人教版高考英语知识点总结全面.docx

人教版高考英语知识点总结全面整理单项选择题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）ls The Christmas tree is made from over 340 baskets and is the latest version of an Ullapool tradition back to 2016.A . dateB . datedC . to dateD . dating答案：D解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这棵圣诞树由340多个篮子制成，是阿勒浦的一个传统的可以追溯到2016年的最新 版本。根据句子结构和意思可知，空处考查动词短语“date back to （追溯到；从开始有）”，该动词短语只 有主动形式，无被动形式，故用现在分词形式作后置定语，修饰“tradition”，相当于定语从句“which dates back to 2016n o 应选 D 项。小提示：2、The universities have expanded,more students to have the chance of higher education.A . allowingB . to allowC . allowedD . it allows答案：A解析：考查现在分词。句意：大学已经扩招，让更多的学生有机会接受高等教育。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是 have expanded,空格处用非谓语动词，前面描述的事情和allow之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词，故 选Ao3、The organization assists people based on need and gives the top to those in the most serious andimmediate danger.A . devotionB . divisionC . potentialD . priority26、Her remark was followed by an e silence.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案:embarrassed#mbarrassed解析：考查形容词。句意：她的话讲完后，接下来便是尴尬的沉默。此处缺少形容词作定语修饰名词silence,根据首 字母提示和句意“感到尴尬的”可知是形容词embarrassed,描述人的感受用ed形式的形容词，故填 embarrassed o27、Education should be a universal right and not a p.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：privilege#rivilege解析：考查名词。句意：教育应该是普遍的权利，而不是特权。此处缺少单数名词作表语，根据首字母和句意“特权” 可知是 privilege,故填 privilege。28、First of all, you must be i enough to get a related college degree.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案:intelligent#ntelligent解析：考查形容词。句意：首先，你必须足够聪明，获得相关的大学学位。be后用形容词作表语，由“get a related college degree"可知，句子表示“你必须足够聪明，获得相关的大学学位”，空格处是“聪明的”，由首字 母提示 i 可知,是 intelligent。故填 intelligent。29、 Things didn, t go on according to plan, which was quite beyond their e.答案：expectation#xpectation#expectations#xpectations解析：10 考查名词。句意：事情没有按计划进行，这出乎他们的意料。根据句意和首字母提示可知，此处应用名词 expectation期待）或其复数expectations作宾语，expectation作为希望或愿望时，既可数也不可数，beyond expectation/expectations 表示“出乎意料”,故填 expectation 或 expectations。30、The furthest distance in the world is not between life and death, but when I stand in front of you, yet youare a to your cell phone.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：addicted#ddicted解析：考查形容词。句意：世界上最遥远的距离不是生与死，而是我站在你面前，你却沉迷于手机。根据句意及首字 母提示可知，此处使用形容词addicted,作表语，短语be addicted to ”对上瘾；沉溺于”。故填addicted。31、People usually measure d in miles or kilometers.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：distance#istance解析：考查名词。句意：人们通常用英里或公里来衡量距离。空处应填名词作宾语，结合句意及首字母提示可知， distance距离，是不可数名词。故填distance。32、His first speech as president made a deep i on his audience（听众）.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：impression#mpression解析：考查名词。句意：他作为总统的第一次演讲给听众留下了深刻的印象。根据句意及首字母i的提示可知，此处应该填意为“印象”的名词，由不定冠词修饰用单数，故填impression。小提示：33、If you go to the post office, could you buy me some e and stamps?（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：envelopes#nvelopes11解析: 考查名词。句意：如果你去邮局，能给我买些信封和邮票吗？根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词envelope “信封”，与stamps并列作宾语，应用复数形式。故填envelopes。34、I' m afraid I can, t deal with such a t situation.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案:tough#ough解析：考查形容词。句意：恐怕我不能处理这么棘手的情况。根据首字母和句意可知，此处表示“棘手的”，应用形 容词tough做定语，修饰名词situation（情况）,故填tough。35、Such wonders as a space shuttle launch or astronauts walking on the Moon are i exciting andinspiring to witness.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案:incredibly#ncredibly解析：考查副词。句意：像航天飞机发射或宇航员在月球上行走这样的奇迹是令人难以置信的激动和鼓舞人心的见证。 用副词 incredibly 作状语，修饰形容词 exciting and inspiringo 故填 incrediblyo36、We need to promote an open e of ideas and information.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：exchange#xchange解析：考查名词。句意：我们需要促进思想和信息的公开交流。分析句子并结合an可知，空处应填名词的单数形式, 由句意及首字母可知，此处指信息和思想的交流。exchange “交换，交流”，符合题意。故填exchange。37、It is difficult to p what the long-term effects of the accident will have.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：predict#redict12解析: 考查动词。句意：很难预测这次事故的长期影响。结合句意和首字母提示可知，应填入动词predict构成不定 式作主语，表示“预测”。故填predict。38、 In traditional Chinese culture, dragon is the s of royal family, which stands for power and status.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：symbol#ymbol解析：考查名词。句意：在中国传统文化中，龙是皇室的象征，代表着权力和地位。根据句意“象征”和首字母提示 “s”可知，此处应填名词symbol作表语。故填symbol。39、China is a country with a r low crime rate.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案:relatively#elatively解析：考查副词。句意：中国是一个犯罪率相对较低的国家。根据句意“相对地”和首字母提示T可知，此处应 填副词relatively修饰形容词lowo故填relatively。40、Some v scenes in the film were cut when it was shown on television.答案:violent#iolent解析：考查形容词。句意：电影中的一些暴力场面在电视上播放时会被剪掉。根据单词首字母和句意“暴力的”可知, 空格处应用“violent”，意为“暴力的”，形容词词性，在句中作定语。故填violent。41、My parents lent me the money. O, I couldn't have afforded the trip.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：Otherwise#therwise13解析: 考查副词。句意：我父母借给我钱。否那么，我付不起旅费。根据单词首字母以及句意“否那么”可知应填副词otherwise,句首单词首字母要大写。故填0therwise。42、In order to live a better life, we must live in h with nature.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：harmony#armony解析：考查名词。句意：为了生活得更好，我们必须与自然和谐相处。根据介词in可知，设空处需填入名词作宾语， 由with nature及首字母提示可推知，不可数名词harmony “和谐”符合句意。故填harmony。43、 The government should take some m to protect the natural resources.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：measures#easures解析：考查名词。句意：我们应该采取一些措施来保护自然资源。take measures tod。sth.采取措施做某事。根据首 字母提示及句意，故填measures。44、A, I ate some delicious Mexican-Chinese noodles from a food truck.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：Afterwards#fterwards解析：考查副词。句意：之后，我从餐车上吃了一些美味的墨西哥中国面条。根据句型分析可知，此空应填副词，再 根据句意和首字母可知，应填afterwards,表“然后”，为副词，且放句首应大写。故填Afterwards。45、Do you know the scientist New Ton? He is absolutely e.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：extraordinary#xtraordinary 解析:14 考查形容词。句意：你知道科学家纽顿吗？他绝对是卓越非凡的。根据句意和首字母提示可知，应填入形容词 extraordinary作表语，意为“非凡的，卓越的"。故填extraordinary。书信写作（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）46、假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Peter在给你的信件中提到他对中国的风筝很感兴趣，希望能了解更多的信 息。请你给Peter回信，内容包括：风筝的介绍（历史、形状、材料等）；放风筝的感受。注意：词数100左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；Dear Peter,答案：Dear Peter,Glad to receive your letter! In response to your curiosity of the kites in China, I am writing to introduce this traditional Chinese craft.The kite, which is believed to have originated in China, is a Chinese art form that has glided through a long history. Invented in the early Warring States Period by Mozi and Luban, kites were mainly used for militarypurposes, sending useful information and spying on the situation of the enemy. Now with the use of silk, paper 15and lightweight bamboo, the kite has become a symbol of Chinese innovation and a source of inspiration of modern aircraft, its various shapes resembling real animals in most cases.Kite-flying can be great exercise. When we are flying kites, it can distract us from our troubles, help us forget the stressful environment and reconnect us to nature. If available, you might as well come to China in person, flying and enjoying it with us.解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Peter写信，给他介绍中国的风筝。词汇积累高兴的：delightedglad传统的：conventionaltraditional和相彳以：be similar toresemble亲自：personallyin person句型拓展简单句变复合句原句:Now with the use of silk, paper and lightweight bamboo, the kite has become a symbol of Chinese innovation and a source of inspiration of modern aircraft, its various shapes resembling real animals in most cases.拓展句：Now with the use of silk, paper and lightweight bamboo, the kite has become a symbol of Chinese innovation and a source of inspiration of modern aircraft, whose various shapes resemble real animals in most cases.小提示：16高分句型 lThe kite, which is believed to have originated in China, is a Chinese art form that has glided through a long history.（运用了 which引导非限制性定语从句和that弓I导的限制性定语从句）高分句型 2lnvented in the early Warring States Period by Mozi and Luban, kites were mainly used for military purposes, sending useful information and spying on the situation of the enemy.（运用 了过去分词和现在分词作 状语）、47、校英文报正在连载金中校友（alumni）吴仲华先生系列报道。吴先生的生平信息如下：吴仲华(1917-1992),工程热物理学家。他的研究为世界航空发动机技术开展和提高 我国能源利用水平做出了重大贡献。吴高中就读于金陵中学，1947年毕业于美国麻 省理工学院(MIT),任美国国家航空咨询委员会(NACA)科学家；为了回国，他辞去了 职务，于1954年绕道多国，终于与妻子返回祖国。随后的一生，吴即使遇到逆境， 仍然坚持追求真理，致力于领导祖国的科学研究事业，造福人民。1988年肝癌手术 后仍然继续工作，直到生命尽头。【注意！逐句翻译上文者零分！要求是根据材料提炼信息，给出评价！请合理组织语 言！】 现在，请你给校英文报写一篇短文投稿，评价吴仲华先生。内容包括： 总体简介； 结合材料，分析吴仲华先生的精神品质(至少2条) 号召大家学习。写作词数应为80左右； 重点内容是给出评价，逐句翻译方框内信息者零分。请合理提炼信息、组织语言； 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。A hero 一 Wu Zhonghua答案：答案：A hero - Wu17ZhonghuaThere are many scientists who have driven social development. Among them, the one I admire most is Wu Zhonghua, an engineering thermal physicist.Wu Zhonghua made significant contributions to the development of aero-engine technology. After coming back to home, Wu devoted himself to the scientific research for the benefit of the people. He continued to work until the end of his life.As far as I am concerned, this heroic deed absolutely sets a good example to young people. Under no circumstances can we put personal gains before the benefit of our country.解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。校英文报正在连载金中校友(alumni)吴仲华先生系列报道，要求考生请你给校英文 报写一篇短文投稿。词汇积累重要的：important significant研究：as for me as far as I am concerned钦佩：envyadmire研究：study research句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Among them, the one I admire most is Wu Zhonghua, an engineering thermal physicist.拓展句：Among them, the one I admire most is Wu Zhonghua, who is an engineering thermal physicist.18小提示: 高分句型 lThere are many scientists who have driven social development.（运用了 who 引导的非限制性定语 从句）高分句型 2Under no circumstances can we put personal gains before the benefit of our country.（运用 了否认 词置于句首的倒装句）48、假定你是李华，你已经完成国外某大学的网络课程学习。请你给该课程负责人写一封关于课程学习反应的 邮件，内容包括：你的评价；你的建议。注意:词数80词左右;可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。答案：Dear Sir or Madam,r m Li Hua, a student from University of Stanford. Finishing the provided online courses, I can* t wait to convey my feedback of them and offer some relevant suggestions.In general, every course I took in Stanford was impressive and insightful. The instructive professors, the friendly classmates and in most special, the discussions, all of them gave me many "moments of epiphany". However, there also exist some problems. I'd be much obliged if you could perfect the campus network and diversify the curriculum to enhance my study efficiency.Your consideration for my advice would be appreciated a great deal. Looking forward to your reply.19答案：D 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织根据需要为人们提供帮助，并对那些处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人给予优 先考虑。A. devotion 献身；B. division 分开；C. potential 潜能；D. priority 优先事项。根据后文 “those in the most serious and immediate danger"指优先考虑处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人，应用give the top priority too应选Do4、He fell over on the ground, with his teeth and hands.A . being set; to trembleB . setting; tremblingC . to set; trembledD . set; trembling答案：D解析：考查with复合结构。句意：他摔倒在地上，牙关紧闭，手颤抖着。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查with 复合结构：with+宾语+宾补，宾语teeth与动词set之间是被动关系，宾语hands与动词tremble之间是主动 关系，所以两空分别使用过去分词set表示被动和现在分词trembling表示主动。应选D。5、 One unfortunate accident in 1994 an above-the-knee amputation（截肢）of Amy Palmiero-Winters,left leg, leaving the passionate runner learning how to walk again.A . came afterB . cracked downC . resulted inD . took over答案：C解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：1994年的一次不幸事故导致Amy Palmiero-Winters的左腿膝盖以上截肢，让 这位充满激情的跑步者重新学习如何走路。A. came after紧跟；B. cracked down镇压；C. resulted in导致；D.took over 接管。由上下文 “One unfortunate accident in 1994 an above-the-knee amputation（截肢）ofYours,Li Hua解析：这是一篇应用文，要求考生给国外某大学的网络课的课程负责人写一封关于课程学习反应的邮件。词汇积累表达：express convey提供：offer- provide有：there be there exist感激的：grateful obliged提高:improve enhance句式拓展原句：You could perfect the campus network and diversify the curriculum to enhance my study efficiency. I'd be much obliged.拓展句：I'd be much obliged if you could perfect the campus network and diversify the curriculum to enhance my study efficiency.小提示：高分句型 ll'd be much obliged if you could perfect the campus network and diversify the curriculum to enhance my study efficiency, (if 引导的条件状语从句)高分句型 2Your consideration for my advice would be appreciated a great deal.(主动不如被动巧)49、为弘扬中国传统文化，你校学生会将举办一场以“经典咏流传(Everlasting Classics) 为主题的论语通读 大赛(Recitation Contest for the Analects of Confucius )，假如你是校学生会主席李华，邀请全校师生前来观20看。请你根据提示写一那么通知，内容包括, 大赛目的；大赛时间、地点（2022年3月5日下午两点，学校报告厅）大赛内容。注意：词数100左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。NOTICEStudent Union答案：NOTICEAiming to promote the traditional Chinese culture, the Student Union is to hold a Recitation Contest for the Analects of Confucius themed Everlasting Classics. As scheduled, the contest is supposed to be launched in the school lecture hall at 2pm on March 5th, 202(2) Students and teachers from our school are expected to enjoy such a grand presentation, where you will also have a chance to take part in the interactive activities. There is no doubt that all of you will benefit a lot and become more interested in Chinese culture.Your participation will surely make a difference. Sincerely hope to see you there!Student Union解析：【导语】21本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一那么通知，邀请全校师生前来观看由学生会举办的以“经典咏流传 （Everlasting Classics）"为主题的论语通读大赛（Recitation Contest for the Analects of Confucius ） o词汇积累参加:take part inparticipate in对感兴趣：become interested in一show an interest in一定:surelycertainly按计戈1J ： As scheduled As it is scheduled（2）句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Aiming to promote the traditional Chinese culture, the Student Union is to hold a Recitation Contest for the Analects of Confucius themed Everlasting Classics.拓展句：In order that the traditional Chinese culture can be promoted, the Student Union is to hold a Recitation Contest for the Analects of Confucius themed Everlasting Classics.小提示：高分句型 1 Students and teachers from our school are expected to enjoy such a grand presentation, where you will also have a chance to take part in the interactive activities.（运用了 where 引导的非限制性定语从句）高分句型 2 There is no doubt that all of you will benefit a lot and become more interested in Chinese culture.（运用了 that引导的同位语从句）50、假定你是李华，你的美国朋友George下学期将作为交换生来你校学习。最近，他在来信中表达了对中国画 的浓厚兴趣并想学中国画，想请你就“学习国画”这一主题给出建议。请你用英语回信，要点如下：介绍国画；（2）提出建议（例如：读有关中国画的书，参加中国画培训班等等）；表达祝愿。注意：词数100左右；（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。22答案：Dear George,I am delighted to hear that you have great interest in Chinese painting. I'm writing to share some tips on learning it.Chinese painting, an important part of our traditional art, is about how to express your understandings of beauty with brushes and ink. I strongly recommend that you should read the books about Chinese painting on the book list attached to my letter, through which you'll get a glimpse of this unique art. Additionally, it is a wise choice to attend some optional courses during your stay in our school. Thus you will surely acquire some basic painting techniques.Sincerely hope my suggestions will be helpful to you. Wish you have a good time while staying in China.Yours,Li Hua解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封信给美国朋友，就“学习国画”这一主题给出建议。词汇积累高兴的：delightedjoyful/enjoyable独特的：uniquedistinctive可选择的:optionalalternative获得：acquireobtain句式拓展简单句变复合句23 原句:Additionally, it is a wise choice to attend some optional courses during your stay in our school. Thus you will surely acquire some basic painting techniques.拓展句：Additionally, it is a wise choice to attend some optional courses during your stay in our school, which will make you surely acquire some basic painting techniques.小提示：高分句型 1 I strongly recommend that you should read the books about Chinese painting on the book list attached to my letter, through which you'll get a glimpse of this unique art.（运用 了 虚拟语气和介词 through+which弓I导的非限制性定语从句）高分句型 2 Additionally, it is a wise choice to attend some optional courses during your stay in our school.（运 用了不定式作主语，it是形式主语）24Amy Palmiero-Winters, left legn 可知，事故导致 Amy Palmiero-Winters 左腿膝盖以上截肢，应选 Co6、