史记河渠书拼音版.docx

八书河渠书xia shu yue yu yl hdng shui shf san nidn guo jia bu ru men lu xf ng zdi che夏书日：禹抑洪水十三年，过家不入门。陆行载车，shui xing zdi zhdu ni xing ddo cui shdn xing ji qiao yl bid jiu zhou sui shan jiin chuan ran水行载舟，泥行蹈羹，山行即桥。以别九州，随山浚川，任tu zud gdng tong jiu dao bci jiu ze du jiu shan ran h6 zai ydn yi hai zhong gu6 yd土作贡。通九道，陂九泽，度九山。然河灾衍溢，害中国也y6u shen wei shi wci wu gii duo he zl ji shi li 16n9 men ndn dao hud yind6n9 xia di尤甚。唯是为务。故道河自积石历龙门，南到华阴，东下砥zhu jf mGng jin Iu4zhl yO dd pi yO shi yo yl wei hd sud c6n9 Idi zhe goo柱，及孟津、雒讷，至于大邳。于是禹以为河所从来者高，shui tu<m hdn non yl xfngping di shii wei bdi ndi si Z qU yl yin qi h。 Zi zdi zhl 水湍悍，难以行平地，数为败，乃厮二渠以引其河。北载之goo di gud jidng shui zhl yd dd lu bo wei jia h6 Mng wci ni h6 rO yii hdi高地，过降水，至于大陆，播为九河，同为逆河，入于勃海。jio chuon jl shu 沁 ji w zhu xid di dn 96ng shi yii son doi九川既疏，九泽既洒，诸夏艾安，功施于三代。z shi zhl hdu xlngying xid yin hd dong ndn wdi h6n9 gnuyl t&ng sdng zhdng chGn自是之后，荥阳下引河东南为鸿沟，以通宋、关B、陈、cdi cd。 w6i yO ji rO hu6i si hui yu cho xi long z6 tong qu hdn shut 蔡、曹、卫，与济、汝、淮、泗会。于楚，西方则通渠汉水、yiin meng zhl y0 dftng fdng z6 tdng gftu jldng hu6i zhl jidn yii wxi zg tdng qu son jldng wfi he云梦之野，东方则通沟江淮之间。于吴，则通渠三江、五湖。yu qitong ji zhi jian yu shu shu sh6ubing zdo h dui pi md shut zhi hai于齐，则通蓄济之间。于蜀，蜀守冰凿离碓，辟沫水之害，chuan er jiangCheng du zhi zh6ngCi qu jie kd xing zhdu ydu yu Ze ydng gai bdi xingxidng qf穿二江成都之中。此渠皆可行舟，有余则用溉，百姓飨其11 zhi yu su6 gud wdngwdng yin qi shut yl ydng gi tidn ch6u zhi qu yi wan yl jl rdn利。至于所过，往往引其水益用溉田畴之渠，以万亿计，然m3 zo shu yo莫足数也。xi men bco yin zhangshui gai ye yi fu wei zhi hd nei西门豹引漳水溉邺，以富魏之河内。4r hdn w6n qfn zhi hfio xing shi yu ba zhi wu hng dong fa ndi shi shut gongzheng gud而韩闻秦之好兴事，欲罢之，毋令东伐，乃使水工郑国jian shud qin ling zao Jing shui Zi zhong shan Xi di hu kdU Wei qu bi ng bi shan (Jong Zhu lud san间说秦，令凿泾水自中山西邸瓠口为渠，并北山东注洛三bdi yii 11 yu yi gdi tian zhdng zuo 0r ju6 qfn yii sha zheng gurt zheng gu6 yueshl百余里，欲以溉田。中作而觉，秦欲杀郑国。郑国日：“始chdn wei jian ran qu ch6ng yi qin zhi li yf qin yi wei rdn cii shf jiii qu qu jiu臣为间，然渠成亦秦之利也。”秦以为然，卒使就渠。渠就y6ny zhu tian 占 zhi shui gai z6 lu zhi di si wan yii qing shdu jie mu yi zhdng yii shl gudn 用注填阑之水，溉泽卤之地四万余顷，收皆亩一钟。于是关zhonij wci wC>wu xidnij nian qin yi fu qidng cu bins zhu h6uyin mln<j yue zhenjj au6 qu中为沃野，无凶年，秦以富强，卒并诸侯，因命日郑国渠。han xing san shi g nian xiao wen shi h6 jue suan zdo dong kui jin di yii shi dong jun汉兴三十九年，孝文时河决酸枣，东溃金堤，于是东郡da Xing Cu Sai zhi王、/一玄彝oq（ hou si shf yw yii nidn jin tldn zl yungudng zhi zh6nger h。jui yii hu zi其后四十有余年，今天子元光之中，而河决于瓠子，dong nan zhu ju ye tong yii hud si yu shi tian zl shl jf dn zhengdang shi xing r6n W东南注能野，通于淮、泗。于是天子使汲黯、郑当时兴人徒Sai zhi zhd fu huai shi shi wu an h6u tian fdn Wei chengxiang qi feng yi shi塞之，辄复坏。是时武安侯田勖怙n为丞相，其奉邑食郁。ju hd bC'i hG ju0 r ndn z。 wu shut zai yi shdu dud fdn ydn yu shany yuc-郁居河北，河决而南则郁无水灾，邑收多。勖言于上日：jidng hd zhi ju。 jid tidn shl wei y yi rdn li wc-i qidng sdi sd zhT wi-i bi yin<）tidn“江河之决皆天事，未易以人力为强塞，塞之未必应天。”Z wdng ql ybng shu zhe yl yi w6i rdn yO shl tion zl jid zhi bii shi fa sdi yd而望气用数者亦以为然。于是天子久之不事复塞也。shl shi zhi-ngdany shi w6i do n6ng yan yu。 yi shi guan dona 8。su 06n9 wi-i zhongshang 是时郑当时为大农，言日异时关东漕粟从渭中上，dCi lid yud dr bd dr cdo shui ddo jiQ bdi yU II shl ydu rk>n chii yin wti chudn qO qi度六月而罢，而漕水道九百余里，时有难处。引渭穿渠起chdng on bi ng ndn shon xid zhi hd son bdi yii II jlng yi 060 du k? hng son yu。bd 长安，并南山下，至河三百余里，径，易漕，度可令三月罢；6r qu xid min ti6n won yii qing ydu ke 出 yl gdi tian ci siin co shfng cu dr yi Mi gudn 而渠下民田万余顷，又可得以溉田：此损漕省卒，而益肥关zhftng zhi di d6 gatian zl yi wM ran ling qf r6n shut gftng xu b6 bid。 xi fa cii中之地，得谷。”天子以为然，令齐人水工徐伯表，悉发卒shu wan rdn chuan cdo qu san sui 4r tong tong yi cdo da bian h qi hdu cdo shao数万人穿漕渠，三岁而通。通，以漕，大便利。其后漕稍duo dr qu xid zhi min p6 do yi gai tian yi多，而渠下之民颇得以溉田矣。qf hou hd dong sh<5u fan Xi ydncoo C6ng Shandong Xi sui bdi yu wan Shi geng df其后河东守番系言：“漕从山东西，岁百余万石，更砥zhu zhi xian bai wangshen duo er yi fan fei chuan qu yin f6n gai pi shi （6n yin xio柱之限，败亡甚多，而亦烦费。穿渠引汾溉皮氏、汾阴下，yin h6 gai f（?n yin pu bn xia du k§ de wu qian qm< wu qian qing gu jin he qi di引河溉汾阴、蒲坂下，度可得五千顷。五千顷故尽河埋乔地,min jiao mil qi zh6n9 dr jin gdi tian zhi dii kc* de 的 dr bdi wan shi yl shang gu c6ng 民菱牧其中耳，今溉田之，度可得谷二百万石以上。谷从wei shdng yO guunzhong wu yl dr di zhCi zhi ck>ng k。wu fCi cdo tiun zl yl wei rdn渭上，与关中无异，而砥柱之东可无复漕。”天子以为然，fo cu shu wdn rcn zud qO lion shii sul hd yf xl qd bo 11 zd tidn zhe bii ndngcMng发卒数万人作渠田。数岁，河移徙，渠不利，则田者不能偿zhftng jlo zhi h6 dong q。tidn 怙iyO yud rdn ling shfio fa yl wdi shoo nj种。久之，河东渠田废，予越人，令少府以为稍入。qi hGu mn ybu shdn9 shei yu tong bao xid ddo ji Cao shl xia yti shi du fu zh«n<）tang其后人有上书欲通褒斜道及漕事，下御史大夫张汤。tong win qi shi yin ydndi sho 8n9 虱 dtio gii d6o duc> bcm hui yuan jin chuan bfio汤问其事，因言：“抵蜀从故道，故道多坂，回远。今穿褒xic ddo shoo bon jin si Zi II er boo shut tong mion xie shui tong w6i jie k。 yl xtng 斜道，少坂，近四百里；而褒水通沔，斜水通渭，皆可以行chudn ”>0cdo c6ng non ydngshdngmidn rd boo boo zhi juG shut zhi xid jidn bci yu 11 yl船漕。漕从南阳上沔入褒，褒之绝水至斜，间百余里，以che zhudn ertng xi© xio xia wei rii ci han zhong zhi gQ zhi ShandongC6ng midn wti xion车转，从斜下下渭。如此，汉中之谷可致，山东从沔无限，bian ytidi zhu zhi cdoqid bao xid edimu zhu jian zhi rao ni yii ba shutianzl yi便于砥柱之漕。且褒斜材木竹箭之饶，拟于巴蜀。”天子以wei ranbai tan» ziwei han zhdnushdu fa shu wan r0n zud bco xid dao wubdi yii II dao为然，拜汤子卬为汉中守，发数万人作褒斜道五百余里。道oud bidn jin dr shui tuon shi bii kt- cdo果便近，而水湍石，不可漕。qi hdu zhuanqxidnfi pi yantin jin min yuanchuan lud yl gai zhdngquan yi dc>ng wan yu qing其后庄熊黑言：“临晋民愿穿洛以溉重泉以东万余顷gu lu di chdng de shui kd ling mu shi shiyu shi w6i fa cu wan yu ran chuan qu故卤地。诚得水，可令亩十石。”于是为发卒万余人穿渠，zl zheng yin lud shui zhi shong ydn shdn xia dn shdnbin<j ndi zdo j【ng shen zhe si shi yii zhdng自征引洛水至商颜山下。岸善崩，乃凿井，深者四十余丈。wdnywdng wei jing jiny xid xiantjtdnfl xing shui shui tui yi ju6 shann ydn d<5n$j zhi shan Hn<j shi yO 11往往为井，井下相通行水。水颓以绝商颜，东至山岭十余里jian jing qil zhi sheng zl cl shi chuon qU long gO gii ming yud I6ng sht>u q。 zm'> zhi 间。井渠之生自此始。穿渠得龙骨，故名曰龙首渠。作之shi yo sui q。 po tong y6u wM dd qi rto十余岁，渠颇通，犹未得其饶。zi he ju。hu zi hou dr shf yu sui sui yin yi shu bu deng dr lidng ctw zhi di y6u自河决瓠子后二十余岁，岁因以数不登，而梁楚之地尤shen tian zi ji feng shan xiin ji shanchuan qf mi ng nidn han gan feng shdo yu tian zi ndi甚。天子既封禅巡祭山川，其明年，旱，干封少雨。天子乃shi ji ren gud chanq fa cii shii wan ren sai hu zi ju。 yu shi tian zi yi ydng shi wan II 使汲仁、郭昌发卒数万人塞瓠子决。于是天子已用事万里sha z。hdi zl lin juG he* shGn bai md yti bi yu hd ling qun chcncdnggudn zi jidng jun yi 沙，则还自临决河，沈白马玉璧于河，令群臣从官自将军已xid jie fii xln jut1 h。 shi shi dong jOn shuo coo yi gii xin chdi sh6o 6r xi6 qi yuan zhi 下皆负薪寞决河。是时东郡烧草，以故薪柴少，而下淇园之zho yi wei jidn竹以为椎。tian Zi ji If n hd jud daO flong zhi bu chenn ndi zu6 ge yuehu zi ju6 Xi jiang天子既临河决，悼功之不成，乃作歌日：“瓠子决兮将ndi h6non 96n XT 10 dan wei h6 dan wei he xl dl bu d<- ning 96n9 wii yi shi奈何？皓皓阡阡兮闾弹为河！弹为河兮地不得宁，功无已时xl wU shonplng wii shonpfng xl jCi yv yl 网 健i yii xl boi ding rl ydn ddo chi xl If 兮吾山平。吾山平兮镇野溢，鱼沸郁兮柏冬日。延道弛兮离chong Iio jiao I6ng cheng xi fong yuon y4u gui jio chuan xi sh<?n zai pGi bii feng shdn xl an zhi常流，蛟龙骋兮方远游。归旧川兮神哉沛，不封禅兮安知wdi vvdi wd wdi h6 brt xl hd bu Mn fdn Ion bu zhi xi chw wii rann论 sang fu xf hudi外!为我谓河伯兮何不仁，泛滥不止兮愁吾人!啮桑浮兮淮、si mdn jia bu fan xi shut wsi huAn yi yueh£ shangshang xi ji ch6nb祈 du泗满，久不反兮水维缓。”一日："河汤汤兮激潺漫，北渡wu xi jun liu nanqianzhdng jiao xi shdn mdi yu h© b6 xu xi xin bu shu xin bii shu xi污兮浚流难。搴长菱兮沈美玉，河伯许兮薪不属。薪不属兮wei rdn zui shao xiao tido xi yi hu hd yi yu shui tui Ifn zhu xi jian shi zai xuan fdng sai卫人罪，烧萧条兮噫乎何以御水！颓林竹兮犍石灾，宣房塞xi won fo Idiyu shi cii sdi hii zi zhii 90ng ql shany ming yu。xuen f6ng 96nq 6r duo兮万福来。”于是卒塞瓠子，筑宫其上，名日宣房宫。而道hd bei Xing dr qU fii y0 jiii jl 6r lidng cho zhi di f£i nfng wo shul zdi河北行二渠，复禹旧迹，而梁、楚之地复宁，无水灾。zi shi zhi hdu ydng shi zhd zheng ydn shui li shud fang xi hd he xi jiu quan自是之后，用事者争言水利。朔方、西河、河西、酒泉jio yin h6 ji chuan 9。 yl gdi tidn <?r guanzhdng fa qu lfnij zhi yin do shui rQ ndn 皆引河及川谷以溉田；而关中辅渠、灵软引堵水；汝南、jio jidn<j yin hudi ddng hdi yin jii ding tdi shdn xid yin win shui jic chudn qO wei gdi tidn九江引淮；东海引钳定；泰山下引汶水：皆穿渠为溉田，彝 wdn yu qing tu6 xioo qd pi shon xin ddo zhd bii kv shi-ng ydn rdn ql zhu zhd zdi xudn 各万余顷。佗小渠披山信道者，不可胜言。然其著者在宣fdng房。tai shl gong yuo yu ndn deng lu shan guan yii Shu jiu jlang suf zhi yu hui ji tai hu6ng太史公曰：余南登庐山，观禹疏九江,遂至于会稽太涅,日济版澈Xing行日济版澈Xing行Shang gu Su Wang Wu hii dong kui lUoda pi ying上姑苏，望五湖；东窥洛泗、大邳，迎河,lud Iu6 qu xi zhan shu zhi mfn shan ji li dui bei zi 16n9 men zhi yu shud tang yue shin涅洛渠；西瞻蜀之岷山及离碓；北自龙门至于朔方。曰：甚zai shui zhi wei 11 hai yd yu c6ng fu xin sdi xuan farm bei hu zi zhi shl Ct zuu哉，水之为利害也！余从负薪塞宣房，悲瓠子之诗而作he qu sha河渠书o