2023年江苏中考英语核心语法精讲精练专题13 感叹句&反义疑问句&特殊疑问句含详解.docx

专题13感叹句&反义疑问句&特殊疑问句句感叹句：What a nice picture!How amazing they are!1. what引导的感叹句：what后加一个名词或名词短语所构成的感叹句叫what感叹句。基本结构如 下：(1) What+ a/an+形容词+可数名词的单数形式+ (主语+谓语+其他成分)！如：What a funny story he told me!What an honest girl( she is)!(2) What +形容词+可数名词的复数形式+ (主语+谓语+其他成分)！如：What brave soldiers they are in the war!What beautiful flowers (they are)!(3) What +形容词+不可数名词+ (主语+谓语+其他成分)！如 What fine weather (it is )today!What good news (it is) !注意：该结构是中考的重点考点，需要重点关注。中考中常考的一些不可数名词有news,information,advice,weather,fun,music,traffic,work,food,knowledge,furniture,progress 等。有些不可数名词，如果前面有形容词修饰，要将这些抽象名词具体化，在这些不可数名词前加不 定冠词a/an.如：What a great time we had last week!What a heavy rain!2. how引导的感叹句：由how引导的感叹句就叫how感叹句。基本结构如下：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分！如：How tall Yao Ming is!How fast the dragonfly flies in the sky!注意:有时候口语中也用这种结构的缩略形式，即“How+形容词/副词！ 如：How nice!/How fast!这里还要提醒学生注意一下形容词和副词使用的区别。3：中考卷中感叹句主要是以翻译句子的形式来考察的。 例一：打断别人说话多没礼貌啊！others!【答案 1 How rude/ impolite it is to cut in on例二：比拟下面两道题，看看他们有什么不同1 .useful information it is for me! A. What anB. How aC. WhatD. How.useful information center it is for me! A. What aB. How aC. WhatD. How【答案】LC 2.A【解析】第1题中“ useful information ”,为名词词组。what引导感叹句后接名词或名词短语，因此先排除B和 Do又因为information是不可数名词，因此不需要不定冠词，答案选C。第2题中“ useful information center ”，也是名词词组，而词短语中的information是修饰名词center 的，所以“ useful information center ”应看作一个可数名词的词组，因此需要用不定冠词，答案选A。反义疑问句：反义疑问句是提出情况或看法，问对方是否同意的句子。在中考题中反义疑问句主要在单项选择题中考 察。考点一：反义疑问句的类型.陈述句局部带有 never, few, little, nothing, nobody, no, none, neither, seldom, hardly, too.to.等否含 有定意义的词时，此陈述句为否认句，其附加疑问句要用肯定形式°She never tells a lie, does she?He is too young to go to school, is he?注意：陈述句局部带有具否认含义的前缀时，该句不可被认为是否认句，依然是肯定句，疑问句部 分仍然用否认形式。如：He looks unhappy today, doesn't he?1 .陈述句局部为There be句型时,疑问句局部用be there形式。如:There is a tree in front of our classroom, isn't there?2 .陈述句局部的主语是指事或物的不定代词如：something, anything, nothing, everything时，附加疑 问句局部的主语用it。如:Something is wrong with the computer, isn't it?3 .陈述句局部的主语是指人的不定代词如：somebody (someone), anybody (anyone), nobody (no one), everybody (everyone)时,附加疑问句局部的主语用he或they,这时问句动词的数应和he或they 一 致。如：Everyone has done their best in the game, haven't they?4 .当陈述句局部的谓语动词是have, has ,had时：(1)当have/has/had解释为"拥有”时,附加疑问句用have/has/had或是助动词do/does/did0当 have/has/had不解释为“拥有”时，那么只能用助动词do/does/did来构成附加疑问句。如：He has a few friends at school, hasn't he/ doesn't he?(2)当陈述句的谓语局部由have to时,附加疑问句用don't/doesn't/didn't。如:They had to get up early, didn't they?(3)当陈述句局部谓语局部有had better时，附加疑问句局部用had。如：You'd better stop talking in class, hadn't you?(4)当have/has / had用在完成时中，附加疑问句应用have/has / had来构成。如：He hasn't been to Beijing so far, has he?5 .陈述句谓语局部有need时：(1)当need为情态动词时，附加疑问句局部用need。如：We need not do it again, need we ?（2）当need为行为动词时,附加疑问句局部用do/does/did。如：We need to buy a new book, don't we?6 .祈使句的反义疑问句：（1）肯定的祈使句：附加疑问句局部用will you或won't you。（2）否认的祈使句：附加疑问句局部用w川you。（3）以let's开头的祈使句，附加问句用shall we;而以let us开头的，那么用will you。7 .陈述句局部为主从复合句时，疑问句局部的主语通常与主句的主语一致，注意此时主句的主语必须 是非第一人称。如：She said she would come tomorrow, didn't she?否认转移的考点：主句的主语假设是第一人称，其谓语动词是think, suppose, expect, believe, imagine等词时，反意 疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致。但分两种情况：（1）假设主句是肯定句，疑问句局部的谓语动词符合“前肯后否，前否后肯”原那么。如：We think it is a good idea, isn't it?（2）假设主句是否认句，即出现否认前移现象，疑问句局部谓语动词的肯定和否认形式与从句的肯 否形式保持一致。如：I don't think he is a good student, is he?8 .陈述句局部的谓语是used to时,疑问句局部用didn't或usednt如：He used to live in the village, didn't he/ usedn't he?考点二：反义疑问句的回答对反义疑问句作答时，假设答案是肯定的，那么用yes,后跟肯定形式的简略答句；假设答案是否认的，那么 用no,后跟否认形式的简略答语。特别注意，当陈述局部是否认形式时，回答要按事实。-Lucy is very good at skating, isn't she ?-Yes, she is.（是的,她很擅长。）遵循原那么：事实原那么。事实确实如此，回答yes；事实不是如此，回答no。They don't work hard, do they?Yes, they do.（不，他们工作努力）No, they don't.（对,他们工作不努力）遵循原那么：事实原那么。事实确实如此，回答yes；事实不是如此，回答no。例 1 ： Everything seems all right,?A. does it B. don't theyC. won't it D. doesn't it【答案】D例 2： Your brother often disagrees with you,he?. We often have different opinions.A. does; Yes B. doesn't; YesC. does; NoD. doesn't; No【答案】B例 3 ： She has gone abroad,?一No. She is still teaching us English at our school now.A. is sheB. isn't sheC. has sheD. hasn't she【答案】D特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词总结疑问句意思用法when什么时间问时间who谁问人whom谁问人whose谁的问主人where在哪里问地点which哪一个问选择why为什么问原因what什么问东西，问做什么事what time什么时间问时间（指具体时刻）what colour什么颜色问颜色what day星期几问星期what date什么日期问具体日期how怎么样问情况，或问什么方式、手段how old多大问年龄how many多少问数量（后加可数名词复数形式）how much多少问价钱，问数量（后加不可数名词）how far多远问路程how long多长时间问时间长度how often多经常问频率how soon多快问速度-Mr Black,will the parents' meeting last?-It's hard to say. Maybe one hour more.how long B. how muchC. how farD. how oftenThe charities have helped more children with the money people raise.A. WhoB. whatC. whereD. which-have you worked here?-For just one month.A. How oftenB. How longC. How soon D. How muchwill the Jinniu Lake Animal Kingdom be open?Maybe in the second half of this year. （）A. When B. Who C. What D. Where did you celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival this year, Tod?By making rice dumplings with my Chinese friends,A. WhereB. WhenC. HowD. Why6.I do, I do it for you. Do not ever doubt that, my boy.A. WhateverB. WhereverC. WheneverD. Whoever-will Jenny return to China?-In three days.A. How often B. How soonC. How long D. How far- Do you know Grandma is going to visit us?-Next Saturday. She told me on the phone.A. whereB. whyC. whenD. whether-can you get to the airport?-In about 30 minutes. I'm on the way.A. How soonB. How longC. How muchD. How often【答案】ADBAC ABCA链接中考：（2022 宿迁中考）4.clever girl Kitty is! She can come up with some creative ways to finish the project.A. WhatB. How aC. HowD. What a【答案】D【解析】句意：基蒂是一个多么聪明的女孩啊！她可以想出一些有创意的方法来完成这个工程。考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是单数可数名词girL符合结构“What+a/an+adj+单数名词+主 谓!应选D。（2022 扬州中考）5. 一Tell me, Grandma.is your favourite person in the whole wide world?That's easy! Ifs you!A. WhatB. WhoC. HowD. Whom【答案】B【解析】句意：爷爷，告诉我，全世界你最喜欢的人是谁？ 这很简单。是你！考查特殊疑问词。What什么；Who谁；How怎样；Whom谁。根据you”可知上文询问人，且 疑问词在句中作主语，用疑问代词Who。应选B。（2022 连云港中考）10.do you play volleyball, Amy?一Three days a week.A. How longB. How soon C. How oftenD. How much【答案】c【解析】考查特殊疑问词的辨析。根据句子的回答可知询问的是事情发生的频率，所以选择How often,表示“多久一次” o（2022 无锡中考）2. _did the online concert begin?You didn't miss anything. It has just begun.A. WhenB. WhereC. WhatD. Why【答案】A【解析】考查特殊疑问词辨析。这里问的是“在线音乐会什么时候开始的？ ”（2022 泰州中考）6. 一 is China Tiangong space station from us?一About 400 kilometers above the earth.A. How muchB. How oftenC. How farD. How long【答案】c【解析】句意：中国天宫空间站离我们有多远？ 距地球约400公里。考查特殊疑问词。How much多少；How often多久一次；How far多远；How long多长。根据“About400 kilometers above the earth.”可知问的是距离，应选 Co