if或whether来表示，空后加不定式时,只用whethero故填whethero45. practicing mistakes【解析】practice“练习"；keep doing sth"练习做某事“，第一空填动名词；make mistakes"犯错误"，故填 practicing； mistakeso46. bring out【解析】bring out the best in sb"使某人展示最好的一面"，help to do sth“帮助做某事”，故 填 bring； out。47. disbelief rising【解析】根据中英文对照可知，“直愣愣地”表示人们是难以置信的状态；in disbelief® 以置信地”，固定短语；rise“升起”，动词，此处用其现在分词形式rising表示smoke与rise之间是主动关系， 且正在升起，作smoke的补语。故填disbelief； risingo48. drank too much tea【解析】too.to“太而不能”, drink"喝",too much tea"太多茶”,时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填drank too much tea。49. to separate from(解析固定短语 promise to do sth”承诺做某事"。separate fh)m“分开故填 to separate fromo50. too to【解析】根据中英文比照可知，此处考查固定搭配t。t。"太而不能", too为副 词修饰形容词，to do为不定式作结果状语。故填too； to。51. take a message/to take a message【解析】捎个口信：take a messageo help sb (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”。 故填 take a message/to take a messageo52. help get/gain【解析】根据题意可知第一个空填写“帮助”，即help,且can是情态动词，后跟动词 原形；第二空填写“获得”,即get/gain, help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事"。故填help； get/gaino53. reading aloud【解析】read aloud“大声朗读"。of为介词，后接名词、代词和动名词，故第一空用 read的动名词形式“reading"，第二空用副词aloud。故填reading； aloudo54. make herself happy【解析】make sb+形容词“使某人 ”, oneselr某人自己”，the girl是女性，所以反 身代词用herself, happy “开心”，形容词作宾补，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填make herself happy。55. to pull together【解析】pull together“齐心协力It is+adj+fbr sb+to do sth”对某人来说做某事是的”,为固定句型。故pull together前加to,不定式作真正的主语。故填to pull together。56. waste【解析】waste“浪费”；根据tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”可知，此处要用动词原形。 故填waste o57. prevent/stop【解析】预防：prevent/stop ；此处用动词原形作后置定语。故填pre ven t/s top。58. What about going swimming/How about going swimming【解析】根据汉语意思可知，此处缺少“去游泳怎 么样？”来表示建议。"怎么样"译为"What about”或者"How about."去游泳"译为“go swimming”，about是介词，因此后面的动词要变为动名词。故填What/How about going swimming?59. for develop【解析】It is+形容词+for sb to do sth表示“对某人来说，做某事是的”，it是形式主语，to do sth是真正主语；develop“养成"，是动词,故填for； develop060. too to【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“太而不能”，其英文表达为too adj. to do sth.。故填 too； tOo61. prefer to【解析】根据语境可知，这件事情是普遍现象，时态为一般现在时, 且根据“宁愿玩手机 也不愿做运动”可知，考查”宁愿 也不 "，英语为"prefer to do rather than do”，主语"many teenagers” 为复数，谓语应用原形。故填prefer； to。62. tospend【解析】固定短语tell sb not to do sth”告诉某人不做某事"。spend“花费”，是动词。故填to；spendo63. turn off【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处应填“关闭”，固定短语turn of/关闭"，空前有不定式 符号，动词用原形，故填turn； offo64. flying kite【解析】"放风筝"fly a kite,介词about后接动名词flying。故填flying； kite。65. usegiving/making【解析】“以前"可用 used to do sth 来表示，"害怕”可用 be afraid of doing sth,“发言”是give a speech或make a speecho该句为Did引导的一般过去时的一般疑问句，助动词后接动词原形， 因此第一空应填use,第二空应填动名词giving或making。故填use； giving/makingo66. taking of【解析】拍照用动词take, enjoy后用动名词作宾语，因此第一空填taking；自拍即拍某 人自己的照片，表示所属关系用介词of表示。故填taking； ofo67. to listen to music【解析】listen to music"听音乐"，根据"It's very dangerous for you.可知，此处考查 It is+ 形容词+for sb+to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是的"。故填to listen to musico68. get ready【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“准备”，可以用get ready for来表达，不定式“to” 后接动词原形。故填 get ； ready o 69. it is to prevent the spread of the disease/it is to prevent the disease(from)spreading/to prevent the spread of the disease is【解析】根据语境可知，空缺处少主语“阻止疾病 传播“，缺少谓语“是“，而且表达的是现在的普遍状况，应用一般现在时，主语为动词，可以表达为不定式 或动名词作主语或"It's + to do sth.”即“to prevent the spread of the disease is"或"preventing the spreat of the disease is"或"it is to prevent the spread of the disease”。故填 it is to prevent the spread of the disease/it is to prevent the disease(from)spreading/to prevent the spread of the disease is。70 . where to buy【解析】“在哪里”用疑问副词where,“买”是动词buy,动词know后可接疑问词+ 不定式作宾语，因止匕“在哪里买''应是where to buy。故填where； to； buyo71 . pulled/worked together put out【解析】pull/work together意为“齐心协力、通力合作”，根据句 中“last night”提示，句子应用一般过去时' 故动词pull/work应用过去式。put out意为“扑灭”，根据空格前“to” 提示此处为动词不定式作结果状语，故动词put应用原形。故填pulled/worked； together； put； outo72 . pays attention to keeping【解析】注意着使用短语pay attention to,句子是一般现在时且主语 是第三人称单数，所以pay要用三单形式pays；保持用动词ke叩，因为to是介词，因此ke叩用动名词形式 keepingo 故填 pays； attention； to； keeping073 . give up our dreams解析】"放弃"give up；"梦想"dream,根据语境可知,指的是“我们的梦想“，即our dreams； and连接两个并列成分，由“to believe in”可知此处应填不定式，但为了防止重复，常省略第二个不定式符号 too 故填 give up our dreamso74 . is worth waiting for【解析】“值得做某事"be worth doing sth；"等待"wait foro 主语"anything”是不定代词， 是单数形式，本句为一般现在时，故be动词用is。故填is worth waiting for。75 . not to make【解析】发现不做某事是的：find it adj. not to do sth.,动词不定式作宾语，it作形式宾语；编造：make upo故填not； to； make。76 . deal with【解析】应对：deal with；结合“how to”，此处使用动词原形；故填deal； w汕。77 . left out【解析】短语leave ou俨忽略”，是动词,此处是感到被忽略。此处是过去分词作表语，leave的过 去分词是left, feel left out”感到被冷落”。故填left out。78 . to come up with【解析】固定短语come up with“想出”;固定结构enough to do"足以故填to come upwitho79 . looking forward to going back/looking forward to returning 【北军析】 固定短语 look forward to doing sth.“期待 着做某事”，此处需用现在分词形式，与空前be动词“are”构成现在进行时；go back to/return to“返回”。故填 looking forward to going back/returningo 80. was found lying on【解析】find“发现"，主