2021年北京市中考英语试卷(附答案详解).docx

2021年北京市中考英语试卷（附答案详解）2021年北京市中考英语试卷一、单项选择题（本大题共12小题，共6.0分）1 .（2021 北京市历年真题）Mary's birthday is coming.We've decided to make a cakefor.（）.（2021北京市历年真题）Space Day of China fallsApril 24th every year.（）2 .（2021北京市历年真题）一 shall we meet for thepicnic ?-At the school gate.（）A.HowB.WhenC.WhyD.Where4.（2021 北京市历年真题）一 Sam,I join you in the community service ?Of course you can.（）5 .（2021北京市历年真题）The doctors worked for ten hours,nobody took aShelley looked at the coloring book and then looked up at me,and finally looked away.By that,【didn't know how I was going to get through to the little girl,but I knew I wouldn't give up on her.One Friday! decided to tell her a story about my childhood.1 told her that 1 felt lonely when Iwas with my classmates,and how I thought only my teachers liked me.I also told her that everyday was a battle （战役）for me and I fought back tears so people wouldn't know how much Iwas hurting.She sat there just listening,trying to decide whether I was lying or not Finally,when my storyended,there were tears in her eyes.And then she did the unthinkable.She saidJ'Thank you."From then on,Shelley was a different little girl.She started smiling and talking with other kids.Looking back at this I'm in awebecause all I did was to help her realize that she wasn't （惊叹）,alonel didnft ask her to tell her story,because her story is my story.24 .What was Shelley like when the writer first saw her?A.Cold.B.Lazy.C.Noisy.D.Slow.25 .In order to get through to Shelley,the writerA.wrote her a bookC.drew her a pictureB.made her a toyD.told her a story26.Shelley changed a lot because she realized that.A.her teachers loved herC.the writer understood her（2021北京市历年真题）B.her classmates were kindD.she had to study even hardercSchool Gardens Could Help Children Try More Vegetables It's notalways enjoyable for children to eat vegetables.But what if a garden isbuilt in the school? New research suggests that a gardening program inschools can increase children's vegetable intake （摄入量）.How the Study Was Carried OutThe study was carried out in eight schools,Each school was in the gardening program for oneschool year.Every child in grades 3- 5 received a total of eighteen 60-minute lessons across theschool year.In the program,each school built a garden,where children learned to grow their ownfresh producejike fruit and vegetables.第5页，共20页The Benefits Children Could GetThe study found that vegetable intake if the children who grew their own produce increasedgreatly across the year.Related studies show that increased vegetable intake can improve healthand cut the risk of chronic diseases.Not only are there benefits to healthjncreasing （慢性 疾病）the variety of vegetables children are exposed （接触）to may also make mealtimes mucheasier.n Children who are often exposed to a variety of vegetables are more likely to try newfoods/ explains Dr.Kerry Jones.For children,growing their own food is a powerful tool toincrease their intake of the food.27.Any opportunity to expose children to more vegetables ismeaningful. nIf children arelearning about vegetables at schooljts important to encourage this interest/1 saysJones.Parents can listen to their children about what they have learned and read thehandouts they bring home from school.Parents and children can also read bookstogether.Younger children can enjoy reading stories about vegetables with parents whooffer useful message.Older children may enjoy searching through cookbooks with parentsto find new dinner ideas to cook vegetables in a tastyway.Besides,a small planter box in asunny part at home can encourage children to understandmore about where their foodcomes from.Teaching children to grow their own produce is a great way to increase their preference forthe produce.If children are taught to enjoy vegetables early in life,they will probablycontinue eating vegetables in the long term.(1) What did children do in the gardening program ?A.They did research on new plants.B.They grew fresh produce at school.C.They took home green vegetables.D.They built gardens for their classes. (2) Which of the following would be the bestheading for Paragraph 4? A.Ideas to Encourage Children to Cook at Home.B.Ways to Expose Children to Vegetables at Home.C.Reasons Why Parents ShouldUnderstand Children. D.Suggestions Which Children Could Get from Parents.28.What can we learn from the program?A.Parent support might improve children's reading.B.School programs could develop students1 creativity.第6页，共20页C.Doing studies can prepare students for future learning.D.Hands-on experience may influence children's preference. (2021.北京市.历年真题)DNature and culture are often seen as opposite ideas.What belongs to naturecannot be the result of human activities and.on the other hand,culturaldevelopment is achieved against nature.However.this is not the only opinionon the relationship between nature and culture.Studies in the development ofhumans suggest that culture,whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort,is partof the development of the human species （物种）.Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle （斗 争）against humannature.We are born with wild natures.such as eating and behaving in a disorganized way oracting selfishly.Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures ； it is thanksto culture that the human species could learn to adapt （适应），progress and raise itself aboveand beyond other species.Over the past century and a half,however,studies in the history of human development haveshown that the formation of culture is part of the biological adaptation.Consider,forexample,hunting.It seems to be an adaptation,which allowed humans to move into new （打猎）and different areas,opening up the opportunity to change living habits.At the same time,thedevelopment of weapons （武器） is related to that adaptation-from rocks and stones to a setof hunting tools,and from hunting tools to rules relating to the proper use of weapons.Huntingalso seems to be responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities,such as balancing on onefoot.Just think of how this very simple thing is closely related to dance,a key expression ofhuman culture.lt is then clear that biological development and cultural development are closelytied.The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what's in our blood.Just as snailscarry their shell,s。do we bring along our culture.However,culture is also passed on amongpeople of the same times or among people belonging to different populations.We can learn howto make jiaozi even if we were bornfrom Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn how tospeakEnglish even if none of our family or friends speaks that language.29.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? 第7页，共20页A.Culture belongs to human nature.B.Nature teaches humans how to adapt.C.Humans are supposed to be well organized.D.Education pushes the human species to progress.3O.Why does the writer talk about hunting in Paragraph 3 ?A.To suggest some possible ways of changing living habits.B.To stress the importance of tools in humans* struggle for life.C.To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment.D.To explain why there is a need to call for the proper use of weapons.31 .The word "transmission” in Paragraph 4 probably means ”A. systemB. spreadC. startD .spirit32.What is the writer's opinion on the nature-culture relationship ? A.Culture and nature are separate yet balanced.B.Culture depends much on nature to progress.C.Nature and culture are different but connected.D.Nature follows the unwritten rules set by culture.四、任务型阅读-简答（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）33.（2021 北京市历年真题）Screen-Free Days I remember the firsttime I suggested screen-free days in our school to some of ourstudent leaders.JokinglyJ said to the group, nWhat do you thinkif we go a week without using our laptops or smartphones ? ”They laughed,and one of them said JNo way,Mr.White.They would be too much.” I couldfeel their worry,and told them that I was only considering single screen-free days.Eventhat idea left them feeling upset.According to a survey we did,most student in our schoolspend about six hours a day onscreens.Many of my students start their day by checking their smartphones! often seethem looking at their phones when getting off the bus or at parents drop-off-they cant usetheir own "screens" at school.They usually work on computers at school for at least twohours during the day.It's clear that our students spend a lot of time on screens,We do see the benefits oftechnology.However,we teachers also want to make sure that students have balancedlearning and social experiences away from theirscreens.Thats why we have come up with第8页，共20页the idea of screen-free days.During the course of the year,we have built in several screen- free days that require us tomake different plans for our students about how they willcommunicate with one anotherbreak.()A . soB. forC 上皿3. or6.(2021北京市历年真题)The teacher is glad to see that Tony is than before.()A. carefulC.most carefulB.more carefulD.the most careful7.(2021北京市历年真题)一Peter,what are you doing?-OhJ a report about national heroes.()A.will writeB.am writingC.wroteD.have written8.(2021北京 市历年真题)My parents and I trees last Sunday.()A.plantB.will plantC.are plantingD.planted9.(2021北京市历 年真题)一Lily,what do you usually do after school?I exercise with my friends.()A.doB.didC.will doD.was doingl0.(2021北京市历年真 题)Mr.Smith Chinese for two years.He's much better at itnow.()A.leamsB.was learningC.has leamedD.will learnand the world around them without "screens''.For someteachers,this means bringing backa valuable lesson plan that has been put off for some time because it is Hout of date11.Othershave designed something completely new.Fun activities,for example,card games and room escapegames,are organized （密室逃脱）at school.In these activities,students socialize without smartphones and have face-to-facecommunication without checking on “likes'' they!ve got online.These fun activities alsomake it possible for the whole grade to enjoy the company of their friends with nosmartphones.After our first screen-free day,students mentioned that they were surprised they enjoyedit.Finding ways to help our students connect with one another is important.While technology is already part of our worldjt shouldn't playsuch an important role in a learner's life.How many hours do most students in the school spend on screens every day ? Why have the teachers come up with the idea of screen-free days ? What fun activities can the students have at school ? How did the students feel after the first screen-free day ?What do you think of the idea of screen-free days ? Why do you think so? 五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共10.0 分）34.（2021北京市历年真题）题目北京是一座蕴含着丰富文化的城市，这里的建筑、戏曲、 美食、服饰、手工艺品等，都有文化的印记。假如你是华，你校英语社团正在开展线上国际交流活动， 其公众号计划做关于北京文化的系列推送，"Cultural Symbols of Beijing （北京 文化标志）”这一话题在校内收集素材。请你用英语给公众号留言，推荐一个你眼中的北京文化标志，对其作简要介绍，并说明推荐理由。提示词语：show,traditional,love,treasure,important提示问题：In your opinion,what's the cultural symbol of Beijing?Please describe it.Why do you think it can be a symbol ?第9页，共20页I'm Li Hua,from Class I, Grade 9.I hope my idea can be taken.Thanks!35.（2021北京市历年真题）题目现实中，大到自然环境和社会环境，小到个人生活和学习, 变化无处不在，面对变化，唯有积极适应，才能有所进步和收获。某英文网站正在开展以“适应变化”为主题的征文活动，假 如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你生活中的一个变化，你是如何应 对这个变化的，以及有什么收获。提示词语：help,enjoy,new,challenge,take action提示问题：*What is the change that happened in your life ?How did you deal with it?What have you learned from the experience ?There are many changes in a person's life.第10页，共20页答案和解析L【答案】B【知识点】人称代词”可知，【解析】根据语境”玛丽的生日即将到来了。我们 已经决定为制订一个蛋糕。是玛丽的生日，我们为她制订 了蛋糕，在句子中做介词for的宾语，因此用人称代词宾格 hero应选：Bo玛丽的生日即将到来了。我们已经决定为她制订了 一个蛋 糕。掌握人称代词的用法，结合语境，给出答案。2 .【答案】A【知识点】时间介词 【解析】on后接具体到某一天的时间或具体某一天的早晨、下午和晚上；at后接钟点或中午、夜间；in后加没有具体到某一天的时间（世纪、年、季节、月）或者早晨、下午和晚 上；by由。根据空后April 24th可知，表示具体某一天的早晨, 用on。应选：Ao每年的4月24日是中国的太空日。掌握时间介词的用法是解题关键。3 .【答案】D【知识点】疑问副词【解析】A表示怎么样，B表示什么时候，C表示为什么, D表示哪里。根据题干中回答可知此处询问我们将在哪里见面 进行野餐，对地点进行提问，那么应用Where。应选：D。 我们将在哪里见面进行野餐？-在学校门口。此题考查疑问副词辨析，基础题，熟悉选项的含义及用法, 再根据题干即可进行选择。4.【答案】A【知识点】情态动词A能，B必须，C应该，D需要，Of course you can,【解 析】根据问答一致原那么，答语是：所以问句里要有can能，第11页，共20页应选：Ao山姆，我能和你一起参加社区服务吗？ 你当然可以。主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对情态动词用法的掌握。5 .【答案】C【知识点】附属连词辨析【解析】A所以，B因为，C但是，D否那么，根据汉语意 思：医生们工作了十个小时，没有人休息。前后 意思相反，表示转折，but但是，表示转折，应选：Co医生们工作了十个小时，但是没有人休息。主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对常用连词词义的辨析。6 .【答案】B【知识点】形容词比拟级的修饰语【解析】根据关键词than可知，应该用形容词的比拟级 形式。应选：Bo老师很高兴看到托尼比以前更细心了。此题是考查比拟级形式，解决此类问题是掌握形容词和副 词的比拟级和最高级的变化规那么，在不同的语言环境中到达熟 练掌握的目的。7 .【答案】B【知识点】现在进行时【解析】根据"what are you doing"可知，事情正在发生， 应用现在进行时。应选：Bo-皮特，你正在做什么？-哦，我正在写一篇关于民族英雄的报道。正确辨析四个选项的时态，结合语境分析作答。8 .【答案】D【知识点】实义动词第12页，共20页【解析】last Sunday上周日，要用于一般过去时态，动词 要用过去式，plant的过去式是planted,应选：Do我父母和我上星期天植树了。主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对实义动词过去式的掌 握。9 .【答案】A【知识点】一般现在时【解析】根据问句标志词usually可知，该句应为一般现 在时，谓语为行为动词，且主语为第一人称，后接动词原形。应选：Ao-莉莉，放学后你通常做什么？-我和朋友一起锻炼身体。要求熟悉课本所学，掌握句意，结合语法知识，确定时态, 句式，辨析选项，确定答案，完成题目。10 .【答案】C【知识点】现在完成时【解析】因为句中有for two years,所以要用现在完成时， 其结构是have/has+done,A一般现在时，B过去进行时，C现 在完成时，D一般将来时。应选：Co史密斯先生学习汉语已经两年了，他现在更加擅长汉语了。考查句子时态。时态考查的题目需要先找准时间标志词， 根据时间标志词判断时态，没有标志词的可以根据翻译判断语 境，再根据时态的结构进行选择。11 .【答案】D【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态【解析】句子表述的是一般性的事实，所以用一般现在时,主语winter Olympic sports是动作enjoy的承受者，所以用被动语态，一般现在时被动语态的构成是：主语+am/is/are+动词 的过去分词。应选：D。今天，许多冬奥会工程甚至连孩子们都喜欢。第13页，共20页此题考查时态和语态.每个时态都有标志词，熟记这些标 志词是做题的关键.在没有时间状语的情况下可以根据语境来 对时态做出判断.判断语态的关键那么是观察主语是谓语动词的 执行者还是承受者。12 .【答案】C【知识点】宾语从句【解析】根据题干答句Next Thursday morning可知是提 问句应用一般将来时，再结合宾语从句的陈述句语序规那么，只 有C项语序和时态均正确。应选：Co-请你告诉我，我们什么时候去参观首都博物馆？-下周四早上。考查宾语从句，做题时一般先观察是否使用陈述语序，此 题选项都是陈述语序；结合语境可确定句子的使时态；最后根 据答句来确定最终答案.13 .【答案】【小题11 C【小题2】A【小题3】B【小题4】C【小题5 D小题6 B【小题7 A【小题8 D【知识点】记叙文(1) 】(1) C.考查名词。A.violin小提琴；B.tennis,网 球；C.photo 照片；D.chess 象棋；根据"Recently,he was trying to take a picture of a sunset”可知，最近他试图拍一张日落的照 片，目的是参加学校的摄影比赛。故答案选C。(2) A.考查动词。A.choose 选择；B.collect ；C.describe 描述；D.design 设计；前文"We hand in a roll of film,it gets developed."可知，我们上交一卷胶卷，冲洗好，从 这些照片里选出来一张参赛。故答案选A。(3) B.考查名词。A.prize 奖品；B.topic 话题；C.result 结果；D.purpose 目的；根据"and I feel most peaceful seeing a sunset.”可知，迈克感觉日落让他感到最平静，所以这次比赛 的主题是和平。故答案选B。C.考查副词。A.politely有礼貌地；B上ravely勇敢地；C.hopefully 有希望地;D.secretly (4)第1页，共20页11.（2021 北京市历年真题）Today,many winter Olympicsports even bychildren.（）A.enjoyedB.enjoyC.were enjoyedD.are enjoyedl2.（2021北京 市历年真题）一Could you please tell me?一Next Thursday morning.（）A.when we visited the Capital MuseumB.when did we visit the Capital MuseumC.when we will visit the Capital MuseumD.when will we visit the Capital Museum二、完形填空（本大题共8小题，共8.0分）（2021北京市历年真题）The Picture of Peace When Mikewas seven,he knew his dream was to be a photographer.He keptworking on it for years.Recently,he was trying to take a pictureof a sunse