专题40-冠词代词介词考点运用（教师版）2023届高三英语总复习（人教版2019）.docx

冠词、代词、介词考点运用0目标导航冠词是语法填空题的常考点，经常考查不定冠词a, an和定冠词the的基本用法和固定搭配。解答冠 词类题目时，首先需要明确设空处是表示特指还是泛指，如果是前者用the,后者则需要再判断用a还是 ano短文改错中的冠词类题目，除了判断是表示特指还是泛指外，还需要注意单数可数名词前必须有冠词。 同时对常见的固定搭配中的冠词也要熟练掌握。（一）考点练悟（用冠词填空）When I walked down 1.Third Avenue, as 2.rule, I used to look into the windows of 3.old shop that sold old and beautiful things. Since I often took my walk after the closing time, I cupped my hands against 4.windows to get 5.small look at the treasures inside.Some things looked as if they had not been noticed for 6.long time, but I knew their beauty was still there beneath their own surface. I even thought they were 7.most beautiful that I had ever seen. That was how I felt about old people, too. I knew their value, and it hurt me when others missed it I was raised by my grandmother and given 8.deep sense of the value of experience. Taught to behave well, my sister and I respected other people, regardless of their age or color. My grandmother was loved by all 9.people around her. She was known to be 10.wise and kind woman, who was able to do things well even in her last years.Old people should be treated as fine gold. They may be gradually tarnished （失去光泽）by age, but they can be polished with respect. You might be surprised by their bright and shining qualities.【答案】l.the2.a3.an4.the5.a6.a7.the8.a9.the10.a（二）快捷技法思考趋向如何确定填冠词如果空格后有名词（短语）而且二者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指含义，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指 意义的比较级等形式，那么空格处一般是填冠词。解题规则如何确定填什么冠词.不定冠词a/an的常考点表示泛指，相当于“a certain"。（如题3,6,10）表示类指，指某类中的“任何一个”。表示量指，但数的概念没有。ne强烈。（4）表示“每”，相当于per,用于价格、速度、频率等表达中。（5）考查固定搭配中的不定冠词。（如题2,6）和具有某些特征、状态或情感的抽象名词连用表示具体的概念。（如题5,8）1 .定冠词the的常考点within表示在范围之内。©except表示同类事物除外。except for表示与整体陈述相对的细节修补。其他常考的介词.介词在固定搭配中的考查with(1)(表示状态)具有，带有(2)(表示伴随)随着(3)(表示原因)由于，因为(4)(表不关系)和一起(5)构成with复合结构against(1)(表示态度)反对(2)(表示对比)以为背景(3)(表示方位)倚靠着of(1)表示“的”(2)“of+.”相当于该名词对应的形容词for“for+时间段”表示“长达”despite尽管，虽然without如果没有beyond超出，超越介词在固定搭配中的考查主要有以下几种形式：(1)介词与名词的搭配介词与形容词的搭配介词与动词的搭配随堂练习1 .Favorable policies are effect to encourage employees9 professional development.2 .Good morning, Mr. Lee's office.一Good morning. Td like to make an appointment next Wednesday afternoon.3.Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went all.4 .China,s soft power grows in line the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.5 .When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be trees that are over 1,000 years old.6 .We offer an excellent education to our students. return, we expect students to work hard.7 .Determining where we are in relation our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.8 .The study suggests that the cultures we grow up influence the basic processes by which we see the world around us.9 .Most people work because it's unavoidable.contrast,there are some people who actually enjoy work.10 .These comments came in response specific questions often asked by local newsmen.11 .Have you ever heard of the trees that are home animals both on land and sea?12 .Last year was the warmest year on record,with global temperature 0.68 the average.13 .They believe that there are transport developments the corner that will bring a lot of changes for the better.14 .Human life is regarded as part of nature and,as such,the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony nature.15 .This meeting room is a non-smoking area.I would like to warn you advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.16 .The little pupil took his grandma the arm and walked her across the street.【答案】随堂练习My name is Wil Wheaton-and I am a nerd('怪人).It's awesome to be nerd. When I was a little boy, people really teased me about that and made me feel like there was 2 wrong with me for loving strange 3 (thing). Now that I'm 4 adult, I'm a professional nerd, and 5 world has changed. I think we have realized that being a nerd is not about what you love but about how you love. So there's going to be a thing in your life that you love. I don't know what it's going to be. It might be sports or science or reading or telling 6 (story)7 doesn't matter what it is. Some of us love Game of Thrones, while 8 love Star Wars. But weall love those things so much that we travel 9 (thousand) of miles-which is probably easy for you, but we're still using fossil fuels, so it's difficult to be around people who love the things that we love the way that we love them. Thafs why being a nerd is awesome.I want you to work hard because everything worth doing is hard. I want you to be awesome, and I will do 10 (I)very best to leave you a planet that you can still live on.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.9.10.【答案】In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back to as far as 7,000 years. As early as the Shang dynasty, bamboo was being used in ancient (people)daily lives. 2 was used fbr food, clothing, housing, transportation, musical 3 (instrument)and even weapons.The 4 (apply) of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling. In 251 BC, Li Bing, in Sichuan, led the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs, the first irrigation network in the world, in which bamboo played 5 important role. The world's oldest water pipe was also made of bamboo. During 6 Han dynasty, the people in Sichuan successfully sank a 100-metre-deep well with thick bamboo ropes. This technology did not spread to Europe until the 19th century, and it was by using the technology that the Americans drilled 7 first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.In Chinese culture, bamboo is well-known as one of the "four 8 (gentleman) in plants. To many distinguished 9 (man), bamboo is a symbol of goodness and honesty. It is always closely related to people of positive spirits. Bamboo culture contributes to encouraging people to hold on when facing tough 10 (situation).1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.【答案】l.people,A Chinese song titled Yi Jian Mei entered Viral 50 of Spotify, 1 overseas mainstream music platform indicating 2 (popular) on social media platforms, on June 15. The song was sung by Chinese singer Fei Yu-ching 37 years ago. 3 was part of the soundtrack for a hit TV drama.lt has become a classic pop song among 4 middle-aged people.The popularity of the song began with a hit TikTok video in January, in which a Chinese man named Zhang Aiqin performed the song twirling in the snow. His unique 5 (appear) with an egg-like head caught the eye of TikTok users. Many 6 (foreign) were also attracted by 7 (he) deep voice. They have posted their covered songs on TikTok and Twitter. Different from the original song, the current version has been adapted for different music styles, including hip hop.Another popular activity related to the song is to ask parents to read out the written lyrics. Interestingly, most parents can sing this melody directly as part of their memory of 8 1980s.Although the song and lyrics have become a funny meme on the Internet, some still think that this is 9 unexpected opportunity for foreigners to understand Chinese music and culture. Some foreign web users say that they felt inner peace and appreciated the 10 (beautiful) of Mandarin listening to the song.【答案】四Dogs are desperate for human eye contact. It's hard for most people to resist a flash of puppy-dog eyes. Dogs split off from (they) wolf relatives. A paper has found that dogs* faces are structured for complex 2 (expression) in a way that 3 (wolf) aren't. There are two muscles that work together to widen and open a dog's eyes, causing 4 (they) to appear bigger, and objectively cuter. But for wolves 5 of the two muscles was present. When dogs work these muscles, humans respond more positively. This isn't simply 6 accidental love story, where the eyes of two species just so happen to meet across a crowded planet. Like all the best partnerships, this one more likely results from years of evolution and growth.For a 7 (species) to change quickly, a pretty powerful force must be having effects on 8 . And that's where humans come in. We connect closely with animals capable of exaggerating the size and 9 (wide) of their eyes, making them look like our own human 10 (baby).【答案】五Traditional Chinese WeddingTraditional Chinese wedding (custom) have been around for thousands of 2 (year). They may vary from place to place and time to time, but have been holding 3important positionin the lives of Chinesepeople, causing a far-reaching impact on the way the Chinese lead4 (they)lives.The traditional Chinesemarriage usually involves some necessary procedures, such as match-making, engagement, meeting the bride, and three 5 (bow). In addition, a typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like this:whenanew couple is engaged,what follows is a 6 (choose) of the date of their marriage.Most people would favor a bank holiday or a special Chinese festival for their relatives and friends to attend the wedding. However, quite 7 few others, especially 8 in the countryside, would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”. The wedding ceremony is usually hosted warmly and the wedding ceremony very often ends with 9 unique banquet. Toasts are made to wish the new couple long life, everlasting love and 10 (happy), early birth of a healthy baby and so on.【答案】Nowadays when faced health or nutrition （营养）questions, people probably turn 2 the Internet 3 help. But they may get some wrong advice online,which is very dangerous! 4 addition, search engines show clicking rates looking into 5 （popular） rather 6 accuracy （准确）.So useful advice cannot be easy to find. It is well worth checking whether the advice is helpful. 7 all, anyone can call themselves 8 diet expert, and even a doctor. But remember, only officially recognized doctors and dietitians （营养学家）have the right to give medical 9 （suggest）. So if you are unsure, you'd better visit a doctor. Go 10 the right place, and the real answers can be found.【答案】1 .with 2.to 3.for 4. In 5.popularity 6.than 7.After 8.a 9.suggestions lO.to七Local food has several meanings. It can be used to refer the food that is grown and sold in the same town. 2 the other hand,it can also mean the food directly sold 3 the farmer to the consumer, rather than being processed. 4 either of the cases,local food is as good as growing food in your own garden.One of the bigger advantages of going for local food is that the food is fresh. As it is grown at a close distance and sold immediately, there are no preservatives（防腐剂）added 5 it. And as the food is fresh, it has a longer shelf life and will last longer in your refrigerator. Another health benefit associated 6 local food is that its more nutritious. As the time 7 farm and table is less, the nutrients in the food don't get washed off. So 8 is always beneficial to go for local food.More importantly, your small contribution in buying only local food helps reduce global warming. As no transportation is required for transporting food, there11! be decrease 9 the use of fossil fuel. As few chemicals are used for these products, the environment is protected. Therefore, choosing local food is really 10 good idea.【答案】l.to 2.On 3.by 4.In 5.to 6.with 7.between 8.it 9.in 10.a八How many hours did you spend reading last week? This question has arrived in thousands of American homes every other year 1992 as part of the University of Michigan's Health and Retirement Study. 22016,researchers found that people who identified themselves 3 regular book readers were 23 per cent less likely to die between 2001 and 2012 than 4 who read only newspapers or magazines.You may already be familiar 5 recent findings that suggest children who read books with their parents several times a week score higher 6 intelligence tests than non-readers. But recent research argues that reading may be just as important in adulthood. When practised over a lifetime, reading and language-acquisition skills can support healthy brain functions in big ways.What is it about reading books that increases our brain power while reading 7 (newspaper)doesnt?First, reading a book of any genre forces your brain to think critically and make connections from one chapter 8 another, and to the outside world, which may provide a greater defense 9 the worst effects or cognitive decay. Second, reading books, especially fiction, has been shown to increase empathy and emotional intelligence, both 10 which are proved to help you live longer.【答案】1. since 2.1n 3.as 4.those 5.with 6.in/on 7.newspapers 8.to 9.against lO.of特指某人或某物。(如题4,9)(2)用于最高级或序数词前或由only, very, same等修饰的名词前。(如题1,7)和形容词、过去分词连用，表示一类人或事物。(4)用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在某世纪几十年代”。定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中。一、不定冠词a/an.My friend Linda is an honest girl1; studying in a university J).We are of an age2，we both like milk and we drink a cup of milk a day.So we think a cow® is very useful. 不定冠词的用法表示泛指“某个当说话人第一次提及某人、某物时通常用不定冠词；在读音以辅音音素 开头的单词前用a,在读音以元音音素开头的单词前用an。表示“同一表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有。ne强烈。表示“每一工相当于per。表示“一类”事物。二、定冠词the.Mr Smith is a teacher from the United Statesu).He was the first2y foreign teacher I had met.In the 1990s®, he and his wife were traveling along the Yangtze River 1'when a ship wrecked.The Smiths came up to help the injured and saved a boy by catching him by the arm.The boy's parents said they were the kindest " people in the world®.They would remember the couple10 forever. 定冠词的用法用于普通名词构成的专有名词之前。用于序数词之前。用在世纪前或用在逢十的年代前，后者表示“在某世纪几十年代 用于江河湖海山岛前。用在表示姓氏的复数名词之前，表示“一家人”或“夫妻俩”。用在形容词或分词前，表示某一类人或物。摸/打/抓(等表动作的词)+ sb. +介词+the+身体部位。用于形容词或副词的最高级前。用在世界上独一无二的事物前。表示上文已经提到过的人或事物。三、零冠词.When learning that teachers 1 are badly needed in remote districts，Lily volunteered to teach in a remote place.Local people have made her headmaster2 of the school since her arrival and she teaches Chinese3 ,maths，and English3 herself from spring to winter1 and from Monday to Sunday l).On weekends, she teaches them to play volleyball and chess®.When she finds many children attending school without having lunch she raises money 1 fbr the children's meals.零冠词常用的几种情况表泛指的复数名词或不可数名词前。表示头衔和职务的名词作表语、同位语或补足语时。表示语言、学科的名词前不用冠词。季节、月份、日期、星期、节假日前不用冠词。球类运动、棋类游戏的名词前不用冠词。一日三餐前一般不加冠词。随堂练习题组一 冠词的基本用法I .单句填空.Also known as the Snow Dragon, the icebreaker carrying a research team set sail from Shanghai on Nov. 2 lastyear, beginning country 35th Antarctic expedition.1 .1t's not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in lifejt,s ongoing process.3 .Chaplin liked idea of working in the film industry because it would mean a new life.4 .Three became political leaders;three became doctors;the most famous graduate became university teacher and was responsible for the introduction of modern teaching methods in his country.【答案】I.the2.an3.the4.a 题组二冠词的习惯用法I .单句填空.The sound of the car died away in distance.1 .Eating chocolate once in while