2021-2022学年陕西省延安市子长市高三上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版）.docx

高三2022届第一次月考英语试题注意事项:1.本试卷共10页，全卷满分150分，答题时间为120分钟；.答卷前，考生须准确填写自己的姓名、准考证号，并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号;2 .选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用05毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写，涂写要工整、清晰;3 .考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理；试题卷不回收。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .What is the man?A.A driver.B.A repairman.C.A salesman.2 .What will the weather be like next Monday?A.Fine.B.Windy.C.Rainy.3 .What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Boss and secretary.B.Roommates.C.Husband and wife.4 .What does Dave enjoy doing?AReading magazines.B.Collecting magazines.C.Learning Chinese.5 .What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.Swimming lessons.How fit are your teeth? Are you lazy about brushing them? Never fear: An inventor is on the case. An electric toothbrush senses how long and how well you brush, and it lets you track your performance on your phone.The Kolibree toothbrush was exhibited at the International Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas this week. It senses how it is moved and can send the information to an Android phone or iPhone via a Bluetooth wireless connection.The toothbrush will be able to teach you to brush right （don, t forget the insides of the teeth!） and make sure you' re brushing long enough. "It' s kind of like having a doctor actually watch your brushing on a day-to-day basis, “ says Thomas Serval, the French inventor.The toothbrush will also be able to talk to other applications（应用）on your phone, so developers could, for example, create a game controlled by your toothbrush. You could score points for beating monsters （怪物）among your teeth. "We try to make it smart but also fun, “ Serval says.Serval says he was inspired by his experience as a father. He would come home from work and ask his kids if they had brushed their teeth. They said “yes, " but Serval would find their toothbrush heads dry. He decided he needed a brush that really told him how well his children brushed.The company says the Kolibree will go on sale this summer, for $99 to $199, depending on features. The U. S. is the first target market.Serval says that one day, it' 11 be possible to replace the brush on the handle with a brushing unit that also has a camera. The camera can even examine holes in your teeth while you brush. 12.Which is one of the features of the Kolibree toothbrush?A.It can sense how users brush their teeth.B.It can track users' school performance.C.It can cause users' fear of seeing a doctor.D.It can help users find their phones.13 . What can we learn from Serval, s words in Paragraph 3?A.You will find it enjoyable to see a doctor.B.You should see your doctor on a day-to-day basis.C.You can brush with the Kolibree as if guided by a doctor.D.You' d like a doctor to watch you brush your teeth every day.14 .What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?A. How Serval found out his kids lied to him.B. Why Serval thought brushing teeth was necessary.C.How Serval taught his kids to brush their teeth.D. What inspired Serval to invent the toothbrush.15. What can we learn about the future development of the Kolibree?A.The brush handle will be removed.B. A mobile phone will be built into it.C. It will be used to fill holes in teeth.D. It will be able to check users' teeth.【答案】12.A13. C 14. D 15. D【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一种新的科技发明-智能牙刷。这款智能牙刷可以像医生一样感应出你刷牙的时长和你 是否刷的干净彻底。【12题详解】考查细节理解。由文章中第一段第二行“An electric toothbrush senses how long and how well you brush”可知 电动牙刷可以感应出你刷牙的时长和你是否刷的干净彻底。故答案选Ao【13题详解】 考查推理判断。由第三段"It's kind of like having a dentist actually watch your brushing on a day-to-day basis”可 知，有了这种牙刷，实际上真有点像医生看着你刷牙一样。故选C.【14题详解】考查主旨大意。第五段的首句即为主题句。本段主要讲了发明者亲身经历自己孩子不愿意刷牙而萌生的发 明念头。A项：如何发现孩子撒谎的；B项：为什么刷牙时必要的；C项：如何教给孩子刷牙。均不符合文 意。故答案选D.【15题详解】考查推理判断。文中最后一段：.one day,it'll be possible to replace the brush on the handle with a brushing unit that also has a camera. The camera can even examine holes in your teeth while you brush.可知I, 这种牙屈U的前景 是非常乐观的，而且还有照相机来检查你的牙洞。故答案选D。（它将会检查使用者的牙齿）第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The Goals That Guide UsWhether we're on the long trip of a mid-life career or the walk to the bedroom to finally organize that closet, it can be hard to gather up the motivation to make that first step. A thousand-mile journey starts with the first small step.16Put your goals in writing.17. Be specific and use action verbs. Let your goals have measurable outcomes. Specify completiondates. Also record what your reward will be for achieving the goal. Make a contract with yourself, and then read it each morning and night. This will help you to be more committed to your goal as each day passes.Learn what you need to learn.If information or skill is keeping you from achieving your goals, determine ways to fill in the gaps, and build this into your action plan. Be willing to study and work hard to reach your goals. 18、and ask yourself whether youare really willing and able to do what is necessary. It is better to adjust your goals or your timetable than to proceed with a plan that is unrealistic.19Find someone, a coworker or a friend, with whom you share a common goal. 20, or to quit smoking withyou, or to share healthy meals with you. A partner can help you stay committed and motivated. Look for role models, people who have already achieved the goals you seek to reach. Ask them for advice and suggestions. Find how they got to where they are, and incorporate（使并入）what you learn into your plan.A. Seek the help of othersMake a list of your toolsB. Get someone to go to the gym with youWriting down goals prevents you from leaving your goals vagueC. Make yourself feel good about the progress you've madeHere are some ways you can take to start moving toward achieving your goalsD. Think about how much time and effort will be required【答案】16.F17. D 18. G 19. A 20. C【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍3条可以帮助实现人生目标的方法。【16题详解】根据下文“Put your goals in writing."（把你的目标写下来。）和"Learn what you need to learn.”（学习你需要 学习的东西。）可知，下文介绍的是实现人生目标的一些方法。选项F"以下是你可以采取的一些方法来开 始实现你的目标”和下文意思一致。故选F。【17题详解】 根据上文“Putyourgoalsinwriting."（把你的目标写下来。）可知，这一段主要介绍把目标写下来的重要性和 做法。选项D “写下目标可以防止你的目标模糊不清”和上文意思一致。故选D。【18题详解】 根据下文 “and ask yourself whether you are really willing and able to do what is necessary. It is better to adjust your goals or your timetable than to proceed with a plan that is unrealistic. "（问问自己，你是否真的愿意并且能够做必要的事情。与其制定不切实际的计划，不如调整你的目标或时间表。）可知，这里是建议制定计划时要考 虑好需要的时间和精力。选项G “想想需要多少时间和精力”和下文意思一致。故选G。【19题详解】 根据下文“Find someone, a coworker or a friend, with whom you share a common goal."（找一个你有共同目标的人、同事或朋友。）可知，这里建议和别人一起努力实现目标。选项A “寻求他人的帮助”和下文意思一 致。故选A。【20题详解】 根据下文 “or to quit smoking with you, or to share healthy meals with you. "（或者和你一起戒烟，或者和你分享健康的食物。）可知，这里列举的是可以和别人一起做的事情。选项C “找人和你一起去健身房”和下文意思一致。故选C。第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的All my life, I have been overweight and never imagined I will start running. One night, surfing through Facebook, I 21a picture of an old school friend. Obesity （肥胖）was no 22 to him back in the day.So imagine my 23 when I saw that he had shrunk to half the size I remembered.I started my process of 24 myself the next day. I started 25 and began with walks, circling the shortest blocks I could find. In a while, my body burned and 26、and nothing excited me more than thethought of quitting. 27、I didn't give up and my walks expanded to several blocks' worth.On the fifth day, I thought I probably could run. I 28 "far" down the road, about a tenth of a mile in length. "Way too far to run, my aching body told me. 29. another voice spoke, "I can do this.,9 Myfeet 30 without a second thought. Right away, familiar 3J pulsed through them, all theway up my legs. Soon, I was breathless, and desperate for 32.1 wanted to quit. nI can do this, the33 spoke again.In the end, I came up a little short. Thirty feet or so 34 me from my goal. But when I looked back,I couldn't believe my eyes. The 35 seemed farther then, after almost crossing it all.36the thirty feet, I had almost achieved my desire to be better in less than a 37.The next morning, I was ready to take on the 38 again. While I haven*t completely39 thoughts of giving up, they're quieter now. Quieter than the voice that 40 meforward 一"I can do this.”21. A. searched22. A. stranger23. A. sorrow24. A. believing25. A. slow26. A. waked27. A. Gradually28. A. measured29. A. However30. A. came out31. A. burning32. A. help33. A. coach34. A. threw35. A. target36. A. Ignoring37. A. month38. A. game39. A. formed40. A. informed【答案】21.B22. AA 32. D 33. BB. foundB. wonderB. excitementB. denyingB. fastB. movedB. ImmediatelyB. sensedB. ThereforeB. took offB. breakingB. waterB. voiceB. interruptedB. dreamB. ConsideringB. dayB. challengeB. escapedB. persuaded23. C 24. D 25. A34. D 35. C 36. AC. figuredC. needC. surpriseC. comfortingC. rightC. achedC. FortunatelyC. walkedC. BesidesC. paid offC. emotionC. foodC. mindC. connectedC. distanceC. AchievingC. weekC. adventureC. acceptedC. forced26. C 27. C37. C 38. BD. realizedD.goodD. delightD. betteringD. normalD. trembledD. AbruptlyD. staredD. OtherwiseD. fell outD. passionD. airD. bodyD. keptD. taskD. AddingD.secondD. dutyD. trappedD. encouraged28. D 29. A 30. B 31.39. B 40. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者受朋友照片的启发，决心减肥变得美好的故事。自己逐渐 增加跑步的距离，实现了在一周内使自己变得美好的愿望，同时也启发了作者积极迎接人生新的挑战。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，我在Facebook上浏览时，发现了一张老同学的照片。A. searched搜 寻；B. found 发现；C. figured 计算出；D. realized 实现。由下文 “1 a picture of an old school friend”可知，此处是上网的过程中，偶然发现了同学的照片。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：肥胖对他来说不陌生。A. stranger陌生人；B.wonder惊奇，惊讶；C.need需要， 需求；D. good 好处。由文中 “ Obesity was no 2 to him. ” 以及“ he had shrunk to half the size I remembered.可推知，作者朋友比较胖，所以肥胖对朋友来说是不陌生的。故选A项。23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我看到他的身材缩小到我记得的一半时，我感到惊讶。A. sorrow悲 伤；B. excitement 兴奋；C. surprise 惊讶，惊奇；D. delight 喜悦。由上文提到 “Obesity（肥胖）was no 2 to him.” 以及下文 “when I saw that he had shrunk to half the size I remembered.v 可知，之前朋友是肥胖的, 他现在只有以前身材的一半，作者是感到很惊讶地。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:第二天，我开始了让自己变好的进程。A. believing相信；B. denying否认；C. comforting 安慰；D. bettering 变好。由下文 “ I started 4 and began with walks, circling the shortest blocks I could find."可知，作者开始运动减肥，开始变得更好。故选D项。25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我开始着手改善自己。我慢慢地开始，然后开始散步，骑行我能找 到的最短的街区。A. slow慢慢的；B. fast快速的；C. right正确的；D. normal正常的。由下文“【started 5 and began with walks, circling the shortest blocks I could find.” 中作者以走路,绕最短的街区，可推知是慢慢 开始的。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一阵子，我的身体燃烧和疼痛，没有什么比放弃更让我兴奋。A. waked醒来;B. moved 移动；C. ached 使疼痛；D. trembled 颤抖的。由“my body burned and 6 ” 以及下文“Way too far to rim, my aching body told me.”可推知，运动之后身体不适导致的疼痛。故选C项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我没有放弃，我的范围扩大到了几个街区。A. Gradually逐渐的；B. Immediately立亥！J,马上；C.Fortunately幸运地;D.Abruptly突然地,意外地。由下文“I didn't give up.”可 推知，作者是在感慨，还在没有放弃。所以C项符合语境，故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第五天，我想我可能会跑步。我盯着这条路，大约十分之一英里。A. measured 测量；B. sensed 察觉；C. walked 行走；D. stared 盯着看。由下文 " I 8 "far" down the road, about a tenth of a mile in length."可知，作者是看着这条自己要跑的路，大概多少的距离。故选D项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的酸痛的身体告诉我：“行进的路太远了。”但是，另一个声音说：“我可以做 到“。A. However然而；B.Therefore因此;C. Besides此外；D.Otherwise否则。根据语境可知，前后两句形 成转折。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的脚毫不犹豫地跳了起来。A. came out出现，出版；B. took off起飞，出发， 事业成功；C paid off还清，奏效；D. fell out争吵，解散。根据主语my feet可推知，作者是毫不犹豫地出 发。故选B项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：熟悉的燃烧感在双脚蔓延，一直传到我的双腿。A. burning燃烧；C.breaking打 破；使爆炸；C. emotion情感；D. passion热情。由上文“mv body burned and 6 .”可推知,是身体依旧 发热。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，我就气喘吁吁，极其渴望空气。A. help帮助；B. water水；C food食物;D.air空气。由上文“I was breathless, and desperate for 12 .”可知,作者气喘吁吁的，渴望空气，符合 语境。故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我能做到。”那个声音再次出现。A.coach教练；B. voice声音；C.mind思想；D. body身体。由上文“another voice spoke, “I can do this.""可知，此处是声音再次出现。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:30英尺左右使我无法达到目标。A. threw扔，头；B. interrupted打断；C. connected 连接；D.kept保持。由上文“In the end, I came up a little short.”可知，作者是没有完成目标的。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我回看，简直不敢相信自己的眼睛，那个距离看起来足够远，基本走完了全 程。A. target 目标；B. dream 梦想；C. distance 距离；D. task 任务。根据文中 “The 15 seemed farther then.v 可知，作者走得距离足够远。distance符合语境，故选C项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：忽略这三十英尺，我几乎实现了一周之内变好的愿望。A. Ignoring忽视；B.Considering 考虑;C. Achieving 实现；D. Adding 增加，添加。根据下文语境 uI had almost achieved my desire to be better in less than a 17 n可推知，作者说基本现实自己的愿望，可以明确是忽视这没有完成的 30英尺。故选A项。 【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：忽略这三十英尺，我儿乎实现了一周之内变好的愿望。A. month月；B.day天； C.week周；D. second秒。由上文“On the fifth day”可知，此处是在一周内发生的事情。故选C项。 【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我准备再次接受挑战。A. game游戏；B. challenge挑战；C. adventure 冒险；D. duty 责任。由文中 “I was ready to take on the 18again. ” 可知，take on the challenge 符合语境。故选B项。 【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我还没有完全逃脱放弃的念头，但是现在他们变得安静了。A. formed形成; B. escaped逃离；C.accepted接受；D.trapped被困。由文中u thoughts of giving up,可推知,作者还是有放 弃的想法。即没有逃离这样的念头。故选B项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我可以做到。”比这句鼓励我前进的声音更安静。A. informed通知；B. persuaded 劝说，说服；C. forced 强迫；D. encouraged 鼓励。由文中"the voice that 20 me forward一"I can do this."" 可知，这是鼓励作者的话。故选D项。第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese astronauts successfully carried out the country's first spacewalk outside their space station-an 41(importance) milestone in its rapidly expanding space program.The spacewalk is only the second by Chinese astronauts since the Shenzhou 7 manned mission (任务)of 2008, 42 was conducted outside a spacecraft.China launched three astronauts into space 43 June. On Sunday morning, twoof 44(they) left the core module (核心 4仓)of the space station called Tiangong. During 45 spacewalk, they tested new-generation spacesuits, fit equipment, and tested the station's robotic arm.According to the plan, there will be another spacewalk during the astronauts9 orbital flight, which, lasting three 46 (month), will be China's longest crewed mission.As part of its plans to have a fully crewed space station by December 2022, China 47 (launch) the first core module, known as Tianhe or Harmony of the Heavens, on April 29. The module is the 48 (large) spacecraft developed by China to date, with a total length of 16.6 meters and a living space of 50 cubic meters.While China is not considering foreign participation in the space station's 49 (develop)now, non-Chinese astronauts will certainly 50 (welcome) in the years to come.【答案】41. important42. which 43. in44. them 45. the46. months 47. launched48. largestdevelopment49. be welcomed【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国宇航员成功地在空间站外进行了首次太空行走和中国的太空 计划。41题详解】考查形容词。句意：中国宇航员成功地在空间站外进行了首次太空行走，这是中国迅速发展的太空计划中 的一个重要里程碑。根据句意可知，空格处在句中作定语修饰名词milestone,应用形容词形式important, 意为“重要的"。故填important。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：此次太空行走是自2008年神舟七号载人任务以来中国宇航员的第二次太空行走，神 舟七号载人任务是在航天器外进行的。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非限定性定语从句的引导词。先行词 是“the Shenzhou 7 manned mission"，指物，且该引导词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词which。故填 which o【43题详解】考查介词。句意：6月，中国将三名宇航员送入太空。分析句子可知