名校卷 浙江省台州市书生中学2022-2023学年高二上学期起始考英语试卷(含解析).docx

台州市书生中学高二英语起始考试卷 （本卷总分值：100分考试时间：120分钟） 一.阅读理解（共18小题；每题2.5分，总分值45分）ATips for avoiding traffic jamsThe radio has more than just music. Check the local news station for the latest traffic report. Or go online and check traffic cameras before you set out. If there is a jam, you'll be prepared and can try another route.Take the road less travelled. Although highways may be the most direct route, back （偏僻的）roads can be much less crowded, which can save you from the frustration of the stop-and-go traffic.Rush hour isn't just a lovely nickname. It means the morning and afternoon traffic lasts fbr several hours, but they're still called "rush hour“ for a reason everyone's on the road and in a hurry to get somewhere. Treat rush hour like bad weather - if you don't have to go anywhere, stay off the roads.Tips for those unavoidable traffic jamsDon't break the law. You've gone 30 feet in 30 minutes and all of a sudden you see people using the shoulders （紧急停车道）.Don't behave like them. Not only is this illegal, but also there's a good chance they'll get caught or cause even more problems.Pay extra attention to zig-zaggers （Z 字形彳亍进者）.When some people are anxious, they may start changing lanes （车道）every 5 seconds or cut you off. Keep checking your windows and mirrors for these lane changers.Look for an escape. If it is possible to exit the road safely, do it. Use a GPS unit, and you can change your route mid-trip if needed.Be courteous. Good manners could help you avoid a possible accident. Allow people in from a lane that is ending. Speeding up to keep them out increases your chances of an accident.1. To avoid traffic jams, we are advised to do the following EXCEPT.A. getting traffic news before leavingB. changing lanes frequentlyC. avoiding rush hoursD. choosing back roads2. What should we do when there are zig-zaggers?A. Sound the horn loudly.B. Stop and let them go first.C. Keep checking the mirrors.D. Drive quickly to keep them out.3. In which part of a magazine can this passage be found?A. Entertainment.B. Advertisement.C. Market. D. Life.细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “It's very hard to leave them out fbr long periods without a human helping them. ” 可知，如果没有人类的帮助，很难让它们长时间独立地在农场上工作。因此Jonathan Rogers认为大多数农 场机器人在工作中都在很大程度上需要依赖于人。应选C。【17题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的 “But he says he admires Tarzan for its using swinging movement to save energy and the idea of building a wire structure to move around above crops.v 可矢口， Mark Spong 赞扬 Tarzan 利用摇摆 运动来节省能源以及建造铁丝网结构以在农作物上方移动的想法，这些是Tarzan所独有的。由此判断出 Tarzan最吸引Mark Spong的是该款机器人的创意设计。应选Co【18题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “ Rogers first predicted that Tarzan could help farmers monitor crops with sensors and cameras. But he also said future robots might take water to a particularly thirsty plant or fertilize one that needs nutritional support. And adding a third "hand” could allow such a robot to harvest fruits and vegetables. Finally the robot could move off the farm and into the city, helping deal with the traffic and security.v 口J 矢口, Rogers 预测 Tarzan 可以帮助农民使用传感器和照相机监控农作物。但是他还说，未来的机器人可能会把水带到特别缺水的植 物，或者给需要营养支持的植物施肥。加上第三只“手”可以使这种机器人收获水果和蔬菜。最终，机器人 可以从农场来到城市，帮助应对交通和安全问题。因此可推断出，在Jonathan Rogers看来Tarzan在将来会 有更多的实际用途。应选B。二、七选五（共5小题;每题2分，总分值10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项 为多余选项。The Slow Food Movement started in Rome, Italy in 1986. When a new McDonalds was opening near a beautiful historic place, some people stood outside the restaurant and shouted, "We do not want fast food, we want slow food!"This event wasn't the only thing that started the Slow Food Movement. 19 But the food didn't taste the same as he remembered. He learned that the peppers were shipped from abroad because the prices were low. This deeply concerned Carlo.Carlo wanted people to care about where their foods came from and how their foods made their culture special. So he started a group to encourage this idea. It soon became the Slow Food Movement. 20 First, what is good food? Good food is fresh. The vegetables are eaten close to the place where they are grown. The fish hasn't been sitting for days before it is eaten. Good food is seasonable. 21 Good food satisfies the senses. It should look good, smell good and taste good. And finally, good food is cultural food. Each country has special foods that make it different.Second, food should be clean. Today, there are great concerns about the way people grow and produce food. Farmers use chemicals to kill insects and feed plants. But the chemicals can also harm the natural environment around farms. 22 Clean food means food that does not harm our bodies or the environment.And third, food should be fair. 23 All people should be able to purchase healthy food. The people who grow and make food should be paid fairly for their work. They should work in safe, healthy conditions.A. Food should not cost too much money.B. Its goal is to have good, clean, fair food for all people.C. Over time, they can cause health problems in people too.D. That was how the Slow Food Movement got rid of fast food.E. It should be grown at the best time of the year for that food.F. Today the Slow Food Movement has already expanded out of Italy.G. One day Carlo Petrini went to a restaurant to eat a traditional meal.【答案】19.G20. B 21. E 22. C 23. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述慢食运动的起源以及什么是好食物。【19题详解】由后一句"But the food didn't taste the same as he remembered.可知，但是这个食物尝起来和他所记得的并 不一样。选项 G One day Carlo Petrini went to a restaurant to eat a traditional meal/?表达的是有一天，卡洛 尔佩特里尼去餐馆吃一种传统食物。选项G中的uCarlo Petrini"是后一句中he指代的人物，“eat a traditional meal.v 和后一句中的 “the food didn't taste” 相呼应。应选 G。【20题详解】由空格前一句 uIt soon became the Slow Food Movement.,第四段的第二句 "Good food is fresh.” ,第五 段的第一句 uSecond, food should be clean.,第六段的第一句 And third, food should be fair.可知，它很 快就成为了慢食运动。好的食物是新鲜的。第二，食物应该是干净的。第三，食物应该是平等的。选项 B “Its goal is to have good, clean, fair food for all people.”表达的是它的目标是让所有人有好的，干净的，平 等的食物。选项B中的“Its”指代的是前一句中的“the Slow Food Movement"，承接了上一句，选项B 中的“have good, clean, fair food for all people.v 和后文的 “Good food is fresh.” “Second, food should be clean.” “And third, food should be fair.”之间相呼应，启示下文，起到了承上启下的作用。应选B。21题详解】由空格前一句"Good food is seasonable.”可知，好的食物是季节性的。选项E should be grown at the best time of the year for that food.v表达的是应该是在一年中最正确时机去种植食物。选项E中的“grown at the best time of the year?和前一句中的 “seasonable” 相呼应。应选 E。【22题详解】由空格前一句 "But the chemicals can also harm the natural environment around farms. ” 可知，但是化学物质 也会对农场周围的自然环境造成伤害。选项C “Over time, they can cause health problems in people too.”表 达的是随着时间过去，它们可能也会引发人们的健康问题。选项C中的“they”是对前一句中的“the chemicals” 的指代，cause health problems 和前一句中的 “harm the natural environment” 相呼应。应选 Co【23题详解】 由空格后一句"All people should be able to purchase healthy food.”可知，所有的人都能够购买健康食物。选项A "Food should not cost too much money.”表达的是食物不应该花费太多钱。选项A中的“should not cost too much money,和后一句中的“be able to purchase”之间相呼应，后一句是对选项A的进一步描 述。应选A。三完形填空（共20小题：每题L5分，总分值30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。A Welcome GiftDario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them 24 side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud 25 filled the room and made them feel very happy.The next morning, 26. their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 27 under their doorduring the night. One of their neighbors had written to complain about the sound of the piano. Dario's mother asked the building superintendent（管理员）if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all 28 people and he couldn't imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 29 and apologize for their playing.“Maybe we could go and 30 everyone in person." his mother said.“What if we invited them to come here fbr a 31 instead?” Dario asked.They both loved the 32. Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts33 their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers（彩带）and party lights.Finally, the day ofthe party 34. Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to35 One woman, Mrs. Gilbert,36 Dario9s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.“I heard you playing the other night,“ she said. "The sounds woke me out of bed. I 37 that youmight play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don't think I disliked the playing.”Dario's mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. "I think maybe we 38 you an apology." she said. "I didn't39 how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.”“You play you play!” Mrs. Gilbert said. "I like what you play! Just not so loud at night., She pointed to thebook she had given them. "These songs are not such 40 music.”“These songs are beautiful music." Dario9s mother said. “We will be 41 to play them in theevening.“And we won't play so loud or late! Dario said. He was already looking forward to 42 the newmusic. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother's face. It gave him a feeling of43 and made him feel that they were home at last.24. A. satB. stoodC. layD. walked25. A. voiceB. ringC. musicD. cry26. A. thereforeB. howeverC. otherwiseD. instead27. A. noteB. posterC. billD. report28. A. proudB. richC. luckyD. nice29. A. neighborsB. friendsC. relativesD. audience30. A. blameB. instructC. questionD. visit31. A. partyB. concertC. showD. play32. A. experienceB. ideaC. performanceD. action33. A. toB. withC. forD. from34. A. continuedB. arrivedC. passedD. finished35. A. orderB. sellC. shareD. advertise36. A. treatedB. presentedC. helpedD.served37. A. promisedB. admittedC. agreedD. worried38. A. giveB.sendC. offerD. owe39. A. realizeB. rememberC. understandD. accept40. A. sweet B.strangeC. funnyD. loud41. A. braveB. sorryC. happyD. afraid42. A. changingB. practicingC. recordingD. writing43. A. equalityB. freedomC. warmthD. sympathy【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B27. A 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C34.B 35. C 36. B 37. D 38. D 39. A 40. D 41. C 42. B 43. C【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了有一对喜欢弹奏钢琴的母子搬到了新公寓，有一天晚上他们弹奏到很 晚，影响到其他邻居，他们感觉到抱歉，所以办了一个聚会邀请邻居，这受到大家的欢迎。【24题详解】此题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：Dario和妈妈并排坐在钢琴旁。A. sat坐；B. stood站；Clay躺；D. walked走路。根据空后的side by side at the piano可知，他们应该是坐在钢琴旁边弹奏。应选A。25题详解】此题考查语境判断之原词复现。句意：吵闹的音乐充满了整个房间。A. voice声音；B. ring铃声；C. music 音乐;D.cry哭泣。根据上文中的They played jazz music可知，这里应该是吵闹的音乐(music)充满了整 个房间。应选C。【26题详解】此题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：然而第二天幸福消失了。A. therefore所以；B.however然而；C.otherwise 否那么；D. instead 而不是。根据上文中的 made them feel very happy 以及空后的 their happiness disappeared可知，此处应为转折关系。应选B。【27题详解】此题考查语境判断之原词复现。句意：有人晚上在他们的门下面留有一张纸条。A. note纸条；B. poster海 报；C. bill 账单；D. report 报告。根据下文中的 One of their neighbors had written to complain about the sound of the piano可知，这里指一张便条。应选A。【28题详解】此题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：他们人都非常好。A. proud骄傲的；B. rich富有的；C.lucky幸运 的；D. nice好的。根据下文中的he couldn't imagine any of them had done that可知，主人公想向管理员咨 询，哪一位邻居可能是那位留言的抱怨者，可管理者也并不能指出，大家通常都是通情达理的。应选D。【29题详解】此题考查语境判断之同义转化。句意：Dario建议给邻居写一封抱歉信。由上文邻居抱怨钢琴的声音可知，这里是向邻居抱歉。应选A。30题详解】此题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：也许我们可以一个一个的去拜访他们。A. blame责备；B. instruct指 导；C. question质疑；D. visit拜访。根据we could go和in person可知，这里是表示拜访每一个人。应选 Do31题详解】 此题考查语境判断之原词复现。句意：办一个聚会邀请邻居们参加怎么样。A. party聚会；B. concert音乐 会；C. show展示；D. play玩。根据下文中的party lights和the day of the party可知,他们是想邀请邻居举 办一个聚会。应选A。【32题详解】此题考查词义判断之词义辨析。句意：他们都喜欢办聚会这个想法。A. experience经历；B. idea观点，想 法；C. performance表演；D. action行动。母子打算办派对，这是一个打算，一个主意，而不是经历、表演 表现或行为。应选B。33题详解】此题考查词义判断之词义辨析。句意：他们发送邀请，并准备了甜点。prepare sb for sth是固定搭配，意为 “为某人准备某物”，这里指母子办派对，为招待客人们准备了甜点。应选C。【34题详解】此题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：聚会的这一天到了。A. continued继续；B. arrived到达；C. passed 通过；D.finished完成。根据上文中的Some guests brought presents可知I,他们想举办的聚会，这一天终于 到来了。应选B。【35题详解】此题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：一些邻居带了甜点来提供。A. order点餐，命令；B. sell卖；C.share提供；D.advertise做广告。根据语境，因为是参加聚会，所以一些邻居带了甜点来提供。应选C。【36题详解】此题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：Mrs. Gilbert送给他的妈妈一本肖邦的音乐书。A. treated对待；B. presented赠送;C.helped帮助;D. served服务。Mrs. Gilbert送给了 Dario的妈妈一本音乐书,应选B。【37题详解】此题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我担忧你可能每天晚上都会这样弹奏。A. promised许诺；B.admitted 成认；C. agreed 同意；D. worried 担忧。根据下文中的 You might play like this every night 可知,这 里应该是Mrs. Gilbert当时很担忧每天晚上都会这么吵。应选D。【38题详解】此题考查词义判断之词义辨析。句意：我觉得我们应该欠你一个抱歉。A. give给；B. send发送；C. offer 提供；D.owe欠。owe sb sth意为“感激，欠某人”，这个空可以看作是固定搭配，owesb. anapology意为“应该向某人抱歉"。应选D。【39题详解】此题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我们弹得时候没有意识到这么晚了。A. realize意识到；B. remember 记得；C.understand理解；D.accept接受。根据上下文内容可知，这里表示Dario的妈妈抱歉说：“我也 没意识到当时那么晚了我们还在弹钢琴。”应选A。【40题详解】此题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这些音乐不是大声的音乐。A. sweet甜蜜的；B.strange奇怪的；C. funny 有趣的；D. loud 大声的。根据上一句 I like what you play!Just not so loud at night.可知，Mrs. Gilbert 不喜欢那么吵的音乐，因此她送了 Dario的妈妈一本比拟安静的音乐书，也就是不那么吵的音乐(not such loud music)。应选 D。41题详解】此题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我们很开心在晚上弹奏。A. brave勇敢的；B.sorry抱歉;C. happy 高兴的；D. afraid害怕。根据上文These songs are beautiful music可'知，Dario的妈妈很喜欢这些音乐，所 以他们应该是很高兴在晚上弹奏。应选C。【42题详解】此题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：他总是期待练习新的音乐。A. changing改变；B.practicing练习；C. recording记录；D.writing写。根据语境可知，因为是新音乐，所以Dario很期盼练习音乐。应选B。【43题详解】此题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这使他充满温暖感。A. equality平等；B. freedom自由；C. warmth 温暖；D. sympathy同情。根据下文中的made him feel that they were home at last可知，他们融入了新的生 活，应该有温暖的感觉。应选C。【点睛】易错分析：The loud 2 filled the room and made them feel very happy.2. A. voice B. ring C. music D. cry此题容易误选A项voice,但voice是指“嗓音；说话声；歌唱声”，但根据上文内容可知，是指弹奏出来 的爵士乐声，所以应该选C。四、语法填空(共10小题：每题L5分，总分值15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Fourteen years ago, Wu Jingxun started visiting the Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture (自治区)，Sichuan Province. 44 his surprise, the volunteer found not a single book was in any family in a village. There were only several magazines 45 (leave) by tourists in the local primary school.“There 46 (be) no other reading material besides those magazines 47 covers had been worn out J recalls Wu.After that, Wu donated many books, including picture books that won the Caldecott Medal, to the primary school. One year 48 (late), when he revisited the school, he was shocked to find the children's favoritebooks were Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf and Boonie Bears.“That showed children in the village were not 49 (interest) in reading and didn't know how. Even if you offered them great books, they just went through the picture books without gaining any 50 (impress)/9 Wu says. "If they can take up reading as 51 habit, they can benefit more. They can read in their free time rather than watching TikTok on their phones.”By now, thousands of books 52 (donate) to the Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture to promote reading and to teach children how to read, 53 (particular) in poor villages.【答案】44. To 45. left46. was47. whose48. later49. interestedimpression50. a 52. have been donated53. particularly【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了吴敬勋为四川省凉山彝族自治州的孩子们所作出的贡献。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：令志愿者惊讶的是，他发现在一个村庄的任何一个家庭里都没有一本书