UNIT6USINGLANGUAGE(备作业)2021-2022学年高一英语系列（2019必修第一册）.docx

必修第一册练习Unit 6 At one with natureUsing languageI.用适当的介词填空1. In the dark street, there wasn't a single person whom she could turn for help.2.1 don't have enough money which I can buy a beautiful dress.3. Can you tell me the reason which you didn't come to her birthday party?4. Water is a thing which man can9t live.5. The film which he played the leading role was a great success.6. The man whom I received the letter was my best friend.7. There are some occasions which one must give in.8. Tom is the boy whom I share a room.9. The house which he paid 20, 000 yuan is now worth 30, 000 yuan.10. They think calculation is a necessary skill which they base their researches.11. 完成句子1. They visited the city.他们参观了约翰丹佛出生的那个城市。1.1 will never forget the year.我永远不会忘了我们乐队成立的那一年。3. This is the iPad.这就是我花了三千元买的iPad.4. In my first chemistry class I knew the fact that this kind of colorless gasis called oxygen.在我的第一堂化学课上，我知道了这个事实：这种无色气体被称作氧气，没有它我们无法生存。5. The engineer has just come from abroad.和我父亲谈话的那位工程师刚从国外来。6. This is the ring. 这就是她花 了一千美元买的戒指。7. This is the policeman. 这正是救了我儿子的警察。8. The athletes come from Greece and Czech Republic.他要竞争的运动员来自希腊和捷克。9. There are many reasons. 人们喜欢旅游有很多 原因。10. The little girl is reading a book, . 小女孩正在读一本书，里面有很多卡通图片。III .阅读理解Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he's an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts（收银台）.The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.Among the bag makers' arguments: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.Environmentalists don't dispute（质疑）these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.1. What has Steven Stein been hired to do?A. Help increase grocery sales.B. Recycle the waste material.C. Stop things falling off trucks.D. Argue for the use of plastic bags.2. What does the word “headwinds" in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Bans on plastic bags.B. Effects of city development.C. Headaches caused by garbage.D. Plastic bags hung in trees.3. What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?A. They are quite expensive.B. Replacing them can be difficult.C. They are less strong than plastic bags.D. Producing them requires more energy.4. What is the best title for the text?A. Plastic, Paper or NeitherIndustry, Pollution and EnvironmentB. Recycle or Throw AwayGarbage Collection and Waste ControlIV .完形填空My father was born in a small town in the US. He wasn't sure what he from life, but something told him to get out and begin a（n） 2 , He took his wife and three daughters with him and went wherever the road took him.It's easy to feel lonely when you're on the road. As my mother said repeatedly, tWe made lots of new friends on our trip-most of them were mechanics （机修工）“，3 we often spent hours in 4 shops. But that wasway 5 than sitting by the roadside while waiting for the engine （发动机）to 6 when it was 40 outside.Getting on sometimes seemed impossible. There were always a lot of 7 , especially among us back-seat passengers about who had to sit in the middle. But even if it was hard, we did learn a lot about forgiveness.When we were traveling in the Philippines, we drove to Quezon City one day. It should have been a one-hour drive but was nearly three, 8 bad roads and worse traffic. “Did you put our 9 in the car? ” my father asked my mother as we arrived. "No, " she said, slowly turning toward my father. "I thought you did. " That was 10 a seven-hour car trip turned into a 16-hour car trip, which was mostly 11 in silence.On occasions like that, we had to learn to 12 our anger because we were stuck （困在）in a rolling box with the same people for the rest of the journey. Even if I sometimes felt like opening the car door and 13 one of my sisters out, I kept my feelings to myself.This is why road trips were like 14 universities to us. We earned our degrees in how to get on just by traveling in that old car.And if we were somehow given a second chance at life, we would do it all over again. Only this time, 15 would put the suitcases in the car.1. A. wanted B. gained C. received D. learnedA. adventureB. cooperationC. voyageD. businessA. untilB. sinceC. whenD. if2. A. cornerB. repairC. beautyD. coffeeA. lessB. moreC. worseD. better3. A. screamB. startC. coolD. stopA. discussionsB. argumentsC. weaknessesD. ideasA. apart fromB. according toC. regardless ofD. thanks toA. backpacksB. suitcasesC. containersD. handbagsA. whenB. becauseC. howD. where4. A. drivenB. spentC. takenD. madeA. hold on toB. give way toC. lose sight ofD. let go ofA. lettingB. leavingC. pushingD. taking5. A. localB. publicC. openD. mobileA. I myselfB. my fatherC. my motherD. my sisterV.语法填空A kind of insect gets its name for the body shape, which resembles a long stick. Such an amazing 1.(appear) helps it successfully hide from predators(捕食者)in the branches of trees. These creatures 2.(call) stick insects. Often called walking sticks, they live on every continent except Antarctica. They can be smaller than an inch or longer than 3.18-inch ruler.There are some other ways stick insects use to defend 4.(they). Some can hit attackers with their spiny legs. Others spray something in no time5.bums an attacker's eyes. And some just taste bad. The Peruvian stick insect is one of them. This stick insect is 6.(easy) to see because it has red, yellow, and black markings than others. These bright colors are a warning to predators, who know it discharges something with an unpleasant smell when7.(attack).Stick insects are mostly nocturnal, which means they are active at night, when they spend their time eating leaves. Darkness makes it harder for most predators 8.(discover) them. However, darkness doesn't protect stick insects 9. one super set of insect hunters, insect-eating bats. These bats use echolocation(回声定位)to find yummy bug dinners. And stick insects are 10.(absolute) on the menu as something these bats want to eat!参考答案I . 1. In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.1.1 don't have enough money with which I can buy a beautiful dress.3. Can you tell me the reason for which you didn't come to her birthday party?4. Water is a thing without which man can9t live.5. The film in which he played the leading role was a great success.6. The man from whom I received the letter was my best friend.7. There are some occasions on which one must give in.8. Tom is the boy with whom I share a room.9. The house for which he paid 20, 000 yuan is now worth 30, 000 yuan.10. They think calculation is a necessary skill on which they base their researches.11. 1. They visited the city where/in which John Denver was born.11.1 will never forget the year when/in which oue band started.3. This is the iPad on which I spent 3, 000 yuan.4. In my first chemistry class I knew the fact that this kind of colorless gas without which we can't live is calledoxygen.5. The engineer with whom my father is talking has just come from abroad.6. This is the ring on which she spent 1, 000 dollars.7. This is the policeman by whom my son was saved.8. The athletes against whom he will compete come from Greece and Czech Republic.9. There are many reasons why/for which people like travelling.10. The little girl is reading a book, where/in which there are many cartoons.111 .【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了几种购物袋的使用情况，塑料袋会造成环境问题，纸袋尽管 容易回收，但生产和运输需要更多的能源，环保主义者希望消费者使用耐用且可重复使用的袋子。112 .【解析】选 D。细节理解题。根据第一段中 one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags. 和第二段中 plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.可知，塑料袋生产商雇用Steven Stein是为了证明他们的产品并不像 大多数人想象的那样对地球有害，为使用塑料袋进行辩护。故选D。113 解析】选A。词义猜测题。上文介绍在许多美国大城市塑料袋被禁用，看到这种现状，塑料袋生产商雇 用Steven Stein等科学家是为了证明他们的产品并不像大多数人想象的那样对地球有害。headwinds意为“逆 风; 此处指塑料袋被禁用的现状，即Bans on plastic bags,故选A。114 解析】选 D。细节理解题。根据第四段中 However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.可知，生产耐用且能重复使用的袋子需要更多的能源，故选D。115 使用塑料袋会造成环境问题，纸袋容易回收，但生产和运输需要更多的能源，环保主义者希望消费者使 用耐用且可重复使用的袋子。对这三种方式进行了对比，Plastic, Paper or Neither既能概括全文，又能吸引 读者，最适合作为标题。故选A。IV.【文章大意】本文为哲理故事。作者的父亲喜欢冒险，经常带着家人去旅行，作者通过旅行意识到旅行 让我们学会与他人相处。1 .【解析】选A。want想要；gain获得；receive收到；learn学习。他不确定自己想从生活中得到什么，但 有件事告诉他，要走出去，开始一场冒险。根据He took his wife and three daughters with him and went wherever the road took him.他带着他的妻子和三个女儿走向路通向的地方可知，作者的父亲开始不知道自 己的生活需要什么。故选A。2 .【解析】选 Ao adventure 冒险;cooperation 合作；voyage 航行；business 生意。根据 He took his wife and three daughters with him and went wherever the road took him.他带着他的妻子和三个女儿走向路通向的地方推知开始一个冒险。故选A。3 .【解析】选B。因为我们经常在维修店里待好几个小时，所以我们在旅途中交了很多新朋友，他们中的大 多数是机修工。前后是因果关系。故选B。4 .【解析】选B。根据on our tripmost of them were mechanics可知，这里指的是修理商店。故选B。5 .【解析】选D。但那种方式比40度时坐在路边等待发动机变凉要好得多。这里前后作比较，在修理商店 比在外面40度高温时要好得多。故选D。6 .【解析】选C。但那种方式比40度时坐在路边等待发动机变凉要好得多。因为外面的气温是40度，当 然是在等待发动机变凉。故选C。7 .【解析】选Bo discussions讨论;arguments争论;weaknesses弱点；ideas主意。总是有很多争论，特别是在 我们这些后座乘客之间，关于谁必须坐在中间。故选B。8 .【解析】选D。apart from除之外；according to按照；regardless of不管；thanks to由于。本来应该开一个小时的车，但由于糟糕的道路和更糟的交通状况，几乎开了三个小时。根据It should have been a one-hour drive but was nearly three,用的时间长了，空格后叙述的是用时长的原因，所以用thanks to由于。故 选D。9 .【解析】选B。backpacks背包；suitcases手提箱；containers容器；handbags手提包。你把我们的手提箱放 进车里了吗？根据 would put the suitcases in the car.可知，这里指的是手提箱。故选B。10 .【解析】选Co因此在7个小时的车程变成了 16个小时的车程时，大部分时间都是在沉默中度过的。 前面提到由于糟糕的道路和更糟的交通状况。故选C。11 .【解析】选B。因此在7个小时的车程变成了 16个小时的车程时，大部分时间都是在沉默中度过的(spent)。 故选Bo.【解析】选D。hold on to坚持；give way to给让路;lose sight of看不见;let go of放下。在那种情况下，我们学会了放下愤怒，因为我们剩下的旅行是和同一群人待在同一个车上，我们要彼此包容。故选D。12 .【解析】选Co即使有时我想打开车门把我的一个妹妹推出去，我也把我的感受藏在心里。根据On occasions like that, we had to learn to our anger because we were stuck in a rolling box with the samepeople for the rest of the journey.可知，这次旅行在车里的时间长，并且还是不舒适的。所以作者有这样的一 个想法。故选C。13 .【解析】选D。这就是公路旅行对我们来说就像移动大学的原因。因为作者他们开车旅行，所以称为移 动的大学。故选D。14 .【解析】选A。只有这一次，我自己会把箱子放进车里。这里缺少句子的主语，根据"Did you put our inthe car? ” my father asked my mother as we arrived.可知这里是作者的感受，所以应该是作者自己想把手提箱 放进车里。故选A。V.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了竹节虫的有关情况，包括生活习性、自我保护以及天敌等。1 .【解析】appearanceo考查名词。句意：这样一个惊人的外观帮助它成功躲避开树枝上的捕食者。such a/an+力.+几 意为“如此"，故此处应用“appear”的名词形式“appearance”。故填appearance。2 .【解析】are calledo考查时态和语态。句意：这些生物被称为竹节虫。主语These creatures与call之间 存在动宾关系，生物被称为竹节虫，是被动关系，根据上一句的helps可知时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人 称复数，谓语用are+过去分词。故填are called。3 .【解析】an。考查冠词。句意：它们可以小于1英寸，也可以长于18英寸的尺子。这里是泛指，且eighteen 为元音音素开头，用不定冠词an,故填an。4 .【解析】themselves。考查反身代词。句意：竹节虫还有其他一些保护自己的方法。空格为defend的宾 语，主语是第三人称复数，保护它们自己，故用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。5 .【解析】that。考查定语从句关系词。句意：还有一些竹节虫会立即喷洒一些东西，灼伤攻击者的眼睛。 先行词为something,在从句中作主语，用that引导，故填that。6 .【解析】easier。考查形容词的比较级。句意：这种竹节虫相对于其他的种类更容易看见，因为它有红色、 黄色和黑色的斑纹。这是一个比较句型，than前面要用形容词/副词的比较级，故此处应为easy的比较级 easier（更容易）。故填 easier。7 .【解析】attackedo考查语态。句意：这些鲜艳的颜色是对捕食者的警告，因为捕食者知道它在受到攻 击吐会释放出一种难闻的气味。当它们被攻击的时候释放气体，“被攻击”用被动语态。这是when sb. /sth. be done的省略形式，主句与从句的主语一致，可以省略为when done（当被 的时候）。故填attacked。8 .【解析】to discovero考查非谓语动词。句意：黑暗使得大多数捕食者很难发现它们。discover（发现），动 词不定式结构“to+动词原形"作真正宾语,it为形式宾语，故填to discovero.【解析】from/against。考查固定搭配。句意：然而，黑暗并不能保护竹节虫不受一种超级捕食昆虫 蝙蝠的伤害。protect sb. from/against（保护某人免受 ），此处为保护竹节虫免受蝙蝠的伤害。故填from或 者 againsto9 .【解析】absolutelyo考查副词。句意：竹节虫绝对是这些蝙蝠想吃的东西！空格处为副词作状语，修 饰be动词，故此空应填“absolute”的副词形式。故填absolutely。