备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力训练02 介词要点精读与精练.docx
备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清(通用版)介词分常考介词的辨析分常考介词的辨析介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一,使用频率相当高,其用法跟冠词一样复杂。但根据近年来高考命题的情况来看,考生需要掌握以下内容。1.表示相同或相似概念的介词(短语)的区别. Sorry, you can't enter our museum now. It's the visiting hours.表示的概念介词(短语)区另例时间in on atat在一个时间点上;in在一段的时间之内;on在具体日子。at 8 o'clock, at noonin the i 990s, in Januaryon Monday, on a warm .morningsincefromsince指从过去到现在的 一段时间,和完成时连用;from指从时间的某一点 开始。®We have not seen each other since 1995.I hope to do morning exercises from today.in, afterin指在一段时间之后,也 可以指一段时间之内 =within;after表示某一具体时间 点之后或用在过去时的 一段时间中。We'H be back in three days.After seven the rain began to fall.What shall we do after graduation?in the endat the end of by the end ofin the end 作"最后"、" 终于"解,单独作句子成 分,后不接介词of; at the end of表示"在末梢","到In the end they reached a place of safety.At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden.They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week.By the end of last month he had finished theOh, I didn't notice the time. I'll conic early tomorrow.A. offB. againstC. beyondD. opposite. Dr. Martin Luther King was killed April 4th, 1968.一What a pity! Today is April 4th. 2022. I think 54 years a short time, but I still remember him.A. in; areB. on; aren'tC. on; isn'tD. in; is37 .China's National Constitution Day (国家宪法日),many educational activities are carried out to raise constitutional awareness the public.A. In; betweenB. On: betweenC. On; amongD. In: among. I,m looking forward to a new life in the high school that Eve dreamt of.A. startB. startsC. startedD. starting二、完成句子38 .时间飞逝!再有两周我们就要毕业了。How lime flies! We are going to graduate from school.39 .你能给我一些处理这个问题的建议吗?Could you give me some suggestions for the problem?40 .这位老师坐在他的学生中间,和他们聊得很开心。The teacher is sitting and talking happily with them.41 .明天上午放风筝怎么样?What about a tomorrow morning?42 .很多女孩子现在喜欢用手机自拍。Many girls now enjoy photos themselves with their mobile phones.43 .没有互联网,我们就不能在几秒钟之内相互发送短信息。the Internet,is us to send short messages to each other in a few seconds.44 .同学们都在寻找学好英语的秘诀。All the students arc looking for the learning English well.45 .愚人节那天,汤姆发生什么事了?What happened to Tom?46 .莉莉坐在芳芳的旁边。Lily sits Fangfang.47 .马来西亚位于东南亚,占地面积大约33万平方公里。Malaysia South East Asia. It about 330 thousand square metres.48 .作为志愿者在社区中心工作是很有意义的。Ifs meaningful to . 52.我也学会了像“这简直是小菜一碟”和“你活该”这样有用的句 子。I also learned useful sentences"It's a piece of cake" or “Il you righl”.53 .你介意为我们做一个关于餐桌礼仪的演讲吗?Do you for us?54 .美丽的常州是我的家乡。它位于中国的东部。The beautiful city Changzhou is my hometown_.55 .芦笛岩是一个有着众多奇特造型岩石的洞穴。The Reed Flute Cave is a cave.56 .时间飞逝!我们将在儿周后毕业。How time flies! We are going to graduate.57 .冬奥会期间,这家餐厅为来自世界各地的运发动提供六百多道不菜品。600 dishes the global athletes in this restaurant during the Winter Olympics.58 .人们喜欢在每年三月放风筝。People like to fly kites every year.59 .他在花园里看到了一只漂亮的小猫。He saw a beautiful cat.60 .我们将在2022年9月开始新生活的旅程。We will set out our new journey, 2022.61 .玛丽擅长数学,她总能用不同的方法解答难题。Mary is good at math and she can solve the difficult problems.62 .卜'雪天开车小心。Drive carefully.63 .在周三晚上,他与他爸爸一起去游泳。He swims with his father.64 .学校对面过去曾有个酒店。There used to be a hotel the school.65 .河上有一座古桥。There is an ancient bridge.66 .东京奥运会将于 2021 年 7 月 23 日举办。Tokyo Olympic gamesJuly 23rd,2021.67 .别怕犯错误,我们可以从众多错误中学到东西。Don't be afraid of and we can learn from them.68 .没有努力工作,梦想不可能实现。A drcam can't come true.69 .好的学习者不怕在练习的时候犯错误。Good learners while practicing.70 .水、电、气断了,他们生活的方方面面都受到严重的影响。water, electricity and gas, all aspects of (heir life were affected.71 .习主席的这次访问意义重大,将大力推动两国开展。The visit of President Xi is so meaningful the development of the two countries greatly.72 .这些登山者的精神向我们说明:我们决不应该放弃实现自己梦想的尝试。(achieve) The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never.73 .选择的酒店价位不同,提供给你的服务水平不同。Choosing hotels at different prices, you will be provided.74 .玲玲坐在大明旁边。Lingling sits Darning.75 .当我到达那儿时,电影你好,李焕英已经开演半个小时了。The film Hi, Mom had already been on when I arrived there.76 .我们决定在周六的下午去帮助清洁工清扫人民公园。Wc decide to help street cleaners clean up the People's Park.77 .他以怀疑的眼光上下打量我。He looked me up and down.78 .在你新桌子的上方放盏灯是很方便的。Having a light your desk is very convenient.79 .我们经常被建议要多和父母交流而不是保守秘密。We are often it to ourselves, (advise).汤姆,过来和其他同学站成一排!Come and stand the other students, Tom!三、短文填空1 根据短文及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,使其意思完整。A salt seller used to carry big bags of salt on his donkey's back as he made his way to the market every day.On the way there, they had to c 81 a river. One day, the donkey took a sudden fall into the river. The big bags of salt a 82 fell into the water. The salt seller didn't notice, but some of the salt dissolved in the water, making the bags much lighter to carry. The donkey r 83 this and felt much more comfortable on his way to the market.The next day. the donkey did the same thing, except this (84 he fell in (he water on purpose. Again,(he bags were lighter and e 85 to carry.The salt seller soon found out w 86 was going on and decided to teach his donkey a lesson. The next day, he put two big bags of cotton on the donkey's back. Again the donkey played the same trick, hoping that the bags would become c 87 lighter.But the cotton that fell into the water instead became very h 88 to carry. The donkey learned a lesson and didn't play this trick anymore after that day.Sometimes, we might feel tempted (有诱惑力的)to take shortcuts or cheat when we have a lot of hard w 89 to do. However, taking shortcuts and cheating will often come back to h 90 us later. It is better (o simply work honestly.2 阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义 准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。People send birthday greetings by using cards in both eastern and Western countries. It is not 91 (know) when and where exactly the tradition of sending birthday cards began. It is believed that it began in England in 92 early nineteenth century. In those days people sent birthday cards when they couldn't wishsomebody a happy birthday in 93, p3 :snj.In 1840, the first stamp was used in Britain and sending birthday cards became 94 (easy), cheaper and more popular. The development of 95' kA la printing processes in the 1930s also helped toincrease the 96 (sell) of birthday cards.Today cards are often 97 (give) with a present, even when people can express their wishes face to face. In recent times e-cards have also become popular. Many people are starting to use e-cards instead of traditional cards 98 they are free, environmentally friendly and easy to arrive. So will e-cards lake place of paper cards completely in ten or twenty years? Probably 99. Forexample, fbr kids and old people, they don't use c-cards very often.If your birthday is coming soon, do you wish that at 100 one person could congratulate youwith a beautiful card then?3 阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词,使短文意思完整、行 文连贯。Many people in Asia eat rice every day. It is a big part of the Asian diet. People also use rice to make rice101 /,nu:dlz/, rice flour (粉),rice milk, rice cake and rice paper. Rice grows in rice paddies (稻田).You can find rice paddies in many 1()2 (place). There can be thousands of rice plants in one paddy. Each plant is103 (call) a stalk (秆).Each stalk of rice has over one hundred grains (谷粒)on it.When farmers grow rice, they must take good care 104 it so that it can grow well. Rice needs good soil, a lot of sunshine and a lot of water. Rice 105 needs space to grow. This is why farmers usually plant rice stalks in rows. Then each plant has enough space around it. Temperature is very important, too. Rice grows best in 106 /wo :m/ places.The 107 (one) step to grow rice is preparing (he land. It must be level. When the land is ready, the farmers plant the rice and 108 (cover) it with water. After the rice starts to grow, fanners move the little stalks to a bigger 109 /fi:ld/. Then they watch and wait. 110 takes about three to six months for a rice plant to become ready. Then the rice is harvested by the fanners, so people can eat the rice.参考答案1.B【解析】句意:2022年冬奥会于2022年2月20日结束。考查介词辨析。in在(年、月、季节):on在(具体某一天):al在(某一时刻);foi长达(一段时间)。根 据“Feb. 20th, 2022”可知,空后具体到2月20 口这一天,用。n。应选B。2. D【解析】句意:丹妮自从去年 六月就为考试做准备了。他取得了一个令人开心的结果。考查介词辨析。while当时候,连词;after之后,介词或连词;before之前,介词或连词;since自从,介词或连词。根据"Danny has been ready for the exam . last June. He got a pleasant result.”可知前半句用的是现 在完成时,结合选项,since用于现在完成时并符合整个语境。应选D。3.B【解析】句意:人造飞船“神舟十三号”在2022年4月16日安全返回了地球。考查时间介词。in用在较长时间段,例如月份、季节、年份前;。n用在具体某一天前;at用在具体时刻前; since自从,主句用现在完成时。此处时间是“April 16,2022”,有具体的口子,因此用。n。应选B。4. A【解析】句意:他什么时候动身去上海的? 在3月3日上午。考查介词辨析。On后接具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上;At后接时刻;In后接月份、年 份、季节;For为了。根据“the morning of March 3”可知,涉及到具体的一天,应该用介词on。应选A。5. A【解析】句意:汤姆已经住在这个大城市很长时间了。考查介词辨析。in"在里”;on“在上”;under*'在正下方";fh)m“从回in+地点,in the big city"在 大城市里应选A。6. A【解析】句意:我们将在七月份去承德度假。我太激动了。考查介词。in+年,月,季节;on+具体某一天;at+时刻点;by+时间点,表示“到为止”。此题空格后为 “July”月份,所以用介词in。应选A。7.B【解析】句意:迈克,我将在周六晚上举行一个聚会。你想加入我们吗?是的,我想去。考查介词。al用于具体的钟点前;in用于年、月、季节等泛指的时间前:on用于具体的某一天前,或具体 某一天的上/下午/晚上前:wi由和;根据“the evening of Saturday”可知,此处指的是具体的一天的晚上,应 用介词on,应选B。8. D【解析】句意:他找到了这只流浪狗,并在一个夏日的黄昏把它带同家。考查介词辨析。in后加某年某月某季节等;at加具体的时刻;for后加一段时间;on后加具体的某一天。根 据“a summer evening.”可知,此处是一个夏日的黄昏,具体到了某一天,应选D。9. D【解析】句意:Tim打算在父亲节那天给他的爸爸一个惊喜。考杳介词辨析。in在,用于年、月、季节等名词前;at在,用于具体的时刻前;2至U; on在,用于具体的 某一天的名词前。根据“Father's Day”可知父亲节是具体的某一天,因此其前应用介词。n。应选D。10. C【解析】句意:第24届北京冬奥会于2022年2月4日开幕。考查介词辨析。in在内;al在;on在(某一天);for表示一段时间。根据“4th February, 2022”可知,在 具体某一天前使用时间介词on。应选C。11. B【解析】句意:重庆是一座位于中国西南部的美丽城市。考杳介词辨析。at在(某处),通常接的是小地方;in在之内,指一个小地方处在一个大地方的范围(疆 域)之内;t。指一个地方在另一个地方的范闱之外且不接壤:on指两地是相邻接壤的关系。根据常识可知, 重庆市位于中国西南地区,故应用介词in。应选B。12 .A【解析】句意:尽你最大的努力去学习,你的梦想在六月就会实现。考查介词辨析。in在,用于年、月、季节前;on在,用于具体的某一天前;at在,用于具体的时刻前;for 为,为了。June是六月,为具体的月份,其前应用介词in。应选A。13 .B【解析】句意:在下雨天你经常做些什么? 看书。考杳介词辨析。in在较长的一段时间;on在特定的某一天或某几天;at在某时;to到某时。根据"rainy days” 可知,此处表示在下雨天,属于特定的某几天,故搭配介词on: on rainy days表示“在下雨天”。应选B。14. C【解析】句意:没有数学知识就不可能学好物理。我完全同意!所以我们也应该学好数学。考查介词辨析。without 没有;beyond 超出;against 反对;between 在之间。根据“So we should also learnmaths well”可知,学好物理不能没有数学知识,用without。应选C。15. C【解析】句意:对不起,这台机器是怎么工作的? 它靠电运转。考查介词辨析。in使用(语言或材料),在里;by使用,通过(方法、手段,交通工具);on通过(带 电的通讯),在上;with用(工具),和,带有。run on electricity”靠电力运行”,on electricity“用电”,固定词组。应选C。16. B【解析】句意:在一个春天的早晨,我们很兴奋地看到一只鸟飞进了我们的教室。考查介词辨析。In用于年、月、季节等;On用于具体的一天;Al在;For为了。根据“a spring morning”可 知,是指具体的一个春天早晨,应选B。17. A【解析】句意:“天宫课堂'第二节课于2022年3月23日开始。考查介词辨析。n后接具体某一天等;in后接年、月、季节等;at后接具体时刻等;for后接时间段。根据 “March 23, 2022”可知指在2022年3月23日这一天,用介词on。应选A。18. C【解析】句意:北京2022年冬季奥运会开幕式于2月4日晚举行。考查介词辨析。at用于具体的钟点前;in用于年、月、季节等泛指的时间前;。n用于具体的某一天前,或 具体某一天的上/卜,午/晚上前;根据“the evening of February 4.”可知,此处是指具体一天的晚上,应选C。19. C【解析】句意:走过这座桥,你就会找到邮局。考查介词用法。through通过;cross穿过,动词;across穿过,介词;past经过。根据"Walkthe bridge”可 知是穿过桥,是从外表穿过,walk across“穿过应选C。20. B【解析】句意:你的毛衣看起来很漂亮。它是什么做的? 羊毛,它是武汉制造的。考杳介词。bemadefrom/of意为“由制成”,of后面跟制成品可看出原材料,制作过程仅发生物理变化, from后面跟制成品看不出原材料,制作过程发生了化学变化。be made in在某个地方制造,或某年月制造: on后面跟在具体某一天,be made on在某天制造。根据回答“Wool”可知毛衣是羊毛制造的,能看出材料, 用of;根据空格后“Wuhan”是地点,应用in。应选B。21. D【解析】句意:在他四卜岁时,她开始学钢琴。考查介词辨析。at后接具体时刻;on后接具体一天;for后接一段时间;in后接某年某月某季节。in one's+ 整十的基数词复数形式,表示“在某人多大年龄时“,应选D。22. C【解析】句意:看,彼得正在用左手写字。哇,很酷!考查介词辨析。in在里;by%; with用;through通过。根据语境可知,句子说的是彼得在用左手写字, 考查with"用:在句中作方式状语。应选C。23. C【解析】句意:2022年3月21日14时23分,中国东方航空公司MU5735航班在广西壮族自治区梧 州市滕县坠毁。考查介词。at用于具体的钟点前;in用于年、月、季节等泛指的时间前;on用于具体的某一天前,或具体 某一天的上/下午/晚上前;第一空后是具体的时间点“14:23",应用介词at;第二空后是“March 21, 2022”, 是具体的一天,应用介词on,应选C。24. B【解析】句意:4月30日下午,许多外国游客抵达上海。考杳介词辨析。in作为时间介词,用于世纪、年、月、季节等:al常用于表示钟点等;on作为时间介词, 用于具体某天或者具体某天的上午、下午或晚上等:1。至上根据“the afternoon of April 30th”可知,第一空后 的时间为具体某天的下午,应用on,排除A和D:根据“Shanghai”可知,上海是个大地点,arrive in+较大 的地点,arrive at+较小的地点,没有arrive to的搭配,第二空为in,排除C。应选B。25. A【解析】句意:在这样一个寒冷的早晨,我也像往常一样6点钟起床去跑步。考查介词辨析。on后接具体某一天的上下午晚上等;at后接具体时刻等;in后接年、月、季节等。根据“ such a cold morning”可知此处指在具体的一个寒冷的早晨,第一空用介词On;再由"6 o'clock”可知在具体钟 表时刻前用介词at。应选A。26. C【解析】句意:两会于2022年3月在北京成功举办。考杳介词辨析。until直到;for加一段时间;in后加某年某月某季节;on后加具体到某一天或具体某一天的 早晨、下午和晚上。空后“March, 2022”是指具体的月份,用介词下。应选C。27. A【解析】句意:一般来 说,中午的时候太阳在天空中是最高的。考查介词辨析。at后加具体的时刻;by借助;till直到;after在之后。固定短语at noon”在中午”。应选 AoA【解析】句意:神舟十三号的三位宇航员是什么时候在天宫空间站上上课的? 2021年12月9 日下午3:45。考查介词辨析。in后加某年某月某季节;on后加具体的某一天;at后加具体的时刻。第一空后是具体时刻; 第二空是具体到某一天应用介词。n。应选A。28. D【解析】句意:汤姆经常在母亲节早早起床并做早餐。考查介词辨析。in在里面,用在年份、月份、季节等之前;for为了; at用在具体时刻、年龄等之前; on在上,用在具体口期之前。根据“Mother's Day”可知,在具体口期之前用介词on。应选D。29. C【解析】句意:星期五将在我们学校举行运动会。考查介词辨析。al后加具体的时刻;in后加某年某月某季节;on后加具体到某一天或具体某一天的早晨、 下午和晚上;for+一段时间。空后“Friday”是具体的某一天,用介词on。应选C。30. A【解析】句意:晚饭后我经常带我的狗沿河散步。考查词义辨析。along沿着,顺着;above在上面;over (局部或全部覆盖)在上面,超过;under在下面。根据“often take my dog for a walk. the river”可知是沿着河散步,应选A«31. B【解析】句意:两个月后我就要上高中了。我不敢相信时间过得这么快。考查介词辨析。at+时间点;in+时间段表将来;on+具体的某一天;for为了。根据"I will be in senior high school.”可知,此句是一般将来时,应用表将来的时间状语,in two months“两个月后应选B。32. B【解析】句意:有些人在双十一日买了很多没用的东西。这是浪费钱。考查介词辨析。in+年、月、季节;on+具体某一天;al+时刻点:with和。根据“Double Eleven Day双十一” 可知,是具体某一天。应选B。33. B【解析】句意:我们经常通过大声朗读来学习英语。考查介词辨析。in在里面:by通过;on在上面;for为了。根据“study English .reading out aloud”可知,空处表示通过朗读学英语,应选B。34. C【解析】句意:除了牛奶和奶酪,我们还需要一些蔬菜和水果做沙拉。考查介词辨析。except除了,不包括其后的事物;without没有;besides除了,包括其后的事物;of表所属。根据”.for our salad.”可知做沙拉需要牛奶和奶酪,所以是包括在内,应选C。35. C【解析】句意:从她脸上的表情我可以看出,在一个寒冷的晚上发生了一些令人兴奋的事情。 没错!考查介词辨析。on在上,或用在具体某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上前;with和,带有,用 工具;by通过(方式,媒介);in用于较长时间段前。根据+ell”可知空格处填by, tell by从可以看出, 依据 判断,通过 认知到,固定短语。由“a cold evening”可知用on,此处指具体的晚上。应选C。36. C【解析】句意:对不起,你现在不能进入我们的博物馆。已经超过参观时间了。哦,我没注 意到时间。我明天早点来。考查介词辨析。off从离开;against反对;beyond超出;opposite在对面;根据“Oh、I didn't notice thetime. I'll come early tomorrow.”可知,是超出参观时间了,应选C。37. C【解析】句意:马丁 路德金博士在1968年4月4日被杀害。真遗憾!今天是2022年4月4 口。我想54年不算短,但我仍然记得他。考查介词和主谓一致。in用于年、月、季节等泛指的时间前;on用于具体的某一天前,或具体某天的上/ 下午/晚上前。“April 4th, 1968.”是具体的一天,介词用on;第二空主语“54 years”是一个整体,谓语用单数 形式,应选C。38. C【解析】句意:在中国的国家宪法日,开展了许多教育活动,以提高公众的宪法意识。考查介词。in用于年、月和季节之前;on用于具体的某一天之前;between在两者之间;among在三者或三 者以上中间。第一空是用于具体的某一天,故应用on;第二空表示三者或三者以上当中,故应用among。 应选C。39. D【解析】句意:我正期待着在高中开始我梦寐以求的新生活。考杳非谓语用法。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语是动词短语look forward to"期待做某事”,2为介词,后 接动名词形式。应选D。%in two weeks【解析】“再有两周”也就是“两周后”,in“在(某段时间)之后";two weeks“两周”。故填in two weeks o40. dcaling#doing with【解析】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“处理”,其英文表达为dcal/do w汕; 介词for后跟动名词形式。故填dealing/doing; with。41. among his students【解析】根据汉语意思可知,空处缺少“他的学生中间”的英文表达,among”在中 间(三者及三者以上)",his “他的“,students“学生”,此处用复数形式。故填among his students。42. flying kite【解析】"放风筝"fly a kite,介词about后接动名词flying。故填flying; kite。43. taking of【解析】拍照用动词take, enjoy后用动名词作宾语,因此第一空填taking;自拍即拍某人自己的照片,表示所属关系用介词of表示。故填taking; ofo尽头”,既可指时间,也 可以指地上或物体,不可 单独使用;by the encl of 作"在结束时","到末为止"解,只 能指时间。不可单独使 用。novel.位置betweenamong一般说来,between表示 两者之间,among用于三 者或三者以上的中间。®You arc to sit between your father and me. Hc is always happy among his classmates.注意:但有时说的虽然是三个以上的人 或东西,强调的是两两相互间接关系时、在谈到 一些事物或一组事物,而把它们视为分 居两边时以及在