2020届安徽省合肥市高三4月第二次教学质量检测英语试题（解析版）.docx

合肥市2020年高三第二次教学质量检测英语试题（考试时间：120分钟满分：150分）试卷采用闭卷、笔试形式。试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第 三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。试卷满分150分。考试时间120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和 答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座位号、准考证号、县区和科类填写在答题 卡和试卷规定的位置上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3 .回答非选择题时，必须用0. 5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位 置，写在本试卷上无效。如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、 修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对 话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.£ 19. 15.B. £ 9. 18.C. £ 9. 15.答案是CoWhat does the man ask the woman to do?A. Do some cleaning.B. Blow up the balloons.C. Throw a birthday party.1. Why did Susan cry?A. She was late for school.B. Her alarm clock broke down.C. Her friend didn，t believe her.2. What are the speakers talking about? more carbon, “ said Stephen Blake, one of the paper' s authors.Scientists collected field measurements in the Congo Basin and used a puter model to predict how elephants would affect forest structure, and carbon storage potential in the long term. The data confirmed that when elephants are present, the forest contains larger trees and higher abundances of species with high wood density. Conversely （相反地），should forest elephants go extinct, leaving those slow-growing trees struggling to pete with fast-growing species, it would result in a 7 percent loss of above-ground biomass （生物总量）.As a result, central African forests could lose up to three billion tons of carbon, potentially accelerating climate change.The sad reality is that humans are doing their best to rid the planet of elephants. "This study es at a time when forest elephants are threatened as never before, “ said Iain Douglas Hamilton, founder of Save the Elephants. "It is shocking that just as we are beginning to understand how elephants might have a key role in Africa in storing carbon, they are under real threat of extinction. " One limitation of the study, Mr. Berzaghi said, is that we do not know how much carbon has already been lost because of the elephants, decline. But it does seem certain, he added, that putting a stop to illegal hunting and restoring forest elephant populations would bring climate benefits.12. What can we infer about slow-growing trees in Paragraph 2?A. They are elephants' favorite food.B. They are easily hurt by elephants.C. They can help forests store carbon.D. They may reduce elephant populations.13. What would happen without elephants living in central African forests?A. Climate change would possibly be sped up.B. The forest structure would remain unchanged.C. The forests would lose more fast-growing trees.D. Larger trees would defeat fast-growing species. 14. What did Mr. Berzaghi suggest people do?A. Lead a low-carbon life.B. Evaluate the carbon loss.C. Stop destroying forests.D. Protect forest elephants.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Humans and Nature Live in HarmonyElephants Disappear in Parts of AfricaB. Climate Change Affects Forest StructureElephants Defend Against Climate Change【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D【解析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了最近的一项新研究发现，非洲中部森林中的大象可以促进生长缓慢的树木生长, 并增加森林的碳储存能力以延缓气候变化的速度。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的 “As the elephants thin the forest, they increase the number of slow-growing trees and the forest is capable of storing more carbonv 可知，随着大象使森林不再 那么茂盛，它们增加了生长缓慢的树木的数量，并且使森林能够储存更多的碳。因此可以推断出树木可以 帮助森林储存碳。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 Conversely, should forest elephants go extinct, leaving those slow-growing trees struggling to pete with fast-growing species, it would result in a 7 percent loss of above-ground biomass （生物总量）.As a result, central African forests could lose up to three billion tons of carbon, potentially accelerating climate change. ” 可知， 相反地， 如果森 林象灭绝，那些生长缓慢的树木就难以与快速生长的物种竞争，这将导致地表上损失7%的生物总量。非 洲中部森林可能会释放出多达30亿吨的碳，这有可能加剧气候变化。即如果没有大象生活在非洲中部森林 中，气候变化可能会加快。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的 “But it does seem certain, he added, that putting a stop to illegal hunting and restoring forest elephant populations would bring climate benefits.” 可矢口， 但他补 充说，停止非法捕猎和恢复森林象的数量似乎确实会给气候带来好处。即Mr. Berzaghi建议人们保护森林 象。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，最近的一项新研究发现，最近的一项新研究发现，非洲中部森 林中的大象可以促进生长缓慢的树木生长，并增加森林的碳储存能力以延缓气候变化的速度，因此文章的 最佳标题是“大象阻止气候变化"。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Will there be an outbreak of bird flu that threatens humans? Many experts disagree on when or whether a human pandemic （大流行病）will occur, but do say there is a chance that the viruscould mutate （变异），leading to widespread infection. 16 Here? s what you need to know to help keep yourself healthy.Stock up on food, water and household supplies. If there is a bird flu pandemic, you' 11 want to minimize your chance of catching it by staying indoors; you might even be required to stay home if the government asks that people remain in quarantine （隔离期）. You' d better stock up today on at least 2-week worth of essentials such as water, food, emergency and medical supplies.17Have an outbreak plan. It may feel odd or unfortable to talk to family members and loved ones about the worst-case pandemic scenario. But if that scenario strikes, you' 11 all be much better off if you have a plan decided on and ready. 18 Figure out how you would care for them and what your first response and responsibilities would be; this is an especially important conversation to have with those with special care needs.19 Things like keeping a balanced diet, exercising regularly and getting sufficient rest can help keep you healthy in an outbreak and also keep you from catching the mon cold. Particularly in a flu outbreak situation, it will be important to wash our hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. Be diligent about covering coughs and sneezes with tissues.Moreover, know your essential health information such as blood type, allergies, and past or current medical conditions. Make a list of that essential information for all the members of yourfamily. 20 And do make sure everyone in your household knows where to find it.A.Work out regularlytostay slim.B.Pick up the habitsofhealthy behavior.C.It is wise to keepitsomewhere safe and visible.D.It' s important toaskyourself these questions before a pandemic occurs.E.Talk with your friendsand family about how you' d respond to an epidemic.F.In that case, the bestthing you can do right now is to prepare for that possibility.G.That will help you getthrough an extended time at home if an outbreak happens.【答案】16. E 17. G18. E 19. B20. C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。许多专家对于何时或是否会发生流感大流行病持不同意见，但专家一致表示病毒有可能发生变异并导致人们广泛的感染。文章介绍了人们需要了解的保持健康的知识。【16题详解】考查段中句。根据空前 “Many experts disagree on when or whether a human pandemic （大流行病）will occur, but do say there is a chance that the virus could mutate （变异），leading to widespread infection.（许多专家对于意何时或是否会发生大流行病持不同意见，但专家一致表示病毒有可能发生变异 并导致人们广泛的感染）”和空后"Here' s what you need to know to help keep yourself healthy.（这 里是你需要了解的帮助自己保持健康的知识）”可知，F项（在这种情况下，你现在可以做的最好的事情就 是为这种可能性做准备）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项中的that possibility指的是前一句 中的“病毒有可能发生变异并导致人们广泛的感染”。故选F项。【17题详解】考查段尾句。根据空前 “You' d better stock up today on at least 2-week worth of essentials such as water, food, emergency and medical supplies.（你最好今天就储存至少两周的必需品，例如水，食 物，应急物资和医疗用品）”可知，G项（如果流感爆发，这将帮助你在家度过较长的时间）能够承接上文。 该选项中的that指的是前一句的做法。故选G项。【18题详解】考查段中句。根据空前"But if that scenario strikes, you' 11 all be much better off if you have a plan decided on and ready.（但是，如果发生这种情况,如果你已制定计划并准备就绪，那么你的处 境就会好很多）”和空后 “Figure out how you would care for them and what your first response and responsibilities would be; this is an especially important conversation to have with those with special care needs.（弄清楚你将如何照顾他们以及你的第一反应和责任是什么，这是与有特殊护理需求 的人进行的特别重要的对话）”可知，E项（与你的朋友和家人谈论你如何应对流行病）能够承接上文并且 与下文连接通顺。空格后的内容是对该选项的具体解释。故选E项。【19题详解】考查段首句。根据空后“Things like keeping a balanced diet, exercising regularly and getting sufficient rest can help keep you healthy in an outbreak and also keep you from catching the mon cold.（保持均衡饮食，规律运动和充足休息等事情可以帮助你在流感暴发中保持健康，也可以预防普通感 冒）”可知，B项（养成健康行为习惯）能够与下文连接通顺。空格后的内容是对该选项的具体举例。故选 B项。【20题详解】考查段中句。根据空前“Make a list of that essential information for all the members of your family.（列出所有家庭成员的基本信息）”和空后“And do make sure everyone in your household knows where to find it.（并确保你家中的每个人都知道在哪里可以找到它）”可知，C项（将其放置在安全可见的地方是明智的）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项中的第二个it指的是前一句的list。故选C 项。【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空格处前后的内容，然后在选 项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等，看是否有同词复现，代词的指代等。在本文中，第 1小题：F选项中的that possibility指的是前一句中的“病毒有可能发生变异并导致人们广泛的感染”； 第2小题：G选项中的that指的是前一句的做法；第5小题：C选项中的第二个it指的是前一句的list。 第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题L 5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。Anxiety is a weight that I have always carried. Once, in my first grade, I had to read a book to the whole class. With 21 , I walked up to the front slowly. I hadn, t 22 it to the second page when the tears started. I tried to 23 , but my teacher' s glare kept me rooted to the seat. Since then the front of the classroom has stayed a major 24 of stress for me.Later, I was 25 a bad situation. I was consumed with 26 whenever I prepared for a presentation. I 27 got sleepless, worrying about the quality. I simply 28 the reality until the last minute. When a teacher 29 a project, I also got nervous, but not for the same 30 as my classmates. They feared the hard work, while I was terrified of walkingto the front to 31.It was funny that one single emotion 32 a plete disaster for me. It doesn' t soundso 33 because everyone gets nervous and public speaking is the number one fear!34, social anxiety isn' t just a fear of public speaking. For someone, taking a test or making a decision to quit a group can 35 anxiety. For me, anxiety is being36 of trying new things because if I don' t know what to expect, I might make a foolof myself, which is worse than a 37 life, at least in the moment.My family? s love saved me. After accepting that this is just me, I didn, t 38.And 1 also made some friends in my class. Now, 1 raise my hand, even when 1 lack 39in my answer. And I participate in class, even if it is in a more 40 manner than others.And what matters is that I' m now improving little by little.21. A. happiness B. confusionC. unwillingness D. surprise22. A. made22. A. madeB. pushedC. countedD. got23.A.stopB.leaveC.smileD.repeat24.A.sourceB.lossC.signD.effect25.A.curious aboutB.sensitive toC.careful withD.stuck in26.A.angerB.guiltC.anxietyD.regret27.A.yetB.againC.stillD.even28.A.changedB.ignoredC.confirmedD.remembered29.A.finishedB.announcedC.financedD.cancelled30.A.feelingB.moodC.anxietyD.excitement31.A.whisperB.danceC.presentD.reply32.A.held backB.put offC.broke downD.turned out33.A.awfulB.familiarC.practicalD.natural34.A.ThereforeB.MoreoverC.HoweverD.Otherwise35.A.reduceB.causeC.handleD.remove36.A.fondB.awareC.proudD.scared37.A.boringB.successfulC.busyD.private38.A.show offB.give upC.get alongD.set out39.A.assistanceB.interestC.experienceD.confidence40.A.professionalB.aggressiveC.reservedD.consistent【答案】21. C 22. A23. B 24. A25. D26. C 27. D28.B 29. B 30. A31.C32. D 33.A34. C 35. B36.D 37. A 38. B39. D 40. C【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者面对同学时会感到焦虑，不喜欢在人群面前展示自己，但在家人的关爱下, 作者在慢慢地改变着自己。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不情愿地慢慢走到了前面。A. happiness幸福；B. confusion困惑；C. unwillingness不情愿;D. surprise吃惊。焦虑一直是“我”的负担，“我”慢慢地走向前面,这说明了 “我”的不情愿。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析 句意：我还没有读到第二页时眼泪就留下来了。A. made制作；B.pushed推；C counted 计算；D. got得到。make it to sth.“做成某事”。主句表示“还没读到第二页”。故选A。23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试图离开，但老师的目光使我无法做到。A. stop停止；B.leave离开；C. smile 微笑；D. repeat重复。老师的目光不让自己离开座位，由but表示转折可知，选择leave合乎语境。故 选Bo【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，教室的前面一直是我的主要压力来源。A. source来源；B. loss 失去；C. sign标志；D. effect影响。“我”的读书展示让自己很不适应，因此教室的前面成为压力的来 源。故选A。25题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：后来，我陷入了困境。A. curious about对好奇；B. sensitive to对敏感；C. careful with对小心；D. stuck in陷入/卡在。下文提到不管什么时候做展示“我”都会感到焦虑，因此“我”陷入了一个不好的处境。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:每当准备演讲时，我都会感到焦虑不安。A. anger愤怒；B.guilt内疚，有罪;C. anxiety焦虑；D. regret后悔。文章 主题关键词是“anxiety （焦虑）"，这是一直都困扰作者的问题。 故选Co【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我甚至无法入睡，担心演讲的质量。A. yet然而；B. again再次；C. still 仍然；D. even甚至。“我”担心做不好演讲，“甚至”都睡不着觉，看得出“我”的焦虑之重。故选D。 28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到最后一刻，我才能不管现实情况如何。A. changed改变；B. ignored忽略;C. confirmed确认；D. remembered记得。“我”的焦虑很严重，直到最后一刻才能放下，不去想现实情 况。故选B。29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当老师宣布一个计划时，我也很紧张，但和我的同学的感觉并不一样。A. finished 结束；B. announced宣布;C. financed为 提供资金；D. cancelled取消。"我"不喜欢做展示,老 师宣布展示计划，会让“我”紧张。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当老师宣布一个计划时，我也很紧张，但和我的同学的感觉并不一样。A.feeling 感觉；B. mood心情；C. anxiety焦虑；D. excitement激动。由下一句可知，同学们的害怕和“我”的 害怕是不一样的感受。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们害怕艰难的准备工作，而我却害怕走到前面来展示。A. whisper耳语；B.dance舞蹈；C.present呈现，展示；D.reply回复。走到教室前面对着同学要进行的是展示。由第6小 题的分析可知，“我”在同学面前做展示时会感到焦虑，presentation是提示词。故选C。32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：对我来说一种感受变成一场彻底的灾难，这很滑稽。A. held back忍住；B. put off推迟；C. broke down抛锚；D.turned out结果是。由上文可知，“我”的焦虑越来越严重，选择turn out表示焦虑变得严重的这个过程。故选Do33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听起来并不那么可怕，因为每个人都会感到紧张，公开演讲是每个人的头号 恐惧。A. awful可怕的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. practical实际的；D. natural自然的。由空后可知， 每个人在面对人群讲话时都会感到紧张，因此焦虑听起来并不是那么的可怕。故选A。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，社交焦虑不只是对公开演讲的恐惧。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover 此外；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则，要不然。空格前后的内容在逻辑上是转折关系。故选C。35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于某些人而言，考试或决定退出小组可能会导致焦虑。A. reduce减少；B. cause 导致；C.handle处理；D.remove去除。本句和下一句讲的是“我”和别人产生焦虑的来源不同。故选B。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，我害怕尝试新事物，因为如果我不知道会发生什么，我可能会出 丑，这至少比现在无聊的生活还糟。A. fond喜欢的；B. aware察觉到，发觉；C. proud骄傲的；D. scared 害怕的。由上文的“I was terrified of walking to the frontv可知,作者是害怕尝试新事物。故选D。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，我害怕尝试新事物，因为如果我不知道会发生什么，我可能会出 丑,这至少比现在无聊的生活还糟。A. boring无聊的；B. successful成功的；C.busy繁忙的;D. private私人的。宁可过着“无聊的”生活，也不愿意尝试新事物，boring可以与new形成对比。故选A。【38题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：家人的爱挽救了我。在接受自己是一个什么样的人之后，我没有放弃。A. show off炫耀；B. give up放弃；C. get along相处；D. set out出发。由下文的“我”参与课堂活动和交朋 友可知，“我”并没有因为自己的焦虑而放弃改变自己。故选B。39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，即使我对自己的回答缺乏信心，我也举手。A. assistance帮助；B. interest 兴趣；C. experience经验；D. confidence自信。“我” 一点点发生着改变，去克服焦虑的影响，因此即 使对自己的答案缺乏“信心”时，也敢于举起手来。故选D。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而且我参加课堂学习，即使参与的方式比别人更保守。A. professional专 业的；B. aggressive好斗的；C. reserved保守的；D. consistent 一致的。本句和上一句话是在描述 自己为改变焦虑的影响而做出的改变，即便“我”很保守地参与课堂活动，但这也是进步的表现。故选C。 【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求 索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题11考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们害怕艰难的准备工作，而我却害怕 走到前面来展示。A. whisper耳语；B. dance舞蹈；C. present呈现，展示；D. reply回复。走到教室 前面对着同学要进行的是展示。由第6小题的分析可知，“我”在同学面前做展示时会感到焦虑， presentation是提示词。故选C；小题16考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，我害怕尝试新事物，因 为如果我不知道会发生什么，我可能会出丑，这至少比现在无聊的生活还糟。A. fond喜欢的；B. aware 察觉至I，发觉；C. proud 骄傲的；D. scared 害怕的。由上文的 “I was terrified of walking to the frontv 可知，作者是害怕尝试新事物。故选D。第二节(共10小题；每小题L