如何平稳渡过初高中英语衔接阶段.docx

如何平稳渡过初高中英语衔接阶段一.高中英语特点第一，教材编排系统性强高中的每个单元并不分课，教材把话题、结构、功能和任务型 活动有机地结合在一起，系统性强。第二，学习侧重听、读、写高中阶段的英语学习侧重读、写能力的培养，尤其是阅读能力 的培养，兼顾听、说能力的训练。第三、词汇量提高、掌握标准提高高中要求到达35004500个词汇，并且高中阶段对词汇的理解 与运用要求提高，同学们既要了解它在文中的意思，还要掌握它在 文章中可能出现的所有词性、意思，用法及搭配，更要求学生提高 对词汇的灵活运用能力。第四、语法由零碎语法转向系统语法。高中阶段的学习要求除了看懂更要求会应用。高中英语语法的 难点主要表达在定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、倒装句及非谓 语动词上。对重要语法的系统掌握和灵活运用能帮助学生更好地分 析、理解语言材料，使知识条理化、网络化。第五、课堂容量大，课外要注重阅读每一节课的课堂容量都很大，同学们稍微走很就有可能落掉很 多内容。在高中阶段，一定要注意课上学习时精力要集中，认真做 好课堂笔记，并且要适当增加课外阅读及一些课外习题【提示】宾语种类：(1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语)，例如：Lend me your dictionary, please. (2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补)， 例如：They elected him their monitor.宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要 有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。His father named him John.()They painted their boat white.()Let the fresh air in.()You mustn, t force him to lend his money to you.()We saw her entering the room. ()We found everything in the lab in good order.()We will soon make our city what your city is now.( )【总结】宾补可由名词、 短语和 充当。例如：【提示】带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词(如make 等+宾语+宾补)。定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下 等成分表示：Guilin is a beautiful city.()China is a developing country; America is a developed country.( There are thirty women teachers is our school. () His rapid progress in English made us surprised. () Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.()The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.()He is reading an article about how to learn English. ()The man who is speaking is our English teacher. () 状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征 的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示：Light travels most quickly.(副词及副词性词组)He has lived in the city for ten years.()He is proud to have pass6d the national college entrance examina tion.()He is in the room making a model plane.()从句）Once you begin、 you must continue.(二、高中英语学习的具体方法高一阶段，应特别注意养成以下几个新的学习习惯。1 .使用工具书（字典和语法工具书）的习惯。2 .课前预习。3 .课上集中精力听讲，自习课心无旁笃。4 .课后复习总结，整理错题。5 .晨读大声朗读。6 .坚持阅读课外书与摘抄。7 .有针对性地扩大词汇量。8、进行有效的听力训练。9、摸索、掌握高中英语解题技巧。10、练一手漂亮的英文书写。48个国际音标句子的基本结构简单句：主一系一表；主一谓一（宾）；并列句：简单句+and/ but/ while/or+简单句复合句：1个主句+1个或以上从句S + V+P （主语+连系动词+表语）我母亲是个科我母亲是个科My motherisa scientist.学家。主语谓语（系动词）表语Shelooksyoung. 她看上去很年轻。主语谓语（系动词）表语The food tastes very delicious. 这食物尝起来 很香。主语谓语（系动词）表语S + Vi （主语+不及物动词）Jcan swim.我会游泳。主语 谓语（不及物动词）Everythingchanges.万物都在变。主语谓语The plane has already arrived.飞机已经抵达。主语谓语S+Vt+O （主语+及物动词+宾语）likeEnglish. 我喜欢英语。 主语谓语（Vt） 宾语 They are reading books . 他们在看书。 主语 谓语（Vt）宾语Hebought a computer last week.他上周买了台电脑。主语 谓语（Vt）宾语S+Vt + Oi+Od（主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语）My mother boughtmea_dictionary yesterday.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语Canyougivemethe mathbook?谓语主语谓语OiOdWill you tellussomething about yourschool life?谓语主语谓语 OiOd5. S + Vt + 0 + C（主语+及物动词+宾语+补语）My mother asks me to speak English as much as possible.Wemust keepour classroomclean and tidy.主语谓语宾语宾语补足语主语谓语宾语宾语补足语1 heard her singing happily in the room just now.SV0C简单句句子类型练习答案：1-5 CCBDE 6-10EACBD 11-12DE二： 1. Our countryconsumes a large number ofplastic bags.2. The super-thin bags arethe main source of whitepollution.3. We should encourage people to return to carrying cloth bags.4. The new rule came out.5. Enviornmcntal groups welcome the new rule.6. They can stop using plastic bags.7. Shops don' t offer free plastic bags to their consumers.8. The most important thing is to solve the problem in time.1-8 BCEAB DC简单句+and/ but/ while/or+简单句He is a student, and T am a teacher.He likes football, but I like basketball.You must go early, or you will miss the bus.I am thirsty, for it is hot.英语句子的种类按句子的功能可分为4类：陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，和感叹句一：陈述句：用来陈述一件事情，或表述说话人的看法.肯定式：主语+谓语+I came here last night,我是昨晚到这儿的。1 .否认式：如果句子的谓语动词是be/have或有助动词和情态动 词，在它们之后加not构成否认式。China is a developed country. 中国不是一个兴旺国家。 We can live without air. 没有空气，我们就不能生存。 They will () go there.他们将不去那里。如果句子的谓语是行为动词，而又没有助动词或情态动词时， 在谓语动词前加助动词do(第三人称单数用does,过去式用did) 再加not构成否认式。1 want to go.1 want to go.Ue likes English.He like English.陈述句：用来陈述一件事情，或表述说话人的看法.否认式：如果句子的谓语动词是be/have或有助动词和情态动 词，在它们之后加not构成否认式。China is not a developed country. 中国不是一个兴旺国家。We can' t live without air.没有空气，我们就不能生存。They will not （won' t） go there.他们将不去那里。如果句子的谓语是行为动词，而又没有助动词或情态动词时， 在谓语动词前加助动词do（第三人称单数用does,过去式用did） 再加not构成否认式。I want to go. I don' t want to go.He likes English. He docsn' t like English.句子成分（-）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个局部叫做句子成分。 句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补 足语和同位语。主语：主语是一个句子所表达的主体，一般位于句首。During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class. （词）One-third of the students in this class are girls. （ 词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure. （）Smoking does harm to the health. （）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的 词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. （从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language, （it 作形式 主语，真正的主语为）【总结】主语可由名词、和 等表示。【提示】但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒 装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中 作谓语，一般放在主语之后。1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.He is able to swim.表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态Our teacher of English is an American.（名词）Is it your4（ 词）The weather has turned cold. （词）The speech is exciting. （词）Three times seven is twenty on （词）His job is to teach English. （）His hobby （爱好）is playing football. （词）The machine must be out of order. （短语）Time is up. The class is over. （词）The truth is that he has never been abroad （ 从句）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后 面。They went to see an exhibition （展览）yesterday.（名词） The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.（词）How many dictionaries do you have? I have five. （ 词）They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（词）He pretended not to see me. （短语）I enjoy listening to popular music. （短语）I think （that） he is fit for his office.（ 从句）