外研版七年级下册英语Module 7 语法知识点.docx
外研版七年级下册英语Module 7语法知识点Unit 1知识点精析1.1 was born in a small village in Shanxi Province.我出生在山西省的一个小村庄里。be bom"出生”。因为“出生”是发生在过去的事,所以be动词通常要用过去式。be动词的过去式有人称和数的变化,分别是was和were。be bom后通常跟时间 或地点状语,表示“出生在何时/何地”。出生于某日用介词on,出生于某年某月 用介词in,出生于某地常用介词in。例:I was born in Beijing.我出生于北京。My father was born on July 6th, 1974.我父亲出生于 1974 年 7 月 6 日。英语句子中出现并列的地点状语时,一般遵循先小后大的顺序,和汉语习惯相反。例:I go to Park School in Oxford,England.我在英国牛津的帕克学校上学。2. She was strict but very nice.她很严格,但是人很好。strict形容词,意为“严格的;严厉的”。例:He is very strict teacher.他是一位非常严厉的老师。辨析:be strict about 与 be strict withbe strict about后接sih.,表示对某事(工作、学习等)要求严格be strict with后 接sb.,表示对某人要求严格:Students must be strict about Iheir study and teachers must be strict with their students.学生必须对他们的学业要求严格,老师必须对他们的学生要求严格。nice形容词,意为“友好的;亲切的;令人愉快的”。例very nice of you.你真好。It's a nice day today.今天天气很好。辨析:nicey good, fine 与 wellnice形容词,常用来指表象美,表示令人愉快的、漂亮的、美味的、友好的 good形容词,常用来指内在美,表示人的品质好、东西的质量好、用途广泛 fine形容词,常用来形容人的身体、天气等情况,表示人身体健康、天气晴第1页共7页 朗等wen作形容词时,表示人身体健康;作副词时,用来修饰动词,意为“好地” 例:Nice to meet you.很高兴见到你。She is a good girl.她是一个好女孩儿。They all look fine.他们看上去都很好。I don't feel well today.我今天感觉不舒服。She speaks English well.她英语说得很好。3.She was very friendly.她非常友好。friendly形容词,意为“友好的”,其名词形式为friend。反义词unfriendly意为“不 友好的例:Mr Smith is a very friendly person.史密斯先生是一个非常友好的人。知识拓展be friendly to sb.意为“对某人友好例:Smile more and others will be friendly to you.多微笑,其他人就会对你友好了。friendly虽然以-ly结尾,但它是一个形容词。类似的形容词还有lovely(可爱的), daily(每日的),weekly(每周的),monthly(每月的),yearly(每年的)等。4.What were they like?他们是什么样子的人?“What+be动词+主语like?”句型多用于询问某人是什么样子的人,它强调 的是某人内在的性格或品质,其答语为“主语+be动词+形容词”,答语中的形容 词多是用于描述人的性格特征的词,如strict(严格的,严厉的),nice(友好的), quiet (文静的),shy (害羞的,腼腆的)等。例:-What is your pen pal like?你的笔友是什么样了的人?-She is shy.她很腼腆。知识拓展“What do/does+主语+look like?”句型多用于询问某人的外貌特征。其答语为“主语 +be动词+形容词此处的形容词多是用于描述人的外貌特征的词,如tall(高 的),short(矮的),fat(肥胖的),thin(瘦的)等。第2页共7页 例:-What does Tom look like?汤姆长什么样子?-He is tall and thin.他又高又瘦。5. He was quite difficult.他相当难管。quite副词,意为“十分;相当”,可修饰形容词、副词或动词例:It's quite cold outside today.今天外面相当冷。辨析:quite 与 veryquite可构成“quite+a(n)+形容词+名词”结构,修饰动词时放在动词之前very可构成“a+very+形容词+名词”结构;very与much合在一起可修饰动词,且 一般位于句末例:quite a lovely boy= a very lovely boy 一个很可爱的男孩儿He quite likes maths.=He likes maths very much.他很喜欢数学。difficult形容词,此处意为“难对付的例:He is difficult boy.他是一个难管的男孩儿。知识拓展difficult还可意为“难的;困难的“,同hard。反义词为easy。例:The maths problem is difficult/hard for me.这道数学题对我来说很难。It's a difficult job. But I'll try my best.这是一项艰难的工作。但是我会尽全力的。Unit 2知识点精析I was born in Quincy, a town on the east coast of America, twelve years ago.12年前我出生于昆西-美国东部海岸的一个城镇。east此处用作形容词,意为“东面的;东部的”。例:They live on the east coast.他们住在东部海岸。The east wall of the house is red.这房子的东墙是红色的。知识拓展easl还可用作名词,意为“东方;东部例:The sun rises in the easl.太阳从东方升起。coast名词,意为“海岸例:This is a town on the south coast of England.第3页共7页 这是英格兰南部海岸的一个城镇。ago副词,意为“以前”。用于一般过去时,位于一段时间之后。例:He was at his teachefs office half an hour ago.半个小时前,他在他老师的办公室里。Five years ago he was born in this town.五年前他出生在这个城镇里。1. There were lots of things to do in Quincy, with many stores, two movie theaters, football dubs and basketball teams too.在昆西有许多事情可以做,那 里有许多商店、两家电影院,还有足球俱乐部和篮球队。本句是there be句型的一般过去时。由于主语things为复数,所以be动词应用 过去式的复数形式were。例:There were many trees in the place in the past.在过去这个地方有许多树。with介词,意为“有;带有"。在此处with短语相当于句子:It has many stores, two movie theaters.表达的意义。例:China is country with long history.中国是一个历史悠久的国家。1.1 wasn't bored in Quincy.我在昆西不会感到无聊。bored形容词,意为“厌烦的;厌倦的;无聊的”。bored通常指某人对某物或某事感到厌烦,常位于be, feel, become等连系动词 之后作表语。例:I am bored with the work.我对这项匚作很厌倦。They felt bored.他们觉得很无聊。辨析:bored 与 boringbored (感到)厌烦的(感到)无聊的“,主语是人boring“令人厌烦的;令人无聊的”,主语是物或事例:To tell you the truth, I'm really bored with such boring movies.说实话,我对如此无聊的电影真的很厌烦。1.2 ur house was big and comfortable.我们的房子又大又舒服。comfortable形容词,意为“舒适的;舒服的反义词为uncomfortable意为“不第4页共7页 舒服的“。例:We all want to live a comfortable life.我们都想过一种舒适的生活。5and there was a small lake with fish in it.还有一个小湖,湖里面有鱼。fish在这里是可数名词复数形式,即单复数同形。知识拓展fish的用法:fish作可数名词,指鱼的种类或活着的鱼;其复数形式有两种,指鱼的条数时, 复数形式为fish;指不同种类的鱼时,复数形式为fishes.例:There are many fish in the river.河里有许多鱼。The stone fish is the most deadly of all fishes.石鱼是所有鱼类中毒性最强的。fish作不可数名词,指“鱼肉”。例:We often have fish for supper.我们晚饭经常吃鱼肉。fish作动词,意为“钓鱼;捕鱼”。go fishing“去钓鱼”。例:Don't fish in this lake.不要在这个湖里钓鱼。6 . It was great to play there.在那里玩耍很棒。本句的句型结构为“It+is/was+adj.+to do sth.,意为“做某事是的it在句中作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。例:It is really boring to do homework every day.每天做家庭作业真是无聊。It is kind of you to do me a favor.你能给我帮助真是太好了。知识拓展如果想要说明动词不定式的动作是谁做的,可在动词不定式前加for/ofsb.,作动 词不定式的逻辑主语,意为“(对)某人(来说)做某事是的此句型中的形容词若描述事物,即修饰说明句中的to do sth.,则介词用for;此句型中的形容词 若说明人的性格,则介词用。f。7 .This was our last home in the US and I was there for the last time in 2010.这里是我们在美国的最后的家,我最近一次在那里是在2010年。第5页共7页 本句中有两个last,第一个last是形容词,意为“最后的“;第二个last也是形容 词,意为“(星期、月份等)最近的,上一次的。例:Please turn to the last page of the book.请翻到这本书的最后一页。Did you watch the football match on TV last night?昨晚你看电视上播出的足球比赛了吗?for此处并没有实际意义,后常跟表示次数或一段时间的状语。例:For the first time felt sorry.我第一次感到后悔Unit 3知识点精析1.1 was good pupil in primary school.我在小学里是一名好学生。pupil名词,意为“学生;(尤指)小学生”。例:Many pupils go to school on new school buses now 现在很多小学生乘坐新的校 车去上学。2 .There was new film on yesterday.昨天有一部新电影上映on副词,在此处意为“上映”。例:What's on at the movie theater?电影院在上映什么片子?3 .Hero of South Africa 南非英雄hero可数名词,意为“英雄”,其复数形式是heroes。知识拓展以o结尾的名词,大部分在词尾加-s构成复数形式,只有potato(土豆),tomato(西 红柿),hero (英雄)三个词在词尾加-es构成复数形式。例:There are six potatoes in the basket.篮子里有六个土豆。How many tomatoes do you have?你有多少个西红柿?Many heroes died in the war.在战争中,许多英雄死去了。4 .He was President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.他从1994年到1999年任南非总统。from. to意为”从.到. ”,连接时间或地点时可以和between. and.换用。例:He was in London from 1945 to 1948.第6页共7页=He was in London between 1945 and 1948.从1945年到1948年他在伦敦。It's a long way from Beijing to Nanjing.=It's long way between Beijing and Nanjing.从北京到南京是很长的一段路。知识拓展表示“从始至终'的意义时,只能用from.to.;而belween.and强调空间位置时, 不能用from.lo.替换。例:They work in the field from spring to winler.他们一年四季在田地里劳作。There's a garden between the library and the post office.书馆和邮局之间有一个花园。第7页共7页