辽宁省大连市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷(含答案).docx

辽宁省大连市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷学校：姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读理解You can make a difference to the life of others by signing up to be a volunteer.Volunteer OpportunitiesPortugalTeach natives conversational skills with varying English abilities in classrooms, offices, and community centers. Help choose assignments in public elementary and secondary schools, or with young adults in technical or trade schools.PeruVolunteers with a medical background can choose to spend their time working at medical centers. Others can spend their time practicing conversational English with local students. TanzaniaSupport a community's quest for development through food and nutrition, health and education projects. Work in the greenhouse nurturing seedlings（幼苗）for seasonal plantings.NepalTeach business management, help repair living and learning spaces, provide support and training for disadvantaged women, and nurture poor children.CubaBuild bridges of friendship through conversational English classes. Work alongside local women sewing and knitting baby clothes, aprons, crafts, etc, which are sold to benefit the women's cooperative interests.About Global VolunteersEstablished in 1984 by Bud Phibrook and Michele Gran, Global Volunteers is an international nonprofit organization assisting worldwide community development programs by organizing short-term volunteers on local work programs, as well as providing project funding and child sponsorships. Since 1984, Global Volunteers has helped partner communities deliver most of these services to local people worldwide, and been trusted by more than 34,000 volunteers.1 > If you major in medicine, which country will you most probably choose to be a volunteer? A. Tanzania. B. Nepal.C. Peru.D. Cuba.2、What service do all the listed countries have in common?A. Teaching conversational English. B. Caring for at-risk children.参考答案I、答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据 Peru 段落下的“Volunteers with a medical background can choose to spend their time working at medical centers.（有医疗背景的志愿者可以选择在医 疗中心工作）”可知，医学专业的人最有可能在秘鲁做志愿者。故选Co 2、答案：D解析：细节理解题，根据 Portugal 段落下的“Teach natives conversational skills with varying English abilities in classrooms, offices, and community centers.（在教室、办公室和 社区中心教授本地人各种英语能力的会话技能）”;Peru段落下的“Others can spend their time practicing conversational English with local students.（其他人可 以花时间和当地学生 练习英语会话）”;Tanzania 段落下的“Support a community's quest for development through food and nutrition, health and education projects.（通过食品和营养、健康和教育项目支持 社区寻求发展）"；Nepal 段落下的“Teach business management, help repair living and learning spaces, provide support and training for disadvantaged women, and nurture poor children4教授企业管理，帮助修复生活和学习空间，为弱势妇女及贫困儿童提供支持和培 训厂;Cuba 段落下的“Build bridges of friendship through conversational English classes.（IB 过英语会话课架起友谊的桥梁）''可知，这些国家志愿服务的共同点是都提供教育支持。 故选D。3、答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Global Volunteers is an international nonprofit organization assisting worldwide community development programs by organizing shortterm volunteers on local work programs（全球志愿者组织是一个国际性的非营利组织，通 过为当地的工作项目组织短期志愿者来协助全球社区发展计划）''可知，全球志愿者组织 有助于全球社区的发展。故选B。4、答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句"After his left leg was blown off, Fahim went to the hospital to seek treatment.（在他的左腿被炸掉后,Fahim去医院寻求治疗）”可知,Fahim 去医院是为了治疗。故选D。5、答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段Cairo所说的话"I was a teenager in Italy when I saw aman doing something that seemed so simple and so helpful: helping people to walk. That moment left a strong impression on me. I eventually left my training as a lawyer behind to choose medicine.（那时我还是一个十几岁的少年，当时在意大利我看到一个男人在做一件 看似简单又很有帮助的事情：帮助人们走路。那一刻给我留下了深刻的印象。我最终 放弃了律师的培训，选择了医学）”可知,Cairo选择从医是受到助人为乐精神的影响。故 选B。6、答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段Cairo所说的话"My final goal is to let each patient go back to society and live with dignity（我的最终目标是让每个患者重返社会,过上有尊严的 生活）”可知,Cairo的终极目标是带给患者尊严。故选Do7、答案：B解析：文章出处题。根据文章第一段"Fahim was only 11 years old when he first met Alberto Cairo in 1993 in a hospital in Kabul, the Afghan capital.（1993 年,Fahim 在阿富汗首 都喀布尔的一家医院第一次见到Alberto Cairo时只有11岁）"结合文章内容可知，本文主 要讲述了 Cairo从医的经历及人生目标，因而文章最可能出现在报纸的“人物”板块。故 选Bo8、答案：A解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段的"this shared hobby brings them together（共同的爱好让 他们走到一起广while意为“尽管"，可知向子表示”虽然共同的爱好让他们走到一起，但这 也是争论的来源"，因此划线词"contention"的意思是"争论"，即Disagreement,结合选项 A.Disagreement.分歧;B.Satisfaction.满足;C.Inspiration.灵感;D.Information.信息。故选 Ao9、答案：C解析：推理判断题。通读全文,尤其是第二段"How Joe and Mandy each叩proach their travel plans is just one example of the many ways in which men and women differ. Yet, is what goes on inside our minds and bodies really so different Furthermore, are we born that way?（乔和曼迪如何处理他们的旅行计划只是男人和女人在许多方面不同的一个例子。 然而，我们的大脑和身体内部发生的事情真的如此不同吗?此外，我们是天生如此吗?） "可 知,本文主要论述的是男人和女人在行为模式上不同的原因，即What causes the sex difference,故选 Co10、答案：c解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的"On the other side of the fence sat those who believed that male and female brains are actually wired differently.（另方面,那些反对此观点的人 认为男性和女性的大脑实际上是不同的。）¥These preferences were clearly not the result of parental influence.（这些偏好显然不是父母影响的结果。可知，关于猴子的研究 证明了男人和女人是天生不同的。故选C。11、答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的"there exists a biological contribution. The question that now needs answering is to what extent biology affects the choices we make and the way other people treat us.（它也有生物学方面的影响。现在需要回答的问题是,生物学在多大 程度上影响了我们的选择以及别人对待我们的方式。）”可知，作者可能同意的关于性别 差异的观点是生物学造成了这种差异。故选A。12、答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的"But it should be reconsidered because trees only hold onto carbon dioxide as long as they're alive. Once they die, trees decay （腐烂）and release that CO2 back.（但这应该重新考虑，因为树木只有在活着的时候才能吸收二氧化碳。树木 一旦死亡，就会腐烂并释放出二氧化碳。）"可知，我们应该重新考虑树木对气候变化的影 响因为死树会释放二氧化碳。故选B。13、答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的"High levels of this gas are increasing temperatures, which directly speeds tree growth in those areas, he added.（他补充说,高浓度的这种气体使 气温升高,直接加速了这些地区的树木生长。）”可知，树木比以往任何时候都生长得更快 的直接原因是气温上升。故选A。14、答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的"By measuring tree rings' widths, one can tell how fast trees grew, while counting rings provides information on tree ages and allows making inferences about trees' maximum lifespan（通过测量树木年轮的宽度，人们可以知道树木的 生长速度，而计算年轮可以提供树木年龄的信息，并可以推断树木的最大寿命。）”可 知,Brienen和他的同事通过测量树木年轮的宽度来判断树木的生长速度。故选A。15、答案:C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的"We must understand that the only solution to bringing down CO2 levels is to stop releasing it into the atmosphere（我们必须明 白,降低二 氧化碳水平的唯一办法是停止将其释放到大气中。）”可知，根据Brienen的观点，降低二 氧化碳水平的有效方法是禁止释放二氧化碳。故选C。16、答案：-GECDA解析：推理判断题。下文小标题"Observe your emotional reactions.（观察你的情绪反 应）"和“Develop a way to express your emotions.（发展一种表达情感的方式）”可知，文章在 向读者介绍处理情绪的几种方法，G项"Have you thought of learning to control your emotions?（你有没有想过要学会控制自己的情绪?）”引出下文讲处理情绪的方法。故选 Go推理判断题。根据前文"The first step in dealing with your emotions is to recognize your current feelings.（处理情绪的第一步是认清自己当前的情绪）”可知，处理情绪前你要对自 己的情绪充分了解,E 项"Remember you can't manage what you don't know.（记住，你不能管 理你不知道的事情）"在句意上承接了上一句。故选E。推理判断题。根据前文"You can sit for a few minutes each day and just observe how you feel.（你可以每天坐几分钟，观察你的感受）"和后文"However, learning to be with yourself without distractions is an essential part of meaningful self-development.（然而，学会不受干扰 地与自己相处是有意义的自我发展的重要组成部分）“可知，前文建议读者坐几分钟观察 自己的感受，后文讲这种方式的好处，设空处与后文存在转折关系,C项"This can feel incredibly uncomfortable at first.（一开始，这会让人感觉非常不舒服）”承接前文说明“坐几 分钟观察自己感受”的这种方式会让人不舒服，连接下文转折讲它的好处。故选Co推理判断题。根据后文"You can try art, music and sports.（你可以尝试艺术、音乐和体 育）"可知，这些都是发泄情绪的方式，承接了 D项”There are so many ways to let out your emotions.（有很多方法可以发泄你的情绪）"。故选D。推理判断题。根据后文"In this case, the only left option is to find a therapist（在这种情况 卜，唯一剩下的选择就是找一位治疗师）”可知，本段讲的方法是找治疗师,A项"Work witha licensed therapist.（与有执照的治疗师合作）”适合作为本段小标题。故选A。17、答案：B解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.build修建;B.break打破;C.adjust调整;D.expand扩 大。句意：但有些是我们要打破的。根据最后一段的“ short of knowing how to break the thinking boundaries"可知，此处是说有的界线是我们要打破的"，故选B。18、答案：C解析：考查名词及语境理解。A,driveway车道；B.crosswalk人行横道；C.sidewalk人 行道；D.bikeway自行车专用道路。句意：一天，晚饭后,我在人行道上散步。由后面的 "Use the sidewalk"可知，作者认为人行道是安全的，因此是在人行道上散步，故选C。19、答案：A解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.swung摇晃；B.hid躲藏；C.rolled滚；D.bent弯曲。句 意：他挥舞着一根细棍,一直扮演着美猴王的角色。由后文的"acted as the Monkey King” 可知,儿子挥舞着一根细棍，一直扮演着美猴王的角色，故选A。20、答案：A解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.contrasting对比；B.combining结合；C.comparing比 较；D.corresponding对应。句意：红砖铺成的人行道与沥青铺成的自行车道形成了鲜 明的对比,形成了清晰的边界。由"redbricks"和"thepitch（沥青）-paved"可知，红砖铺成的 人行道与沥青铺成的自行车道形成了鲜明的对比，故选Ao21、答案：B解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.sign标志;B.boundary界线；C figure数字；D.pattern 模式。句意：红砖铺成的人行道与沥青铺成的自行车道形成了鲜明的对比，形成了清晰 的界线。由上文的"red bricks"和"the pitch（沥青）-paved bikeway"可知,红石专铺成的人行道 与沥青铺成的自行车道形成了鲜明的对比，形成了清晰的界线，故选B。22、答案：D解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.threatened威胁；B.urged教促；C.inspired激励； D.reminded提醒。句意：”在人行道上走。这很安全"，我经常提醒儿子。"Use the sidewalk. It's safe”是作者对儿子的提醒，故选D。23、答案：D解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.laid放置；B.put放；C.sank下沉；D.landed着陆。句 意：突然，一片枫叶被吹掉了，静静地落在两步远的自行车道上。根据上句"Suddenly a maple leaf was blown of"以及由"on the bikeway"可知，枫叶是落在自行车道上，因此空格 处是“着陆"，故选D。24、答案：B解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.convinced确信的；B.absorbed全神贯注的；C.controlled控制的；D.trapped被困的。句意：涛涛全神贯注地看着枫叶。由后文的 "He stopped, bent down and tried to fetch it"可知，他全神贯注地看着枫叶，故选B。25、答案：C解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。A.brokeup分手；B.picked up捡起；C.reached out伸 出；D.sent out发送。句意：他伸出细棍，又试了一次，但还是失败了。由空后"his stick" 可知,他伸出细棍去够枫叶，故选Co26、答案：A解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.annoyed生气的；B.satisfied满意的；C.delighted高 兴的；D.concerned担忧的。句意：他有点生气,站起来，向前走了一步,但没有越过边 界。由上文的"still failed”可知，他又一次失败了，因此会感到生气，故选A。27、答案：A解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.progress进展；B.vision构想；C.observation观察； Dfndings发现。句意：我就在他身边，非常担心他的进一步进展。作者非常担心儿子 够枫叶的进一步进展，故选Ao28、答案：C解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.repeatedly反复地；B.accidentally意外地；C.heavily沉 重地；D.carefully仔细地。句意：最后，他站了起来，重重地扔掉棍子，跨过边界,直接捡 起了那片叶子。由上文的”A bit”可知，他生气了,所以重重地扔掉棍子，故选C。29、答案：C解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.bitter苦的；B.embarrassing令人尴尬的；C.sweet甜 美的；D.curious好奇的。句意：我看到他脸上露出甜美的微笑!由上文的“picked up the leaf"可知,作者儿子捡起了枫叶，因此会觉得高兴，自然会露出甜美的微笑，故选C。30、答案：B解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.start开始；B.restrict限制；C.close关闭；D.operate操 作。句意：很多时候，我们把自己的思维限制在一个边界内,找不到一个好的解决方案： 很多时候，我们手里握着现有的工具，却从不考虑它们是否仍然有用。由后文的"within a boundary"可知，我们把自己的思维限制在一个边界内，故选B。31、答案：D解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.facilities设施；B.materials材料；C.weapons武器； D.tools工具。句意：很多时候，我们把自己的思维限制在一个边界内，找不到一个好的 解决方案：很多时候，我们手里握着现有的工具，却从不考虑它们是否仍然有用。由下句 "at hand, never thinking about whether they are still useful"可知,我们手里握着现有的工具, 却从不考虑它们是否仍然有用，因此空格处是工具”，故选D。32、答案：whichintentioninabandonedandhave participatedare sortedto make it harmoniously解析：考查定语从句关系词。句意：被认为对当地环境造成极大破坏的废塑料瓶，以 售价0.5元出售，目的是提高人们对西藏污染问题的认识。分析句子结构可知，设空处引 导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Waste plastic bottles,指物，在从句中作主语,因而用关系代 词which引导。故填whicho考查名词。句意：被认为对当地环境造成极大破坏的废塑料瓶,以售价0.5元出售，目 的是提高人们对西藏污染问题的认识。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入名词作宾 语,with the intention of表示“为了；怀着的意图“，符合句意。故填intention。考查介词。句意：根据搜狐网站的数据,2019年，约有4000万游客到访了西藏,导致约 3.6亿个塑料瓶被遗弃在树林、山崖和河流中。短语in consequence表示“导致结果”，符合句意，设空处缺少介词in。故填in。考查非谓语动词。句意：根据搜狐网站的数据,2019年，约有4000万游客到访了西藏, 导致约3.6亿个塑料瓶被遗弃在树林、山崖和河流中。本句中使用了 leave+宾语+宾补 的结构,abandon与bottles之间是被动关系，因而用过去分词形式。故填abandonedo 考查连词。句意：白色污染对脆弱的生态系统造成严重威胁，并导致耗牛等本地动物 的死亡。分析句子结构可知,句中的"the delicate ecosystem”与"the death of local animals 是并列成分,因而需用连词and连接。故填ando考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，来自各行各业的5000多名不同年龄段的志愿者 参加了反白色污染运动。分析句子结构可知，设空处缺少句子的谓语,主语为volunteers, 根据"Over the past few years”可知，本句时态为现在完成时。故填have participatedo 考查语态和时态。句意：然后这些瓶子按颜色分类，运到内陆制造原材料。分析句子 结构可知，设空处缺少句子的谓语，动词sort与主语bottles之间是动宾关系，因此需用被 动语态，根据上下文可知时态为一般现在时,主语为复数。故填are sortedo考查非谓语动词。句意：然后这些瓶子按颜色分类，运到内陆制造原材料。分析句子 结构可知，设空处需填入不定式作目的状语。故填to makeo考查it用法。句意：这确实是一件有意义的事情，有助于人类与自然的和谐共处。本 句中的“to coexist”为make的真正宾语,设空处需填入it作形式宾语。故填ito 考查副词。句意：这确实是一件有意义的事情，有助于人类与自然的和谐共处。设空 处修饰动词coexist,需用副词形式。故填harmoniouslyo33、答案:Dear Eric,Recently our Student Union has launched an initiative called "30-Day Challenge". It aims to help us students spot our weaknesses and improve ourselves so that we can have a fulfilling, happy and healthy life.I would like to take the challenge, because I find myself addicted to various social media recently. I can't resist checking my phone, catching up on news and updating my profiles frequently, which has seriously affected my concentration. So I am determined to make the most of the "30-Day Challenge“ to start my social media detox. Currently, I am working on a concrete plan. Would you please offer me some suggestions?Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua 解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给好友Eric写封信，对即将参加的挑战活动 进行说明,并寻求建议。1 .词汇积累弱点； 缺点： weaknesses一shortcomings幸福的：h叩py blissful决定：be determined to一decide to 建议：suggestions一 advice2 .句式拓展简单句变复合句原句： Would you please offer me some suggestions?拓展句：I wonder if you would like to offer me some suggestions.高分句型 1 It aims to help us students spot our weaknesses and improve ourselves so that we can have a fulfilling, happy and healthy life.（运用 了 so that 引导的目的状语从句）【高分句型 2 I can't resist checking my phone, catching up on news and updating my profiles frequently, which has seriously affected my concentration.（运用 了 which 弓【导的非限制性定语从句）34、答案：I gathered my courage and knocked at his doo。As expected, his face turned purple immediately. He glared at me like a bull. nYou have your whole life to work/ he said, "but your playing days are limited. You can*t afford to waste them." I stood before him with my head down. “How much will you be paid, son?” He demanded. n$ 12,25 per hour." "Wellhe shrugged. "Is $12.25 an hour the price of a dream?”That question reminded me of what my coach used to say. Yes, dream is priceless. It*s stupid to earn pocket money at the expense of my dream. I held my head high and said firmly, “Sorry, Mr. Jarvis. I know what to do next" My coach smiled with great satisfaction. That summer I dedicated myself to baseball training. And one year later, I obtained a baseball scholarship to the University. I knew I would soon buy my mum a house. Thankfully, I made a right choice. Without Mr. Jarvis, I would never know I could afford a dream.解析：本文以人物为线索，主要讲述了作者出生在并不富裕的家庭，但他很有运动天赋， 梦想当一名运动员,高中时遇到了影响自己一生的教练Ollie Jarvis,他经常说的话是“梦 想是无价的"。高二那年的暑假，作者想去做兼职补贴家用，因而打算放弃棒球训练，却 不敢跟教练说，在母亲的鼓励下，作者决定当面跟教练说明情况。1 .段落续写：由第一段首句内容“我鼓起勇气敲响了他的门”可知,第一段可描写开门后，作者与教 练之间的对话。由第二段首句内容“这个问题让我想起了我的教练过去常说的话。”可知，第二段可 描写作者的心理变化及所做的决定。2 .续写线索:向教练坦白一教练生气并质问一恍然大悟一参加训练一获取奖学金一感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类立艮I;马上：immediately/right away致力于：dedicate oneself to/be devoted to获得：obtain/get情绪类.怒视：glare at sb./look at sb. angrily满意:with great satisfaction/ satisfactorily高分句型 lIts stupid to earn pocket money at the expense of my dream.（运用 了 It+ 形容 词+t。do句型，其中it为形式主语）高分句型2I know what to do next.（运用了 what引导的宾语从句）C. Giving training to women.D. Providing education support.3、What do we know about Global Volunteers?A. It is a community organization.B. It helps develop communities globally.C. It is targeted at material rewards.D. It mainly provides funding help.Fahim was only 11 years old when he first met Alberto Cairo in 1993 in a hospital in Kabul, the Afghan capital.At the time, Kabul was caught in a bloody civil war. After his left leg was blown off, Fahim went to the hospital to seek treatment. This is a hospital run by the International Committee of the Red Cross（ICRC）. There, he met Alberto Cairo, who arrived in Kabul in 1990.Over the next three decades, Fahim has made countless trips to the hospital. During those visits, the compassionate（有同T青心的）treatment from Cairo deeply moved him. "He is a friend of the