大一轮复习学案语法部分专题三第七讲二介词Word版含答案(1).docx

二介词单句语法填空1. （2020全国卷IH）The artist was finally humbled（谦卑）by the greatest artist earth, Mother Nature.解析：考查固定搭配。on earth "在世界上”。答案：on2. （2020新高考山东卷）Museums must compete people's spare time and moneywith other amusements.解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表达的是“为了人们的空闲时间和金钱与其他 的娱乐活动进行竞争"，compete for ”为竞争”，故应用介词for。答案：for3. （2020浙江卷 7 月）Somc time after 10, 000 BC» people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived, through agriculture.解析： 考查介词。livein是固定词组，表示“在地方生活”，故填in。答案：in4. （2020浙江卷 1 月）This aging of the population is driven two factors.解析：考查介词。空处位于表示被动的动词后，故应该填by。答案：by5. （2019全国卷 I ）Modern methods tracking polar bear populations have beenemployed only since the mid- 1980s» and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.解析： 考查介词。a method of/for doing sth.”做某事的方法”。答案：of/for6. （2019北京卷）First celebrated 1970» the Day now includes events in more than190 countries and regions（地区）.解析：考查介词。在1970年，应用介词in。在年、月和季节前，用介词in。 Ze/r Dt=j-答案：in7. （2019全国卷川）口令 were first greeted with the barking by a pack dogs, seven tobe exact.解析： 考查介词。a pack of是固定搭配，意为“一群答案：of8. （2019浙江卷）But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer this question is not clear.解析： 考查固定搭配中介词的使用。the answer to."的答案”。答案：to介词的基本用法9. at, in, on表示时间（l）at表示某一时刻at 12： 00（在 12 点），at noon（在中午），at night（在夜里）,at midnight（在半夜）,at dawn/daybreak（在黎明，破晓），at sunise/sunsel（在日出/H落），atdusk（在黄昏）。（2）in指上午、下午及晚上或月、年等较长的时间in the 1980's/1980s, in the Qing Dynasty» in October, in the morning/afternoon/evening ） （3）on用于表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间（如：某日、某节日、星期几等）on October 1st, on a rainy day. on National Day. on the morning of July 3rd。10. by, before, after, until/till, during, within 表示时间（Dby至ij时（为止）（2）before在以前（3）after 在后（4）until/till 直到为止（5）during 在期间（6）within 在之内He often falls asleep during the class, which makes his teacher very angry.他常常上课睡觉，这使他的老师很生气。11. between, among 表示"在之间"between指"在之间（两者之间）”，常和and连用;among表示"在之间（三者或三者以上）”。Keep the close relationship between teachers and students.保持亲密的师生关系。12. by, in, on, with表示“使用工具、手段、方式等”（l）by表示“乘，坐（交通工具）”或“通过方式”；（2）in当“用”讲时，后常接表示语言、材料等的词；（3）wilh表示使用某种具体的工具、手段等。by bike, by taxi, by plane, by shipgo to school on my bike, on footHer parents always talk to her in German.她的父母总是用德语和她交谈。We see with our eyes> hear with our ears, and walk with our legs.我们用眼睛看，用耳朵 听，用腿走路。13. about, on表示"关于"about多用于表示内容比较普通、不太正式的情形，on多指内容属于专门性的，是严肃 的或学术性的，有时两者可通用。He gave a report on/about the international situation at the meeting.他在会上做了一个关于国际形势的报告。14. from, since表示时间from表示开始的时间，译为“从开始”，多用于结构中；（2）since表示“自以后，从以来”。Wc work from Monday to Friday every week.我们每周从周一工作到周五。I haven't heard from him since last year.自从去年，我就没有收到过他的来信。15. with的常见用法（表示关系）和一起；（表示状态）具有，带有；（表示方式）用，凭借；（表示原因）由于，因为。Would you like to go to the theatre with us?你愿意和我们一起去看戏吗？The small child trembled with fear.那个小孩吓得打哆嗦。16. for的用法表示“为了；给，对（表示对象、用途等）；因为，由于；向，往（表示去向）；就而The biggest concern for most of us is the quality of public education.我们大多数人最关心的是大众教育的质量问题。17. without的用法表示“没有，缺乏；不和在一起；不用，不拿，不带”。It is a pity that David is away on business.Anyhow, you've got a great deal of time to tour inNew York without him.很遗憾，大卫出差了。不管怎样，你有大量时间可以单独在纽约游览。18. against 的用法（表示方位）倚靠着；（表示态度）反对；（表示对比）以为背景。An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are against it.看来意见达成一致是不可能了，因为大多数委员会成员都表示反对。19. beyond的用法（表示位置）在另一边，在更远处；（表示程度）超出，非所能及。Everybody was touched beyond words after they heard her moving story.听了她感人的故事，大家都被感动得无以言表。（单句语法填空/单句改错）1. （2021 广州市综合检测）He even received a medal the Chinese government for his conservation efforts.解析： 考查介词。结合语境可知，空处表示来源，所以填from。答案：from2. （2021 福州市高三毕业班适应性练习）The United States Geological Survey estimates that bats' contributions pest management save the country roughly 3.7 billion dollars peryear.解析：考查介词。此处表示蝙蝠对害虫管理的贡献，所以填介词2。答案：to3. （2021 成都市高中毕业班第三次诊断）If so, （hose who enjoy hiking, now it could be the last chance to experience an undeveloped part of Southeast Asia before it joins its neighbors in boosting its tourism.解析： 考查介词。此处表示“对于那些喜欢徒步旅行的人”，故填for。答案：for4. （2021 山西省重点中学高三联考）Lin said people from different age groups come to her classes different purposes.解析：考查介词。此处表示不同年龄段的人带着不同的目的来上她的课。purpose ”目 的，意图”前通常用介词for。答案：for5. （2021 河南郑州一中六次测试）Most caves are formed nature under the ground，but some have entrances people can find.解析：句意为：大部分洞窟是在地下自然形成的，但有些洞窟的入口人们可以发现。by nature为固定搭配，意为"天然地"，故填介词by。答案：by6. （2021东北三省四市高考模拟一）It is known that as the development of economy, the number of cars is increasingly growing in our daily life.解析： 介词误用。wilh ihe developmeni of.意为“随着的发展”，而as作介词时，意为“像，作为"，不符合语境，所以将as改为with。答案： as-*with7. （2021 重庆市名校联盟二模）With a hurry we returned home, packed suitcases and left the next day.解析： 介词错误。固定短语in a hurry表示“快速，迅速”。答案：With-In8. （2021 云南省七校高考适应性考试）A walk in a big park or the bank of a stream is even more refreshing.解析：介词漏用。在大公园里或小溪边散步更令人神清气爽。bank “岸”前要用介词 on表示“在岸边”，故此处不能共用前面的介词in。答案：the bank前加on考点m固定搭配1 .名词与介词搭配by accident 偶然by chance 碰巧on board在船上（或飞机上、火车上）on business 因公出差on average 平均in charge掌管，主管in particular 特别，尤其，详细地in place适当的，恰当的in the distancein the distance在远处in favo(u)r ofin favo(u)r of赞成，支持in honour ofin honour of为了纪念，对表示敬意in spite of尽管，虽然in turn依次，转而in vain徒劳in memory of 为纪念in return 作为回报in order按顺序，处于良好状态2 .动词与介词搭配remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事rob sb.of sth. 抢劫某人某物call at访问(某地)call for要求，需要care about 关心do harm to 伤害fix one's eyes on 注视get rid of免除，摆脱run out of 用完come up with 提出put forward 提出make fun of 取笑adapt to 适应refer to涉及，查阅comeacross（偶然）遇见pick up捡起，川车接（某人），接收，偶然习得3 .形容词与介词搭配be curious about 对好奇be proud of因而自豪be popular with受到的欢迎be anxious about 为忧虑be concerned about 对担心、忧虑be present at 出席be absent from 缺席be free from 免于名即学即练1. （2020武汉市高中毕业生 6 月供题）Because astronomy we now know exactlywhen the universe came into existence.解析：考查介词。because of为固定搭配，意为“因为，由于"，符合语境，故填介词Ofo答案：of2. （2021 太原市高三年级模拟）According to Canada's Currency Act, stores can legally refuse excessive amounts coins.解析： 考查介词。amounts of为固定表达，意为“大量的"，所以填of。答案：of3. （2020-6 月济南市高三针对性练习）It described detail the process of plantingtea bushes, harvesting tea leaves, and preparing for the making of tea.解析：考查固定搭配。in detail为固定搭配，意为“详细地”，符合语境。答案：in4. （2021 福建省质量检查测试）Patients talked with their doctors during the operation and （hen walked back to their rooms their own.解析： 考查介词。on one's own "独自地，独立地”是固定搭配，所以填on。答案：on5. （2021长春市高三质量监测）They think 12 yuan for an order is too much.Besides, many more people doubt if these collectors will wash their hands after dealing the trash.解析： 考查介词。此处考查动词短语deal with “处理”。答案：with6. （2021云南省七校高考适应性考试）A couplet writer may show his feelings means of describing the scenery or expressing his wishes in his works.解析： 考查介词。此处表示“借助于”，故用介词by构成by means of ”借助手 段”短语。答案：by7. （2021陕西省重点中学）The United Nations invites each person of any age, plus every classroom, business and government to join celebration of the International Day ofHappiness.解析： 考查介词。联合国邀请每个年龄层的人以及每个教室、企业和政府一道庆祝国 际幸福日。in celebration of ”庆祝”。答案：in8. （2021 昆明市 “三诊一模"）The stores also allow plastic collectors to use the money （hey earn to pay health care or school.解析： 考查介词。payforsth. "为付款”是固定用法，所以填介词for。答案：for