备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力训练02 数词要点精读与精练.docx

备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清（通用版）数词1。0以下的基本基数词100以上1-1011-1920-901001 one11 eleven20 twentya/one hundred;2 two12 twelve30 thirty10003 three13 thirteen40 fortya/one thousand;4 four14 fourteen50 fifty1,000,0005 five15 fifteen60 sixtya/one million;6 six16 sixteen70 seventy1,000,000,0007 seven17 seventeen80 eightya/one billion （美）8 eight18 eightteen90 ninetya/one thousand million（英）9 nine19 nineteen10 ten三数目多少的词叫基数词IL表示顺序的数次叫序数词:基本序数词的构成1st first11th eleventh20th twentieth30th thirtieth2nd second12th twelfth21st twenty-first40th fortieth3rd third13lh thirteenth22nd twenty-second50lh fiftieth4th fourth14th fourteenth23rd twenty-third60th sixtieth5th fifth15th fifteenth24th twenty-fourth70th sevenyieth6lh sixth16lh sixteenth25lh twenty-fifth80lh eightieth7th seventh17th seventeenth26lh twenty-sixth90th ninetieth8th eighth18th eighteenth27th twenty-seventh100th one hundredth9th ninth19th nineteenth28th twenty-eighty1,000th one thousangthEach year,animals are killed in this way.59 .这家商店每天接待数以百计的顾客。The store receives customers every day.60 .我爸爸今天是第三个到家的。My father is to get home today.6L他们通常晚上5:45吃晚饭。They usually eat dinner at a six in the evening.62 .对于来自中国成千上万的游客来说，这个位于亚洲东南部的小岛是一个既美妙又安全的度假地点。For tourists from China, this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful and safe place totake a holiday.63 .每年，成千上万的人聚集在纽约时代广场庆祝新年的到来。Every year in New York,people gather on Times Square to celebrate the arrival of the new year.64 .几百只动物在这场可怕的森林大火中丧生。animals were killed in this terrible forest fire.65 .林平花了 20分钟写完这篇作文。Linping finishing writing the composition.66 .我们学校的新餐厅可以容纳四百九十个学生同时就餐。The new dining hall at our school can hold students to eat at the same time.67 .每天有数百人来到这里。people come here every day.68 . 一Why are you so good at dancing? (since)I(自从三岁起就对跳舞感兴趣了)69 .这个事件发生在2020年1月12日。This event happened.70 .这块岩石长5米，宽2米。The rock is and 2 meters wide.71 .我们班有二十分之七的学生视科比为偶像。Seven of the students in our class Kobe as their idol.72 .中国人口占全世界人口的五分之一。The population of China is of the world's population.73 .打搅一下，我还需要四本杂志读。Excuse me! I need to read.74 .据报道五个月前成百上千的天津医务工作者驰援过湖北。It was reported that medical workers from Tianjin worked in Hubei Province and helped thepatients there 5 months ago.75 .每天有数百人来到这里看大熊猫。people come here to see pandas every day.76 .乡间小路的两旁有数百棵苹果树。There are apple trees on both sides of the country road.77 .沿着这条路走，在第二个十字路口向左拐，你就看见那个银行了。the road, turn left and you'll find the bank.78 .每天有成百上千的游客来洪崖洞观光。（完成译句）tourists pay a visit to Hongya Hole every day.三、短文填空1 先阅读短文，再在其后空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。I grew up in the countryside. I didn't understand what it brought to me until I became an adult. It helped me learn more practical skills than my peers （同龄人）who grew up in cities.I learned to cook at around 10 years old, The first skill I mastered was making dough （面团）.I thought it would be easy because I often saw my mom do ityou just need to m 79 water and flour （面粉），right?Not quite! It turned out to be a m 80for a while. First I made the dough too soft. Then I made it too hard.But as I kept trying, I learned the t81.Later, I cooked fried dishes and things like dumplings. I fell in love with cooking. Thanks to my cooking skill, I live better during the pandemic. Now working from home, I cook every meal instead of o 82 delivery. It saves money and I don't have to wait for delivery drivers to feed me.Besides cooking, I did a lot of farm work in my childhood. Though it was hard work, the experience taughtme things that many of my peers still don't know. For example, the part of a potato that has sprouts （新芽）can be p 83 as a seed. I once discussed this with my friends from the city. They thought it was a p 84 that they didn't have the chance to learn these things in their lives.Some might say we can learn these things from textbooks. But it can't c 85 to the joy of learning firsthand, watching plants blossom and grow. It brings a new way to look at the world. You'll v 86 everything on your plate.This may be why I'm so happy to hear that labor education will be r 87 in China. Starting with the upcoming fall semester, students in primary and middle schools will have at least one class every week to learn basic household skills like cooking and c 88 Trust me! These practical skills will help you for the rest of your life.2 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词。Do you know Mike, my best friend? Maybe you will say, "Yes, I know him very well. He is very lazy. He never works hard and isn't good 89 all the subjects.But you are wrong. It seems that he has 90 a lot since last year. He didn't use to like to study. 91 now he works very hard. In the past, he used to92 TV and play computer games very late at night. He used to get up at eight o'clock in the morning and hurry to school 93 breakfast. At school, he didn't use to listen to the teacher 94, He didn't use todo his homework. He always copied other's papers in the tests. But now he doesn't come to school 95.He gets up very early and goes to exercise. He says that he must keep 96, He walks to school afterbreakfast. At school, he often studies with a group and asks other students for help 97 he has trouble. His deskmate （同桌）usually helps him with his homework. He has made great progress this term and he 98 an "A" in a test last week.3请阅读下面这篇文章，在所给的每个空格中填入一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。During the spring term of 2020, high school students across the US studied at home. They had to 99 hours in front of their screens.Because of this, teenagers in Washington were feeling worried and not sure about their future, 100 to a survey by The Seattle Times.Almost all of the students 101 were surveyed said online learning is a challenge （挑战）.It was 102 for them to understand their lessons and find a quiet place to study.“There isn't 103 easy way to communicate with classmates and work together to solve problems, finish work, or to ask 104 J one student said.Many students said they needed to have more understanding and patience, 105 they had to deal with other work. For example, while studying at home, some students also had to look after their younger 106 or sisters or do some work to support their families.Neela, Ava, and Esteban, the students who 107 the survey, are all high school students.They think schools should understand and help solve students9 problems.After the survey, Reykdal said the government would give a help, 108, It will try to make sure thatstudents who need help will be able to enter schools so they can talk to a trusted teacher.4 根据句意及提示完成短文，使短文完整、正确。Are you the kind of person who 109（like） to move with music?It's a natural thing to do. Even littlechildren start jumping up and down when they110 music.Scientists say that animals dance, too. But their dancing is 111 （不同的）.The “dances" of animals send messages to other animals. But when people dance, they express 112 （feel） about life and love, or about their 113（经历）.Dances are good 114 you in many ways. For one thing, dancing is good for you physically. It makes your heart work and makes you 115 （呼吸）fast. It also makes you use your arms and legs. If you go 116 （dance） often, you can keep healthy.You may feel veiy tired after dancing, but you'll probably also feel relaxed and happy. This is another important point about dancing. It gives you a chance 117 （express） your feelings and feel better about yourself. If you are angry or upset about something, dancing helps those feelings go 118.参考答案LB【解析】句意：这是我第三次来敬老院做志愿者。下个月我将再来一次。考查序数词。three三（基数词）；third第三（序数词）；four四（基数词）；fourth第四（序数词）。根据"I will come for a fourth time next month.”可知，这是说话者第三次来，表示顺序要用序数词，此处即“第三”。应选 Bo2.D【解析】句意：我每周游泳三次，分别在周一下午、周四下午和周日上午。考查词义辨析。two 二；four 四；five 五；three Ho 根据“on Monday afternoon, Thursday afternoon and Sunday morning”可知一周三次。应选D。3.B【解析】句意：你的叔叔四十多岁了吗？ 是的。下个月就是他四十一岁生日了。考查基数词用法。根据答句可知是四十一岁生日，排除C； in one's加基数词的复数表示在“某人几十多岁 时”,根据此短语可知用forties。应选B。4 .C【解析】句意：一一到上学期末，他们已经记住了课本上的大局部生词。你的意思是生词的四分之 三？考查过去完成时和数词用法。根据“They had memorized most of the new words”可知问句是过去完成时，时间 状语应该是到过去一个时间为止，用bytheendof；分数的表达是分子基数词，分母序数词，如果分子大于 1,分母用复数。应选C。5 .A【解析】句意:我们班有六十名学生。其中三分之一是男孩。有多少女孩？ 四十名。考查分数的表达。One third三分之一；Two thirds三分之二；A quarter四分之一；Ahalf一半。根据"We have sixty students in our class.”及答语“Forty.”可知，这里应该是男孩占三分之一。应选A。6 .A【解析】句意：托尼的妈妈看起来年轻漂亮。很难想象她已经五十多岁了。考查数词。根据"Tony's mom looks young and beautiful. It's hard to imagine she is already in her.”可知用"in one's +逢十的基数词的复数”表示“在某人几十多岁的时候”。应选Ao.B【解析】句意：我们班有五十个学生，三分之二的人喜欢足球。考查分数的表达方法。分数的构成法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；当分子大于1,分母加s。2/3的表达 为：two thirds。应选 B。8 . B【解析】句意：昆明（的面积）比100年前扩大了 5倍左右。考查倍数表达法。表示“几倍”常用：基 数词+times,故“五倍”应表达为：five timeso应选B。9 .B【解析】句意：我们现在该怎么办，克拉克先生？ 请翻到第十二页，看第五幅画。考查数词的表达。twelfth第十二；twelve十二；five五；fifth第五。Page+基数词，表示“多少页”，故第一 空填twelve； the后接序数词，表示顺序，故第二空填fifth,应选B。10.D【解析】句意：你们有足够的学生清扫实验室吗？ 不，我认为我们还需要两位学生。考查数词的表达。another+数词=数词+more,表示“再,又”，应选D。1LC【解析】句意：据报道，派往武汉的医生中有五分之二是90后。他们为打赢疫情防控阻击战做出了自 己的努力。考查数词的用法及主谓一致。在英语中分数的表达法，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过一，分 母变复数，two fifths“五分之二二 主语是“五分之二的医生们“，是复数，be动词用are。应选C。12. D【解析】句意：200名学生去大学听了 120分钟的演讲。考查数词的表达。表示概数，用数词复数形式+of；表示确切的数量，用基数词+数词单数形式，四个选项 中排除A选项。第二空应填由连字符连接起来的单数名词作定语，应选D。13. B【解析】句意：来自中国的一位名叫李坚柔的27岁运发动在2014年冬奥会上为中国赢得了第一枚金 牌。考查复合形容词，27-years-old错误结构；27-year-old27岁的，作为复合形容词；27 year old错误结构；27 years old27岁。观察句子，这里缺少一个词作定语修饰名词player。应选B。14. C【解析】句意：三分之二的学生参加了英语演讲比赛。考查分数表达，在英语中，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于一，分母用复数形式。此题三分之 二的正确表达是two thirds。应选C。15. D【解析】句意：感谢希望工程，成千上万的孩子们得到了更好的教育和更好的生活。考查基数词的用法。根据选项中的thousand可知，此空考查thousand的用法：基数词+thousand； thousands of 表示“成千上万”。应选D。16. B【解析】句意：一年被分成12个月，三月是一年的第三个月。考查基数词与序数词。基数词表示数量，序数词表示顺序。前空指“12个月”表示数量，用基数词twelve； 后空指“第3个月”表示顺序，用序数词third。应选B。17.D【解析】句意：正方形的边长是2厘米。平面图形的面积是正方形的3倍，这个平面图形的面积是多 少？是12平方厘米。考查数词。Four square centimeters 表示 4 平方厘米；Eight square centimeters 表示 8 平方厘米；Six square centimeters 表示 6 平方厘米;Twelve square centimeters 表示 12 平方厘米。根据"The side of a square is 2cm. The area of a plane figure （平面图形）is 3 times as big as the square”可知，正方形的边长是2厘米，它的面积是 2x2=4平方厘米，平面图形的面积是这个正方形的3倍，因此平面图形的面积是4x3=12平方厘米，应选D。 18.A【解析】句意：这个城市大约有五百万人，不是吗？考查数词的表达。根据数词的语法表达形式可知，million之前有基数词时，表示具体的几百万，million不 加-s；空格前有基数词“five”,所以million不加-s。应选A。19 . C【解析】句意：有两个中国人获得了诺贝尔奖。你认识他们吗？ 对，除了莫言，屠呦呦是科 学领域的第一个获胜者。考查数词的用法。根据“Chinese people”可知，是复数，需要基数词表示数量；再者根据“the”可知，需要序 数词表示顺序，应选C。20 .C【解析】句意：据报道，每年春天有数百万只鸟飞到瀚峰湖。考查概数词的用法。million与具体的数字连用时，要用单数形式；million与of连用时，million后加s且 million前不能再加数字。million百万；millions复数；millions of数百万；million of不正确。这里表示数百 万的鸟，用millions of。应选：Co2LC【解析】句意：昨天是我的十六岁生日。我很高兴有三分之二的同学来我家给我一个惊喜。考查序数词以及分数的表达。空格一处表示“第十六岁的生日、用序数词，排除AD；表示"三分之二”用two thirds o 应选 C。22. D【解析】句意：全世界人民花了大约一年半的时间抗击新冠肺炎。考查数量的表达。根据句意和选项可知一年半的英语表达是“one and a half years”或“a year and a half，。应选Do23.B【解析】句意：由于我们当地政府的辛勤工作，我们社区的数千名居民已经接种了疫苗。考查thousand的用法。thousand“千”，thousand与具体数字连用时，通常不加复数词尾-s,也不后接介词of； 当thousand不与具体数字连用，而是表示不确定的泛指数时，那么不仅要加复数词尾S而且要后接介词of, 然后才能接名词，thousands。中数以千计的；数千”。应选B。24.A【解析】句意：大约有50。万人观看了奥运会，其中三分之二来自外国。考查基数词的用法。million"百万”，表示具体数字时，前有基数词，且million不用变复数；表示不具体数 字时,million要用复数，且和of连用,构成短语millions o俨数以百万计的”。由空前的“five”可知,此处表 示一个确定的数字，应用million。应选A。25.A【解析】句意：据报道，一个14岁叫王丽的女孩已经赢了 超过100枚奖牌。她在3岁的时候就开始学习跳舞。考查复合形容词和年龄的表达。14-year-okil4岁的；three三，基数词；14 years ok!14岁；third第三，序数 词。根据"agirl"和“at the age of”可知,第一空应用“14-year-old”作定语修饰“girl”,第二空“at the age o计 基数词”表示在几岁时.。应选A。26. B【解析】句意：伊利十岁了，他有一个八岁的妹妹。考查年龄的表达。ten-year-old十岁的，作定语，修饰名词；ten years old十岁，作表语，位于“be”动词之后; eight-year-old八岁的；eight years old八岁。根据“is”可知,第一空缺少表语,应该使用“ten years old”；根据 “an.sister”缺少定语，应该使用“eight-year-old”。应选B。27. D【解析】句意：世界上四分之三的书籍和报纸都是用英语写的。考查分数的表达。表达分数时，分子用基数词，且不能用复数，排除A、B,分母用序数词；表示“四分之三”用“three quarters”。应选 DoD【解析】句意：上个月有数百名运发动参加了运动会。考查大数表达法。hundred“百"，和具体数字连用时，应用单数形式，和。f连用时，要用复数形式，表示概 数。应选D。28. C【解析】句意：根据一项新规定，三年级以下的孩子将不再有家庭作业。考查序数词。根据"belowgrade”可知空格处要填三年级以下，应用序数词third,前面加定冠词the。应选C。 30.B【解析】句意：这个周五我会在家举办我20岁的生日派对。我希望你能来。时间过得真快啊！ 你就要20岁了。考查序数词和基数词。twentieth第二十，序数词;twenty二十，基数词。birthday party前应用序数词表示“第岁的生日派对”，结合选项，第一空应填序数词twentieth；基数词+years old表示“ 岁”，因此第二空应填 基数词twenty。应选B。31. D【解析】句意：这座塔建于数百年前。考查数量表达。hundred of为错误选项；two hundreds为错误选项；two hundred of中的二百；hundreds of上百。根据情境和“years ago”可知，应该使用“hundreds 0广，表示“上百年前”。应选D。32. D【解析】句意：外星人在几千年前来到地球并建造了一些建筑物。考查thousand的用法。thousand“千”,其前没有具体数字时后+s,并跟of,即thousands 0俨几千,成千的”, 应选D。33. B【解析】句意：我们班有六十个学生。我们五分之二是男孩。哇！你有三十六个 女孩。数字运算。two thirds三分之二；two fifths五分之二；one third三分之一；one fourth四分之一。根据“There are sixty students in our class."以及“You have thirty-six girls.”可推知，女孩占班级人数的五分之三，那么男孩 就占班级人数的五分之二。应选B。33. B【解析】句意：根据调查，我们班近五分之二的学生来学校时没有吃健康的早餐。考查分数的表达。分数的英文表达是分子使用基数词，分母使用序数词，分子大于1,分母加s,结合选项， 只有B选项two fifths“五分之二”符合题意。应选B。35. C【解析】句意：你曾经听说过全红婵，陈芋汐和张家齐吗？ 是的。他们都是著名的中国跳水 运发动。考查冠词辨析。a-； an“一”； the表特指;onD 数词。根据"they're”可知不能填表示“一”的选项,故 选C。36. B【解析】句意:瞧！数百人正在耐心排队接受核酸检测。是的。规那么使一切顺利进行。考查大数的表达。表示确切数字时，一般用“数词+hundred+可数名词的复数”结构；表示大概数字时，一般 用“hundreds。计可数名词的复数、意为“成百上千的工 空格前没有基数词，故应用“Hundreds 03。应选B。 37.C【解析】句意：俗话说：“活到老，学到老。“我爷爷70岁时开始写作，8。多岁时完成了他的小说。 考查介词辨析。at在；for后接一段时间；by到为止；in后接某年某月某季节。at age+年龄，表示“具 体的年龄，故第一空填at。inone，s+基数词的复数形式，表示“在某人几十岁时？故第二空填in,应选C。 38. B【解析】句意：还有成千上万颗比太阳更亮的恒星。考查thousand的用法。thousand“千"，当数词修饰thousand时，thousand用单数，即“数词+thousand”表示"几 千“；当thousand和of连用时，thousand用复数，即"thousands of”'成千上万的“，应选B。39.B【解析】句意：根据最近的一项调查，只有五分之二的职业母亲想要二胎。考查分数表达。根据“only。f the working mothers”可知此处是分数，分数分子用基数词，分母用序数词， 分子大于一时分母用复数。结合选项只有“two-fifths”是正确表达，意为“五分之二”。应选B。40. B【解析】句意：中国的核酸检测系统每天可以处理5200万个样本。考查数词用法。million“百万”，与具体数字连用时，通常不加s,也不后接介词of。应选B。 二、hundreds of【解析】hundreds of'数以百计的”，表示概数，故填hundreds of。41. eighth【解析】根据"the”可知,需要序数词，eighth“第八”符合句意；故填eighth。42. Wednesday ninetieth【解析】根据中英文对照分析可知，第一空表示“周三”，用“Wednesday”表示， 表示星期几，首字母须大写；第二空表示“第九十个”生日，应用序数词，即ninetieth。故填Wednesday； ninetietho 44. thousands of tourists come to【解析】根据中英提示可知，空格处表示“成千上万的游客来 "，thousands 。俨成千上万的“，后面跟复数tourists"游客”，come to do sth."来做某事”；根据“is”可知，句子陈述一般事实, 应用一般现在时，主语为复数“thousands of tourists”,谓语动词用原形come。故填thousands of tourists come tOothousands of【解析】根据中英文比照可知，英语局部缺少的是“数以千计的“，可用短语thousands of'数以千计的“，故填thousands； of。45. first place【解析】空处缺少“第一的位置“；“第一"first,常与定冠词the连用；“位置”place,被the first修饰，应用单数形式。故填first； placeoNeither Lily nor her mother is satisfied with the sofa takes up two thirds 解析根据汉语可知，本句 时态是一般现在时；表示“和都不”应用短语neithernor连接两个主语，谓语动词遵循“就近原那么”; “她妈妈"hermother； “满意”即“对满意"be satisfied with； “这个沙发"the sofa。主句的谓语动词由hermother决定，用三单形式；“占用"take up；"三分之二的9,two thirds of；从句主语是it,谓语动词用三单形式。故填 Neither Lily nor her mother is satisfied with the sofa； takes up two thirdso46. one hour and a half#one and a half hours#an hour and a half【解析】固定句型"It takes/took sb+时间+to do sth”表示“做某事花费某人多少时间”,“一个半小时”有三种表达方法one hour and a half/one and a half hours/an hour and a halfo 故填 one hour and a half/one and a half hours/an hour and a halfoto make