考研英语语法考点详解连词辨析（and与or）.docx

考研英语语法考点详解连词辨析（and 与 or）1.连接并列成分且表示"和"之意时，and通常用于肯定句，or通常用于否定句；如果句中并列连词所连接的两个结构都是否定结构，用and而不用or。例如： Do it slowly and carefully.要慢慢仔细地做。 Can he read and write?他能读会写吗？ Fve got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.我厌倦了透过肮脏的窗帘和满是灰 尘的窗户看大自然。 He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain.他没有 食物和水，非常痛苦。 He can't read or write.他不会读，不会写。 There is no water and no air on the moon.月球上没有水和空 气。2.or可用于表选择，意为或者，还是，而and无此用法。例如: Is your sister older or younger than you?你的姐妹比你大还是小？It can be black, white or grey.它可能是黑的、白的或灰的。3.or可用于两个数字之间，表示大约”，而and无此用法。例如： There were six or seven of us there.我们约有六、七个人在场。 For three years, I have had very bad headaches about three or four times a month.三年来,我每个月都会严重头痛三 四次。 I'll present it to you in one or two days.一两天后我会把它提 交给你。4.“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型中，and表顺承，可译为“就"， 此时祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句;or表示以祈使句为条件的相 反假设,意为“否则，要不然"，可用or else或otherwise替换, 此时祈使句相当于if.not引导的条件状语从句。例如： Take more exercise and you will feel healthy = If you take more exercise, you will feel healthy.多锻炼身体，你就会身体健 康。 Be careful or you 1 II make more mistakes. = If you are not careful, you' II make more mistakes.细4点,不然你 会犯更多的错误。l.as well as连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的形式习惯上要与 as well as前的主语保持一致，即“就远一致"原则。例如：The teacher, as well as his students , is to attend ourdiscussion.这个老师和他的学生们将参力哦们的讨论。 I, as well as my parents, am very glad to see them.我和我父 母很高兴见到他们。2.not only.but a Is。连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的形式 通常要与but also后的主语保持一致，即“就近一致"原则。例如： Not only his parents but also he has been to Tianjin.不仅他 的父母而且他也去过天津。 Not noly he but also we are very glad to see the actor.不仅 他而且我们也非常高兴见到这个男演员。l.both.and连接两个并列主语时，意为"两者都”，表示全部肯定， 谓语动词常用复数形式。例如： Both his mother and his father are teachers.他父母二人者B 是老师。 Both Beijing and Tianjin have traffic problems.北京和天津 都存在交通问题。2.neither.mor连接两个并列主语时，意为“两者都不，表示全部 否定；谓语动词的形式与nor后的主语保持一致，即遵守“就近一致” 原则。例如： Neither his mother nor his father is a tea ch er.他父母都不是 老师。 Neither I nor my sister likes playing basketball.我和我妹妹 都不喜欢打篮球。根据连词在句中所起的作用，连词可以分为并列连词（用以连接并列的 单词、短语或句子的连词）和从属连词（用以引导从句的连词）。从属 连词分为引导名词性从句（包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位 语从句）的从属连词和引导副词性从句（状语从句）的从属连词。引导 比较状语从句的从属连词介绍如下：2.as引导的比较状语从句as用于“as+形容词福。词原级+as+从句”结构，其中前一个as是副 词，后一个as是连词意为“和一样”；例如： Run as fast as you can.你尽量快跑。 There are as many books in your bag as there are in my bag. 你书包里的书和我书包里的一样多。 He speaks Chinese as well as you do.他汉语说得和你一样好。根据连词在句中所起的作用，连词可以分为并列连词（用以连接并列的 单词、短语或句子的连词）和从属连词（用以引导从句的连词）。从属 连词分为引导名词性从句（包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）的从属连词和引导副词性从句（状语从句）的从属连词。弓I导比较状语从句的从属连词介绍如下：l.than引导的比较状语从句than用于“形容词闾词比较级+than+从句”结构，意为"比”"列如： He wished he could have helped her more than he did.他 希望自己当时能更多地帮帮她。 She works harder than he does.她工作比他努力。 He loves me more than you do.他比彳尔更爰我。 It was much better than Fd expected.这比我预料的要好得多。