高中英语寒假作业高一年级 Week Two（新高考Word版）.docx

高中英语寒假作业高一年级（新高考）Week Two本系列寒假作业共由4个模块组成，分为【基础夯实】、【阅读训练】、【写作实战】、 【外刊精读】。Day One【基础夯实】一、词汇（根据汉语提示写出正确的单词）1. The Internet is really useful to us, from which we can（下载）a lot of documents.2. Are you for or against this（提议）？3. The medicines you take could affect your（平衡）.4. The system allows you to（捐赠）books for credits and use them to get free books.5. The football team was disciplined by a（专业的，职业的）trainer.6. The 5G technology is expected to make the（利润）of Huawei on the increase.7. It is（三£法的）for anyone to be fired because of pregnancy.8. Some couples see single women as a（威胁'）to their relationships.9. Go to a part of the world you're unfamiliar with and（观察）how people live there.10. He may break up under all this（压力）.二、语法（动词的时态和语态）China is widely known for its ancient civilization, which（continue） all the way through into modern times.1. Sometimes a report（divide） into a number of categories.2. According to HuffPost, more than 3 million people in the United States are vegans. In the UK, about 542,000 people（choose） veganism over the past decade.3. Quanzhou is also known for its thriving private economy. The past four decades（see） the birth of tens of thousands of private businesses and hundreds of famous brands.4. They made up their minds that they（buy） a new house once Larry changed jobs.5. At present, Tech giants Apple and Google（team） up to create a system that wouldlet smartphone users know when they've come into contact with someone who has COVID-19.6. In the 1950s, it（be） a poor area and everything there was very cheap.1 .分享你的英语学习计划；2 .征求意见；3 .期待回复并表达感谢。注意：4 .80词左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Tom,Yours,Li Hua二、读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。It was the middle of the day with the bright sun, blue sky, green grass, and a soft breeze （微风）. It was a great day to play outside and the best day of my life because I got a new ball and a new bike as my sixth birthday presents, and I was visiting my cousin, Kristy, at her house.“Here I go!” shouted David while kicking my new ball. David lived next door and was older than me. I thought he was a wild child, but he was actually very kind. The ball went flying as if it were going to space. "That was high!” Kristy said in surprise and we went after the ball. We all had a great time.Later we had supper and the food my aunt made was good. While Kristy was helping do the dishes, David and 1 ran outside to play. We started taking turns riding my bike. David suggested that we ride it to the forest. And I agreed. David and I got on the bike and David started riding fast.As we rode through the forest, I felt the wind brushing my face. It felt so great and free. Suddenly the bike hit a fallen branch and we went flying off the bike. Lying on the ground, I felt dizzy （眩晕的）.I checked myself for injuries and saw some but they didn't upset me.“David!” I shouted out anxiously.“HeyJ said a voice. I turned my head and it was David, who was standing behind me, holding my broken bike. At the sight of my disabled bike, I was so sad that I couldn't hold back my tears. It took David some time to calm me down.注意：1 .所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2 .续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph 1:When we realized it was time to walk home, we found ourselves lost.Paragraph 2:It was completely dark when we saw fireworks （烟花）being set off in the distance.Day Five【外刊精读】主题语境：人与自然观察蜜蜂如何教彼此解决问题Watch How Bees Teach Each Other to Solve ProblemsBees see, bees do. At least that's the conclusion of research published earlier this month, showing that bumblebees learn to solve problems by watching each other.In the first study of its kind in insects, scientists conducted experiments that challenged bees to pull strings in order to access rewards of nectar.The first step was proving that bees could learn to solve a simple problem. But what's more interesting is that other bees that hadn't encountered the problem before picked up the ability to solve it more quickly when they had a chance to watch a trainer bee that had already figured out the puzzle.Further, that knowledge was shown to spread from bee to bee throughout a colony, even if the first bee that figured out the trick died.The scientists hoped their study would throw light on a bigger picture: how social learning spreads through a population.In the study, Lars Chittka from Queen Mary University of London and his team made artificial flowers and filled them with artificial nectar made of sugar water. They put the flowers under a clear type of plastic and attached a string. Then they added bees. While most of the insects failed to reach the nectar, a few eventually figured out how to access it, by pulling the string.The team discovered that they could greatly increase the success rate of the bees by first placing them inside a transparent box where they could observe an experienced bee pull the string.Then, when the boxed bees were released, they often knew what to do and successfully pulled the string to obtain nectar.Next, the researchers added a bee that was experienced in string pulling to each of three new groups that had never seen the experiment before. Within a short time, about half of all those bees were soon pulling the strings. That result suggests the learned behavior could spread from bee to bee, similar to the way cultural ideas spread in other animals, including people.The experiment suggests that social learning may be more widespread in the animal kingdom than people previously thought.Words:1. bumblebee n. a large bee covered with small hairs that makes a loud noise as it flies 熊蜂；大 黄蜂string n. material made of several threads twisted together, used for tying things together; a piece of string used to fasten or pull sth or keep sth in place 2田绳； 线； 带子2. nectar n. a sweet liquid that is produced by flowers and collected by bees for making honey 花 蜜colony n. a group of plants or animals that live together or grow in the same place （同地生长 的植物或动物）群，群体，集落3. transparent adj. allowing you to see through it透明的；清澈的、选择合适的介词填空of, out, with, than, within1. Filled anger, he couldn't even utter a single word.2. The basic structure is made iron and steel.3. He is such a genius who can figure the problems others cantSarah started at 1 pm and finished it at 2:50 pm, which indicated that she completed two hours.4. The exam paper today is much more challenging we previously thought.二、语篇填空（每空一词）Bees learn to figure out problems by 1. one another, according to a research 2.earlier this month. Experiments are 3.with artificial flowers and nectar in several groups, where bees are 4. to pull strings to get the nectar. The results 5. that abilities can be passed among bees. Initially, we underestimated their social learning spreading scope. Now, we may 6. the question in a larger scale, even including human beings.参考答案Day One【基础夯实】一、词汇（根据汉语提示写出正确的单词）1. download 2. proposal3. balance4. donate5. professionalprofit（s）7. illegal8. threat9. observe10. pressure二、语法（动词的时态和语态）has continued考查动词的时态。句意:中国因其古老的文明而广为人知，这一文明一直延 续到现代。分析句子结构可知，后半句为which引导的非限制性定语从句，该从句中“持 续”这一动作发生在过去，持续到现在，故此处应用现在完成时；句子主语为civilization, 为不可数名词，故谓语动词用单数形式。故填has continued。1. is divided考查动词的时态和语态。句意：有时一份报告会分成许多类别。所填单词作句子 的谓语，主语report与谓语动词divide构成被动关系，且由标志词sometimes知，此处应 用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为单数名词report,谓语动词应用单数。故填is divided。2. have chosen考查动词的时态。句意：据赫芬顿邮报报道，美国有超过三百万人都是纯 素食主义者。在过去的十年间，英国大约有54.2万人选择了素食。根据时间状语。ver the past decade可知，句子应用现在完成时态。3. has seen/have seen考查动词的时态。句意：在过去的四十年里，数以万计的私营企业和数 百个著名品牌应运而生。分析句子结构可知，The past four decades是句子的主语，它作主 语时，既可以理解为一个整体，单数概念，也可以理解为复数概念，所以谓语动词既可以 用单数形式也可以用复数形式，另外，根据句意可知，此处表示过去的四十年见证了， 该动作从过去一直持续到现在，所以用现在完成时态，故填has seen/have seen。4. would buy考查动词的时态。句意：他们决定一旦拉里换了工作，他们就买座新房子。that 引导的从句为复合句，其中。nee引导的时间状语从句用的是一般过去时，故主句用过去将 来时。5. are teaming考查动词的时态。句意：目前，科技巨头苹果公司和谷歌公司正在合作开发一 个系统，可以让智能手机用户知道他们是否接触了新冠肺炎患者。根据时间状语at present 可知，是叙述现在正在发生的情况，因此用现在进行时be doing,表示现阶段正在进行的 动作；主语Tech giants Apple and Google中giants是复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式，故填 are teaming owas考查动词的时态。句意:在20世纪50年代，它还是一个贫穷的地区，那里的所有东西都很廉价。根据时间状语In the 1950s可知，设空处应用一般过去时，故填was。6. was考查动词的时态。句意：他说他所希望的是，微笑会使他轻松地到达终点线。主句是 一般过去时态，设空处是宾语从句的谓语，表示过去的情况，时态应该和主句保持一致， 需用一般过去时，故填was。7. found考查动词的时态。句意：然后，它在一家餐馆外面的垃圾箱里找到一些食物，开始 吃起来。根据本句中的另一个谓语动词started （一般过去时）可知，设空处应用一般过去 时，故填found。8. had tasted考查动词的时态。句意：考虑到来自那些品尝过他的炸鸡的人的正面反馈，这 位老人决定他不会安于平静的退休生活。设空处表示的行为先于got （一般过去时），表 示“过去的过去”，因此需用过去完成时had tasted。三、语法填空本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国茶文化的起源、发展历程和特点。1. to考查介词。date back to是固定短语,意为“追溯到"。2. a考查冠词。根据句意“茶作为一种饮料使用的开始时间并不清楚”可知，此处表示泛指， 且kind的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。3. which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且指代整个主句 的内容并在从句中作主语，故填关系代词Which。4. to drink考查非谓语动词。would like to do sth.是固定用法，意为“想要做某事”。5. began考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处是谓语动词，根据时间状语“in the 8th century”可知，begin表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填began。6. producing考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，for为介词，后接名词或者动词-ing形式 作宾语，故填producing。7. rapidly考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词spread,应用副词，故填rapidly。8. gifts考查名词复数。gift意为“礼物”，是可数名词，其前没有限定词，应用名词复数， 故填gifts oofficial考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词ceremony,应用形容词，故填 official o9. its考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词role,应用形容词性物主代词，结合语 境可知，此处指代茶的作用，故填its。Day Two【阅读训练】一、阅读基础A本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四款学习语言的应用程序。1. B 细节理解题。根据 Tandem: Language Exchange 中的"You can then have text, voice and video conversations with people who want to learn your native language, and in return you learn theirs, all by simply communicating with each other.“可知，如果你想通过交流学习，Tandem 最适合。故选B。2. A 细节理解题。根据 Duolingo: Learn Languages For Free 中的“The app has many languages to choose from and will work through the basics all the way to advanced words and sentences. Ifs all completely free too!”可知，Duolingo与其他三个应用程序不同的是它是完全免费的。 故选AoD细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"You can download them for free.”可知，这四款应用 程序的共同点是都可免费下载。故选D。B本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者收养的一只没有眼睛的猫的成长故事。3. B细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，当朋友问作者是否想要一只没有眼睛的猫时，作者 不假思索地告诉她，自己确实想要。这说明作者并不介意Jack是一只没有眼睛的猫。故选 BoA词义猜测题。根据第三段内容可知，Jack没有眼睛，当我们刚把他带回家的时候，他只 是待在我的房间里。大约一天之后，他到处跑，到处爬就不成问题了。因此可以推断出， issue在这里指的是“困难、问题”，与A项单词trouble意思相似。故选A。5. C细节理解题。根据第四段最后四句话可知，两只猫是在户外摔跤，而非indoors,排除A。 文章没有提到Bear没有眼睛，所以排除B。根据第三段对Jack的描述“大约一天后，他到 处跑，到处爬就不成问题了”可知，Jack适应环境挺快的。故选C。6. C主旨大意题。通读全文尤其最后一段内容可知，Jack虽然没有眼睛，但是却是最快乐的， 不为自己难过，不需要怜悯。因此文章主要内容用“自助者，天助之”来概括最合适。故 选C。二、七选五本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者家中通信工具的变化，指出人们现在很少互相见面 交流，并建议人们合理利用科技，创造更美好的生活。6.G根据空处前一句可知，作者对于妈妈能够和一个与她不在同一个房间的人说话感到很好 奇，这吸引了作者。故G项“当她离开房间的时候，我慢慢地走到电话那儿并盯着看了一 会儿”符合文意。故选G。1 . A根据空后的“Later, we had mobile phones.Then came computers and smart phones. These days I can send an e-mail.”可知，作者阐述了随着时间的变化，家中的通信工具也发生了 改变。故A项“那是很久之前的事儿了”符合文意。故选A。2 . F根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为段落主题句。根据下文可知，本段主要讲述现在我们 很少面对面交流了。故F项“然而，令我感到担心的是，我们现在很少互相交流了”能很 好地概括段落大意。故选F。3 .B根据上文可知，作者认为不能让科技占据我们太多的时间，摧毁我们的生活，我们应该 花时间互相见面交流。故B项”既要在网上联系也要在网络之外联系”符合文意。故选B。5. E空处前一句提到我们来到这个世界是为了相互关爱，相互帮助，使世界变得更美好；后 两句提到当科技不能（帮助你）做到这些时，就关掉它。E项“当科技能够帮助你做到这 些时，就使用它”承上启下，符合文意。故选E。Day Three【阅读训练】一、阅读提升C本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了荷兰年轻发明家发明的一种移除河流中塑料垃圾的 机器。1. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “The device is powered by energy from the sun”可知,这 台设备是以太阳能为动力的。故选C。2. A 推理判断题。根据第三段内容，尤其是 “which means preventing more plastic from reaching the ocean in the first place”可知，Slat认为如果减少河里的垃圾，就能阻止垃圾进入海洋, 此处close the tap是比喻说法，因此tap指的是河流。故选A。3. C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 “The device is designed to be safe in rivers. Its nose is shaped to change directions to keep it away from larger floating things n 可矢口， 这个装置在7可里 是安全的，因为它的头部在碰到较大的漂浮物时会转变方向。故选C。4. D文章出处题。本文是一篇科技类说明文，可能出自杂志。故选D。D本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本的研究人员对人类大脑衰老的相关研究。他们 的研究表明：越是乐于思考、使用大脑的人，大脑越不容易衰老。5. C 细节理解题。根据第三段 “he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages with different jobs ”可知，研究人员要去测量一千个不同年龄、从事不同工作 的人的大脑体积。由此可知，他们的研究结果是以测量不同人群的大脑体积为依据的。故 选C。6. C 推理判断题。根据第四段内容”but it was still not found in some sixty and seventy-year-oldsJ 可以推断出，这里“subjects”特指被选入试验中参与研究的人们。故选C。7. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段"The findings show that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns.”可知，研究人员的测试发现，乡下人比城镇人的大 脑萎缩得更早。故选D。8. C推理判断题。根据文章第一段以及第五段内容“Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple way to prevent the contraction - using the head.”可推知，大脑不经常使用就 会萎缩。故选C。二、完形填空本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加叔叔的葬礼后在回程的路上车胎出现故障， 经过的货车向其伸出援手的故事。1. C考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，作者参加完叔叔的葬礼后开车回家，他选择了一条风景 还不错的路，以此来调整自己的心情。故选C。2. A 考查动词短语辨析。根据上文 “Suddenly I heard a pop. I knew what had happened 一 a big flattire!”可知，突然，作者听到了砰的一声。他知道什么已经发生了车爆胎了。于是 他靠边停车。pull over意为“靠边停车”。故选A。3. B 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的"but this was a canyon drive with not much shoulderv 可知， 这是一条没有过多路肩的峡谷车道。故选B。4. A 考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的"but this was a canyon drive w汕 not much shoulder, and it happened to be around a turning that people couldn't see me”可矢口，这是条没有过多路 肩的峡谷车道，而且还是一个驾驶人看不到作者的转弯处，所以情况很危险。故选A。5. C考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“ He moved my car out of the way ”及语境可知，此处表示 这位绅士给予了作者帮助。offerahand意为“提供帮助”。故选C。6. D 考查副词辨析。根据上文中的 “but this was a canyon drive with not much shoulder”及语 境可知，作者停车的位置很危险，在一位绅士提供帮助后，作者才敢小心翼翼地从车里走 出来。故选D。7. C考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“they said they could send in 20-30 minutes”及语境可知，因为警察无法找到作者的确切位置，所以他们只能在二三十分钟内派出救援。故 选C。8. A考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，因为警察说他们无法找到作者的确切位置，所以只能在 二三十分钟内派出救援。故选A。9. B考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“The gentleman took out my spare tire”及语境可知，这位 绅士拿出作者的备胎，然后开始为作者更换备胎。故选B。10. D考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“I thanked him and he left”可知，当换胎工作完成后， 作者对这位绅士表达了感谢，然后他就离开了。故选D。11. C考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“pay it forward”及语境可知，此处表示作者承诺会把这 份对陌生人的帮助和善意传递下去。故选C。12. A考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"I saw in my mirror that the vann及下文中的"making sure I was OK”及语境可知，作者通过镜子看到那位绅士一直在后面开车跟着作者，以确保作 者一切安好。故选A。13. D 考查形容词辨析。根据下文 “A beautiful young wife with attractive children in the back." 可知，这位绅士的车上坐着一位漂亮的年轻的妻子和引人目的孩子们，所以作者有机会看 到卡车里的一家人。故选D。14. A考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处表示绅士一家都向作者微笑并挥手。故选A。15. D 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的 “I thought the gentleman had set a successful example for those young children to learn about servicen及语境可知，孩子们从父亲那里学到了服务意 识和对处于困难之中的人表达自己的怜悯之心。故选D。Day Four【写作实战】一、应用文Dear Tom,In order to make good use of the coming winter holiday, I have worked out a plan for my English study. Here, I'm writing to share it with you and I hope that you can give me some advice.8. He said what he had hoped(be) that the smiling would ease him to the finishing line.9. Then it(find) some food in bins outside a restaurant and started eating.10. Thinking about the positive feedback he got from those who (taste) his fried chicken, the old man decided that he was not going to settle for a quiet retirement.三、语法填空The Chinese people are without doubt the ones who best understand the nature of tea. We attach (重视)great importance to tea in Chinese culture.While records of tea in Chinese literature date back 1.about 5,000 years ago, the beginning of tea's use as 2. kind of drink is unclear. At first, tea was valued for its medical qualities. It has long been known that tea helps digestion (V肖化),3.is why many Chinese would like 4.(drink) it after their meal. The rising of tea drinking to an art form 5.(begin) in the 8th century, with the publication of Lu Yu's The Classic of Tea. His work contained several use