2022北京昌平高三（上）期末英语（教师版）.docx

2022北京昌平高三（上）期末英 语本试卷共8页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将 本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分、知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节：完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。After I lost my right hand in a car accident ten years ago, I thought I would never be able to lead a normal life again. I was equipped with an artificial hand, but it did not feel like a part of me. Even things like getting dressed were unbelievably difficult. Three months ago, 2. all that changed when I was given the 3 to test a new robotichand.Scientists have been making great progress in robotic technology in recent years, and their work on robotic limbs（四肢） has really changed my life. With my new hand, I can move my individual fingers and 4 very small things, like pens and pencils. More 5, my robotic hand is capable of 6 varying degrees of pressure, just like a 7hand.Over the past three months I have been testing out the 8of what I can do with my new hand, and it constantlysurprises me. I have rediscovered hobbies I enjoyed before my accident. For example, I have been cooking for my family since I got my new hand. Not only can I do more, but I also feel more 9 when I hang out with friends. And now I'm so 10 for all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up.1. A. strangeB. simpleC. interestingD. important2. A. howeverB. insteadC. thusD. moreover3.A. spaceB. powerC.chanceD. method4. A. graspB. drawC. balanceD. afford5. A. casuallyB. amazinglyC. obviouslyD. seriously6. A. examiningB. touchingC. reachingD. feeling7. A. newB. realC. specialD. strong8. A. limitsB. waysC. rulesD. behaviors9. A. curiousB. energeticC. confidentD. anxious10 A. suitableB. regretfulC. responsibleD. grateful第二节：语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号 所给词的正确形式填空。Naomi Watts, one of Hollywood's greatest 11(star), was born in England on 28th September, 1968. At sevenshe 12 (begin) to follow her mother and her brother around England until in 1982 (hey settled in Australia whereNaomi persuaded her mother to let her take acting classes. After bit parts in commercials, she landed her first role in For【2题详解】考杳副词词义辨析。句意：然而，三个月前，当我有机会测试一种新的机械手时，一切都改变了。A. however然 而；B. instead 代替，反而；C. thus 因此；D. moreover 此外。根据上文“Even things like getting dressedwere unbelievably difficult.”可知，甚至像穿衣服这样简单的事情都难以置信的困难，而下文中又提到“一切都改变 了“，由此可知，上下文之间形成转折关系。故选A。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.space空间；B. power权力，力量；C.chance机会；D. method方法。根据"to test a new robotic hand.”可知，作者得到了一个测试机械手的机会。故选Co【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有了这只新手，我可以移动我的手指，抓住非常小的东西，比如钢笔和铅笔。A. grasp 理解，抓住；B. draw画画；C. balance平衡;D. afford付得起。根据“like pens and pencils”可知,这只机械手可以帮 助作者抓住像钢笔和铅笔这种小东西。故选A。【5题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：更令人惊讶的是，我的机械手能够感受到不同程度的压力，就像一只真正的手一样。A. casually 随意地;B. amazingly 令人惊讶地；C. obviously 明显地;D. seriously 严重地。根据“it constantly surprises me”可知，这只机械手的功能让作者感到惊讶。故选B。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. examining检查；B.【ouching接触：C. reaching到达;D. feeling感觉。根据 “varying degrees of pressure”可知，机械手能够感受到不同程度的压力。故选D。【7题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. new新；B. real真正的；C. special特别的；D. strong强壮的。根据“More5. my robotic hand is capable of 6varying degrees of pressure”可知，机械手能够感受到不同程度的压力，就像真正的手一样。故选B。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的三个月里，我一直在测试我的新手的极限，它不断地让我惊讶。A. limits限 制；B. ways 方法；C. rules 规则；D. behaviors 行为。根据"I have rediscovered hobbies I enjoyed before my accident. For example, I have been cooking for my family since I got my new hand.”可知，作者一直在测试新手的极限，最后重:获 了以前的爱好。故选A。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不仅可以做得更多，而且当我和朋友出去玩的时候，我也会感到更自信。A. curious 好奇的;B. energetic精力充沛的;C. confident自信的;D. anxious焦虑的。根据“iustlikca7hand”可知,感觉自己的机械手像真的手一样，作者恢复了自信。故选C。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我很感激我的机械手为我打开了所有新的可能性。A. suitable合适的；B. regretful 后悔的；C. responsible 负责任的;D. grateful 感激的。根据“all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up”可 知，作者为机械手给自己生活带来的新的可能性表示感谢。故选D“第二节：语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号 所给词的正确形式填空。Naomi Watts, one of Hollywood's greatest 11 (star), was bom in England on 28" September, 1968. At seven she 12 (begin) to follow her mother and her brother around England until in 1982 they settled in Australia where Naomi persuaded her mother to let her take acting classes. After bit parts in commercials, she landed her first role in For Love Alone. Later her part in the film Mulholland Drive showed her strong acting ability, and earned 13(she) muchrespect.题答案】【答案】11. stars 12. began 13.her 【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了好莱坞影星娜奥米沃茨。【11题详解】考查名词的数。句意：娜奥米沃茨，好莱坞最伟大的明星之一，1968年9月28日出生于英国。oneof+可数名词复 数形式，意为“之一”，用名词star的复数形式。故填stars。【12题详解】考查时态。句意：七岁时，她开始跟随母亲和哥哥在英国四处流浪，直到1982年他们在澳大利亚定居下来，在那 里，娜奥米说服母亲让她上表演课。根据“at seven”和“in 1982”可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。 故填began o【13题详解】考查代词。句意：后来，她在电影穆赫兰道中的角色展示了她强大的演技，为她赢得了很多尊重。空处需填代 词作earned的宾语，需用宾格形式。故填her。B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号 所给词的正确形式填空。One way to improve your learning is through critical thinking, 14 is a necessary skill. The easiest way15 (learn) to think critically is to force yourself to question everything. I still remember when I was at university, my classmates and I 16 (encourage) to challenge each other and our professors. It could be very challenging, but it was a way of developing critical thinking. So try to develop your power of critical thinking. And don't believe everything you read or see. Think for yourself.【1416题答案】【答案】14. which15. to learnwere encouraged 【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者通过自己的经历告诉我们学会批判性思考的最简单方法就是强迫自己质疑 一切。【14题详解】考查定语从句。句意：提高学习能力的一个方法是通过批判性思维，这是一项必要的技能。空处引导非限制性定语 从句，先行词critical diinking,指物，在定语从句中作主语,需用关系代词which引导。故填which。15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学会批判性思考的最简单方法就是强迫自己质疑一切。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词 is,空处需填动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词way。故填to learn。【16题详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：我仍然记得当我在大学的时候，我的同学和我被鼓励去挑战彼此和我们的教 授。此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语my classmatesand I和encourage是被动关系，需用被动语 态，谓语动词使用或数形式。故填were encouraged。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号 所给词的正确形式填空。Some animal species 17 (develop) amazingly complicated ways of communicating with one another since they appeared on the planet. But (here are huge differences 18 the ways animals communicate and the ways human beings do. When animals make a sound, such as a bark or a call, it is reaction to 19 is happening around them. An alarm call means they are 20 (frighten). A hunger call means they want food. Animals, though, cannot make a call meaning “I was scared yesterday/' or 'TH be hungry tomorrow." Only human beings arc capable of doing this.【1720题答案】【答案】17. have dcvclopcd#havc been developing18. betweenwhat 20. frightened 【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动物的交流方式和人类的交流方式有很大的不同。【17题详解】考查动词时态。句意：一些动物物种自出现在地球上以来，已经发展出了相当复杂的相互沟通方式。根据“since they叩peared on the planet”可知，空处使用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，表示一个动作从过去开始持续到现在 或者一个动作从过去开始持续到现在并将继续持续下去。主语为Some animal species,助动词用have。故填have dcvelopcd/havc been developing。【18题详解】考查固定短语。句意：但是动物的交流方式和人类的交流方式有很大的不同。between.and为固定短语，意为“在 二者之间“。故填between。19题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：当动物发出声音时，比如吠叫或呼叫，这是对它们周围发生的事情的反应。空出引导宾语 从句，从句缺少主语，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。【20题详解】考查形容词。句意：警报信号意味着它们受到了惊吓。空处需填形容词作表语，此处表示“感到的"，需用-ed 结尾的形容词。故填frightened。第二部分、阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAlthough a popular choice fbr heating our homes, gas boilers are filled with problems. Lack of room-by-room control means you could be left cold and unhappy, meanwhile possibly polluting the environment with harmful gases. The inefficiency of gas heaters could also cost you hundreds of pounds in repairs.The Future is ElectricThe Fischer EB is an electric boiler that has been built with the future in mind. With no need for outside water tanks, the Fischer EB is a modern and efficient heating solution to replace your outdated heating. Made from a special steel, Fischer EB is built to last and simple to operate. And with no additional need for servicing, you can enjoy peace of mind knowing there is no risk of your boiler breaking down.Complete ControlFischer EB comes with a wireless （hermostal （恒温计）ihat has been designed for easy and simple use. Program your Fischer EB boiler to make sure you are getting the right temperature when you need it. No wasted heat, no wasted energy and no more fear when the weather takes a turn for the worse. At the touch of a button you will experience the warmth and comfort of Fischer EB.Make a difference to the environmentFischer Electric Boilers run only on electricity, meaning if you are supplied with renewable energy you can heat your home without worrying about any harmful gases or pollutants. Installation （安装）is easy and simple. You can relax when knowing there is no need fbr maintaining or service.A cleaner futureAct now! Apply an energy efficient Fischer Electric boiler and replace your huge, inefficient gas or oil boiler. Benefit from controllability and comfort this winter.You can learn more about Fischer EB by calling 0800 1032 672 or by visiting the website at: .21. The Fischer EB is environmental friendly mainly because.A. it costs less money in repairsit runs only on electricityB. it's simple to operateit's easy to maintain22. With a Fischer EB, people can control the temperature by.A. using a special steelinstalling a water lankB. adding an extra buttonprogramming the boiler23. The purpose of the passage is to.A. find an applicantshare a technologyB. promote a productintroduce a service【2123题答案】【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则广告，主要介绍了费舍尔电锅炉这个产品。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Fischer Electric Boilers run only on electricity, meaning if you are supplied with renewable energy you can heat your home without worrying about any harmful gases or polhitants.（费舍尔电锅炉只靠电力运行，这 意味着如果你使用可再生能源，你可以为你的家供暖，而不用担心任何有害气体或污染物。）”可知，费舍尔电锅炉 是环保的主要原因是它只靠电力运行。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Program your Fischer EB boiler to make sure you arc getting the right temperature when you need il.（给你的费舍尔电锅炉的恒温计编程，确保你在需要的时候得到正确的温度。）“可知，使用费舍尔电锅 炉，人们可以通过对温计编程来控制温度。故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Act now! Apply an energy efficient Fischer Electric boiler and replace your huge, inefficient gas or oil boiler. Benefit from controllability and comfort this winter.（现在就行动!使用节能的费舍尔电锅 炉，并替换您巨大的，低效的燃气或燃油锅炉。这个冬天从可控性和舒适度中受益。户可知，文章的主要目的是推 销费舍尔电锅炉这个产品。故选C。BAs 17-year-old Norwood drove through St. Petersburg, Florida, last February, the laughter and chatter from the four teenage girls inside her car quickly gave way to screams. As they approached a crossroad, another car T-boned them, sending their black car sailing into the yard of a nearby house, coming to a stop only when it crashed into a tree.As smoke rose from the other car, a bystander shouted, "It's about to blow up! Get out!” The impact had caved in Norwood's driver's side door, jamming it shut. Shaken, but still OK, she crawled out through the window. Along with two of her friends, who'd also managed to free themselves, she ran for her life.But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn't with them. Norwood ran back to the seriously damaged car and found Simmons lying in the back seat. "She wasn't moving,M Norwood told the reporter. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out, avoiding the broken glass as best she could. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. UI checked her pulse."Nothing. "I put my head against her chest. No sign of life. "That's when I started CPR.If the accident had happened a few weeks earlier, she might not have known what to do. But Norwood, who wants to pursue a career in medicine, had earned herCPR certificate just the day before. Kneeling on the lawn and looking down at her dying friend, Norwood knew she had precious little time to practice what she'd learned.She started pressing Simmons's chest with her crossed fingers and breathing into her friend's mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of life. No response. And then, after the 30th press, Simmons began coughing and gasping for air. The CPR had worked!Soon, an ambulance arrived and rushed Simmons to the hospital, where she received stitches （缝合）for a wound in her forehead. And then she heard how her best friend had saved her life. wasn't shocked,n said Simmons. uShc will always help any way she can."On a day of last February, Norwood and her friends.A. witnessed a crashdrove into a houseB. ran into an accidentgot stuck in a traffic jam24. Norwood ran back to the damaged car just in order to.A practice CPRB. help her friend outD. stop the explosionD. stop the explosionC. open the back doorWhich of the following words can best describe Norwood?C. Ambitious.B. Breath of lifeD. Loss of memoryD. Optimistic.A. Brave.B. Creative.25. What's the best title of the passage?A. Pursuit of dreamC. Recovery from injury【2427题答案】【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了诺伍德在发生交通事故后，用心肺复苏术救了自己朋友的性命。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“As they approached a crossroad, another car T-boned them, sending their black car sailing into the yard of a nearby house, coming to a stop only when it crashed into a tree.（当他们接近一个十字路 口 时，另一一辆车 从他们身上撞过来，把他们的黑色轿车撞进了附近一所房子的院子里，直到撞上一棵树才停了下来。）“可知，去年 2月的一天，诺伍德和她的朋友们遭遇了一场交通事故。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But halfxvay down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn't with them. Norwood ran back to the seriously damaged car and found Simmons lying in the back seat.（但走到一半的时候，她意识至lj 她最好的朋友西蒙斯并没有和他们在一起。诺伍德跑回损坏严重的汽车旁，发现西蒙斯躺在后座上。）”和“She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out, avoiding the broken glass as best she could.（她猛地打开后 f J,把她的朋友 拉了出来，尽量避开那些碎玻璃。）”可知，诺伍德跑回被撞坏的车旁，只是为了帮助她的朋友。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“As smoke rose from the other car, a bystander shouted, "It's about to blow up! Get out!” （当另一辆车冒起烟时，一个旁观者喊道:“要爆炸了!”出去巧”和“Shaken, but still OK, she crawled out through the window. Along with two of her friends, who'd also managed to free themselves, she ran for her life.（她颤抖着，但还好， 从窗户爬了出去。她和她的两个朋友一起逃命，他们也成功逃脱了。户以及文章第三段“But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend. Simmons, wasn't with them. Nonvood ran back to the seriously damaged car and found Simmons lying in the back seat.（但走到一半的时候，她意识到她最好的朋友西蒙斯并没有和他们在一起。诺伍德跑 回损坏严重:的汽车旁，发现西蒙斯躺在后座上.户可知，诺伍德本来一经成功逃脱了，却为了救朋友重新跑【可损坏 严重的汽车旁，由此可知，她是勇敢的。故选A。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段的“She started pressing Simmons's chest with her crossed fingers and breathing into her friend's mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of life.（她开始用交叉的手指按压西蒙斯的胸部，对着朋友的嘴 里呼吸，希望用生命的吻填满她的肺。丁以及文章主要讲述了诺伍德在发生交通事故后，用心肺复苏术救了自己朋 友的性命。由此可知，B项：Breath of life （生命的呼吸）为最佳标题。故选B.CThe term "Pygmalion efteef' was coined in reference to studies done in the 1960s on the influence of teacher expectations on students' IQs. The studies asked if teachers had high expectations, would those expectations become self fulfilling prophecies （预言）regardless of initial IQ? In that particular case, years of debate and analysis have resulted in the conclusion that the effects were negligible.However, the concept of the Pygmalion e