广东省广州市第一中学2022-2023学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题（解析Word版）.docx

广州市第一中学2022学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题本试卷共8页，满分为130分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项:1 .答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡指定位置上。2 .每题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的选项的信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3 .非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4 .考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。第一部分选择题（共65分）第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节阅读理解（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分375分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AShakespeare Birthplace and Exhibition of Shakespeare WorldWelcome to the world-famous house where William Shakespeare was born in 1564 and where he grew up. The property（房产）remained in the ownership of Shakespeare's family until 1806. The House has welcomed visitors traveling from all over the world for over 250 years.OPENING TIMES:20 Mar to 19 OctMon to Sat: 9:00am to 5:00pmSun: 9:30am to 5:00pm20 Oct to 19 MarMon to Sat: 9:30am to 4:00pmSun: 10:00am to 4:00pm Enter through the Visitors5 Centre and see the highly-praised exhibition Shakespeare's World, a lively and full introduction to the life and work of Shakespeare. Stand in the rooms where Shakespeare grew up. Discover examples of furniture and needlework from Shakespeare period.阅读下面短文，从所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。Les Brown is one of the world's greatest speakers. He is also a thought leader on self-improvement and21.However, Les found it difficult to learn knowledge when he was a 22. During his school days, he wasthought as "23 to learn well" by the teachers and placed 24 from 6th grade to 5th grade. To makethings worse, he had a twin brother who was rather bright and 25、so Les was26by his classmates.One day a teacher asked him to 27 a problem on the blackboard, but Les28and said that hecouldn't "Of course you can,“ the teacher replied 29. “Young man, come here and solve this problem forme.”“But I can't J 30 Les. 'Tm a silly boy”. The rest of the class burst （爆发）into 31, At thatpoint, the teacher stepped out from behind his desk and looked Les straight in the eye. "Don't ever say that again,“ he told him firmly. "Someone else's opinion of you does not have to become your 32Les never 33 those words, and spent the rest of his life facing 34, setting and following hisgoals. Time and time again, thanks to the teacher's powerful words, Les has been famous all over the world. Doremember: you have21. A. problem-solving22. A. student23. A. curious24. A. away25. A. awkward26. A. laughed at27. A. solve28. A. answered29. A. surprisingly30. A. insisted31. A. anger32. A. risk33. A. kept34. A. truth35. A. happiness【答案】2LB 22. AB 32. D 33. C35within you.B. goal-settingB. teacherB. afraidB. forwardB. stupidB. cared aboutB. discussB. refusedB. anxiouslyB. suggestedB. laughterB. spiritB. rememberedB. challengesB. loneliness23. C 24. C34. B 35. DC. money-makingC. speakerC. unableC. backC. naughtyC. knocked downC. faceC. repliedC. angrilyC. liedC. cheersC. regretC. forgotC. opportunitiesC. darkness25. D 26. A 27. AD. job-huntingD. leaderD. eagerD.offD. talentedD. looked intoD.chooseD. acceptedD. encouraginglyD. disagreedD. tearsD. realityD. mindedD. questionsD. greatness28. B 29. D 30【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了美国著名演说家Les Brown的人生历程，他曾经对自己不自信，但是老师的鼓励改变了他。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:在自我完善和目标设定方面，他也是一位思想领袖。A. problem-solving解决 问题；B.goal-setting设立目标；C. money-making赚钱；D.job-hunting找工作。由全文可知,该空涉及确 定目标，与文末“follow his goals”呼应，故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当Les还是个学生的时候，他发现学习知识很困难。A. student学生；B. teacher老师；C.speaker演讲者;D. leader领导。由后文“during his school days”可知为学生时期, 故选Ao【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他上学的时候，老师认为他“学不好”，把他从六年级留级到了五年 级。A. curious好奇的；B. afraid害怕的；C. unable不能的，不会的；D.eager渴望的。结合后文“from 6th grade to 5th grade从六年级到五年级可推断老师认为他学不好，unable to do sth."不能做某事”。故 选C。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在他上学的时候，老师认为他“学不好”，把他从六年级留级到了五年级。 A.away 远离；B. forward 超前；C. back 后退；D. off 脱离。结合后文 “from 6th grade to 5th grade” 可知将 他留级了，place back止匕处表示“留级”。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，Les有一个非常聪明有才华的季生兄弟，所以他被同学们嘲 笑。A. awkward尴尬的;B. stupid愚蠢的；C.naughty淘气的；D.talented有才能的。该处应与bright并 列，表示Les的兄弟“聪明有才能"，与Les形成鲜明对比，故选D。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，Les有一个非常聪明有才华的学生兄弟，所以他被同学们嘲笑。 A. laughed at 嘲笑；B. cared about 关心；C. knocked down 拆掉；D. looked into 调查。由前文可知，Les 成 绩差，却有个优秀的哥哥，因此他会受到同学的嘲笑，故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，老师要他解黑板上的一道题，Les拒绝了，说他不会。A. solve解决；B. discuss 讨论；C. face 面对；D. choose 选择。结合后文problem on the blackboard v 可知,老师让 Les去黑板解题，故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，老师要他解黑板上的一道题，Les拒绝了，说他不会。A. answered回 答；B. refused 拒绝；C. replied 回答;D. accepted 接受。由后文 “said that he couldn't” 可知 Les 认为自己 不会，拒绝作答，故选B。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“你当然能解出来。”老师鼓励地说。A. surprisingly惊人地；B. anxiously焦 急地;C.angrily愤怒地;D.encouragingly鼓励地。前文“Of course you can”体现出老师对Les的鼓励, 故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“但我不能，" Les坚持说。A.insisted坚持；B.suggested建议；C.lied撒 谎；D. disagreed不同意。由上文“said that he couldn't”以及“But I can'”可知，Les坚持说自己解不出 来，再次拒绝解题，故选A。31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：班上的其他同学突然大笑起来。A. anger愤怒；B. laughter笑声；C.cheers欢 呼；D.tears眼泪。由上文“Fm a silly boy”可知，班内同学因Les坚持说自己是笨小孩可推断班内同学 哄堂大笑，burst into laughter “突然大笑”。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“别人对你的看法不一定要成为你的现实。" A. risk风险；B. spirit精神；C. regret后悔；D.reality现实。由语境可知，不应该因别人的看法否定真实的自己，故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Les从未忘记这句话，他的余生都在面对挑战，制定并追随自己的目标。A. kept 保持；B. remembered 记得；C. forgot 忘记；D. minded 介意。由后文中 Time and time again, thanks to the teacher's powerful words”可知，Les 一直没有忘记老师的这句话，故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Les从未忘记这句话，他的余生都在面对挑战，制定并追随自己的目标。A. truth 真理；B. challenges 挑战；C. opportunities 机会；D. questions 问题。由前后文语境 “spent the rest of his life facing.setting and following his goalsv 可知,Les 余生面对挑战,追随目标，故选 B。35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一定要记住：你也有伟大之处。A. happiness幸福；B. loneliness寂寞；C. darkness黑暗；D. greatness伟大。根据上文Les的故事可知，只有认可自己，发现自己的伟大 (greatness)之处，才能坚定不移地追随自己的目标，应对挑战。故选D。第二部分非选择题(共65分) 第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。People need transportation to move from one place to another. As time went by, transportation methods improved. Especially after the invention of airplanes, they made travel more convenient and 36 (easy).The airplane 37 (invent) by Orville and Wilbur Wright in 1903.38 first airplane, WrightFlyer I, flew 36.5 meters in 12 seconds. After that, the two brothers kept 39(improve) their airplanes.They 40 (fly) in public in France in 1908, and started taking passengers with them. Ever since, many other people made great efforts to improve and develop airplanes. Thanks to their efforts, airplane technology developed 41(extreme) fast.Today, airplanes have many different42(apply) . People can use airplanes to travel to othercountries, send urgent mails and help people 43danger. They use airplanes to send water, food, medicine,etc. to cities that need help. However, airplanes are not only used in positive ways, 44 they are also used to fight wars.Many things 45 (change) since the invention of the airplane. Airplanes have made travel or transport faster. Airplanes have really changed our lives.【答案】36. easierwas invented37. The 39. improvingflew#flied40. extremelyapplications 43. in44. but 45. have changed【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是飞机的发明的用途。36题详解】考查比较级。句意：特别是在飞机发明之后，它们使旅行更加方便和容易。由前面的“more convenient” 是比较级和“and”表并列可知，空格处是比较级easier,故填easier。【37题详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：飞机是由Orville和Wilbur Wright在1903年发明的。飞机是被发 明，由“in 1903”可知，空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were done,主语“airplane”是单数， 因此空格处是was invented,故填was inventedo【38题详解】考查定冠词。句意：第一架飞机Wright Flyer I在12秒内飞行了 36.5米。"first”是序数词，前面需加定 冠词the,位于句首，首字母大写，故填The。【39题详解】考查固定短语。句意：从那以后，两兄弟不断改进他们的飞机。keep doing sth.是固定短语，意为“保持 做某事”，因此空格处用动名词作宾语，故填improving。【40题详解】考查时态。句意：1908年，它们在法国公开飞行，并开始搭载乘客。由“in 1908”可知，句子时态用一 般过去口寸，空格处用过去式flew/flied,故填flew/flied。【41题详解】考查副词。句意:由于他们的努力，飞机技术发展得非常快。空格处用副词extremely修饰副词fast, extremely 意为“极度地”，故填 extremely。【42题详解】考查名词的数。句意:今天，飞机有许多不同的用途。“many different”后用名词的复数，根据语境可 知，句子表示“飞机有许多不同的用途”，空格处是“用途”，是名词application,复数是applications, 故填 applications o【43题详解】考查固定短语。句意：人们可以使用飞机到其他国家旅行，发送紧急邮件和帮助处于危险中的人。in danger是固定短语，意为“处于危险之中”，因此空格处是介词in,故填in。【44题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：然而，飞机不仅被用于积极的方面，它们也被用于战争。"not onlybut （also）” 是固定搭配，意为“不但而且”，因此空格处是but,故填but。【45题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自从飞机发明以来，许多事情都改变了。由“since”可知，句子时态是现 在完成时，主语“things”是复数，因此空格处是have changed,故填have changed。第三部分写作（共四节，满分50分）第一节完成句子（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）请用必修一前五个单元生词表上单词的正确形式完成下列句子。每空只填一个单词。1.1 1（竞赛）in the winter Olympics, which was my swan song.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】competed【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：我参加了冬奥会，那是我的告别演出。根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。结合汉语提示及句意，故填competed。47. We walked around the campus,（欣赏）the architecture.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】appreciating【解析】【详解】考查非谓语。句意：我们在校园里走来走去，欣赏建筑。叩predate（欣赏）为及物动词；分析句子 可知，本句已有谓语动词walk,所以空处用非谓语。句子主语we和动词appreciate为主谓关系，所以此 处用现在分词作状语。故填appreciating。48. Eddie was one of the most outstanding（运动员）on the team, always very friendly to me.（根据汉语提 示单词拼写）【答案】athletes【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：埃迪是队里最出色的运动员之一，对我总是很友好。根据汉语意思提示可知, 此处为名词athlete “运动员”，满足句意要求，结合。ne of the most+最高级+名词复数形式为固定短语， 此处应为名词复数形式。故填athletes。49. （信心）is the key to success.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】Confidence【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:信心是成功的关键。根据汉语提示可知，confidence “信心”，为不可数名词 作主语，符合题意；句首单词首字母需大写。故填Confidence。50. There is only one thing that people can't take away from youthat is your（智慧）.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】wisdom【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：只有一样东西别人不能从你身边拿走那就是你的智慧。结合句子结构和 汉语提示，名词wisdom符合题意，作表语，不可数。故填wisdom。51. In addition to these（安排），extra policemen will be on duty until midnight.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】arrangements【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：除了这些安排外，额外的警察将值班到午夜。用名词形式在句中作介词t。的 宾语。根据these可知，用名词的复数形式。结合汉语提示及句意，故填arrangements。52. One student commented that she（更喜欢literature to social science.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】preferred【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：一名学生评论说，比起社会科学，她更喜欢文学。根据主句时态可知，用一 般过去时。根据汉语提示及句意，动词prefer “更喜欢”符合句意，作谓语。故填preferred。53. Dozens of buses were completely（毁坏）,which could not be repaired any more. 艮据汉语提示单词 拼写）【答案】destroyed【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：数十辆公共汽车被完全摧毁，无法再修复。名词Dozens of buses与destroy之 间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据汉语提示及句意，故填destroyed。54. The Cat, after（假装）to be blind for so many years, had really lost the sight of both eyes.（根据汉语提 示单词拼写）【答案】pretending【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：The Cat假装瞎了这么多年，真的双目失明了。分析句子可知，空前after为 介词，此处应用pretend的动名词形式作宾语。故填pretending。55. （令人惊喜的是），they worked out how to do this successfully.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】Surprisingly【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们成功地解决了这个问题。用副词形式，在句中作状语， 修饰整个句子。根据汉语提示及句意，故填Surprisingly。第二节选词填空（共15空;每空1分,满分15分）根据短文，选出适当的单词或短语填入短文中的空格内，注意根据上下文判断词形的相应变化。cut out, sweat, failure, injury, shelter, make a difference, effort, focus on, compare with,honour, survive, source, supply, confused, positive, rescue, actually, now and then, trap56 his classmates, Peter was weaker because of an unbalanced diet when he was a teenager. He dreamt of becoming a fireman 57, In order to realize his dream, he made every 58 to strengthenhis body. He also tried to 59 all his bad habits and finally succeeded despite several 60, Afteran earthquake struck a poverty-stricken mountainous area, he and other firefighters buried themselves in 61 those who were 62 in the damaged buildings, delivering 63 such as water and food to the 64 and setting up temporary 65 for people whose home had been lost in the earthquake.In summary, Peter felt it a great 66 to be a fireman to save lives.【答案】56. Compared withnow and then57. effort 59. cut outfailures60. rescuingtrapped61. sourcesinjured62. sheltershonour【解析】【导语本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了 Peter从小就梦想成为一名消防员，他通过自己的努力，终于 实现了自己的梦想。【56题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与他的同学相比，Peter因为青少年时期的不均衡饮食而显得更为瘦弱。根据下 文的“Peter was weaker”可知,这是和其他同学相比。所以选择短语“compare with”，意为“与相比”；分析句子成分可知，空处为状语，和主句主语Peter之间存在被动关系，用过去分词，首字母大 写。故填 Compared witho【57题详解】考查短语。句意：他不时地梦想成为一名消防队员。分析句子成分可知，空处为本句的状语，短语now and then,意为"时不时地"。故填now and then。【58题详解】考查名词。句意：为了实现他的梦想，他竭尽全力锻炼身体。考查短语：make every effort to do sth.,意 为“竭尽全力做某事”。故填effort。【59题详解】考查动词短语。句意：他还努力改掉所有的坏习惯，尽管失败了几次，最后还是成功了。根据空后的 "all his bad habits"可知，Peter是想改掉坏习惯，分析句子成分可知，空处为动词原形，构成短语：try to do sth.,意为“努力做某事"。短语cutout,意为“改掉、去除"。故填cutout。【60题详解】考查名词。句意：他还努力改掉所有的坏习惯，尽管失败了几次，最后还是成功了。根据上文的“finally succeeded,可知空处指的是经过失败最终成功。名词failure,意为“失败”，根据其前的several,可 知，需要名词的复数形式。故填failures。【61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在一场地震袭击了一个贫困山区后，他和其他消防队员埋头抢救被困在受损建 筑中的人，为伤者提供水和食物等物资，并为在地震中失去家园的人搭建临时避难所。分析句子可知， 空处指的是救援被困人员；动词rescue,意为“抢救”；由于空前为介词in,因此用v-ing形式。故填 rescuing o【62题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在一场地震袭击了一个贫困山区后，他和其他消防队员埋头抢救被困在受损建 筑中的人，为伤者提供水和食物等物资，并为在地震中失去家园的人搭建临时避难所。根据空后的“in the damaged buildings"可知，这些人是被困在受损建筑之中。动词trap,意为“困住”；分析句子成分可 知，空处为定语从句谓语动词，和从句主语who （指代先行词those）之间存在被动关系，用一般过去时的 被动语态，trap用过去分词形式。故填trapped。【63题详解】考查名词。句意：在一场地震袭击了一个贫困山区后，他和其他消防队员埋头抢救被困在受损建筑中的 人，为伤者提供水和食物等物资，并为在地震中失去家园的人搭建临时避难所。根据下文的"such as water and food”可知，空处指的是这些物资；名词source,意为“物资；资源”，根据下文可知，用复数 形式。故填sources。【64题详解】考查形容词。句意：在一场地震袭击了一个贫困山区后，他和其他消防队员埋头抢救被困在受损建筑中 的人，为伤者提供水和食物等物资，并为在地震中失去家园的人搭建临时避难所。根据上文内容可知， 这些人是被困在受损建筑之中，还需要消防人员送物资，所以是伤者。单词injure的过去分词injured,可 与the搭配，构成短语：the injured,意为“伤者”。故填injured。【65题详解】考查名词。句意：在一场地震袭击了一个贫困山区后，他和其他消防队员埋头抢救被困在受损建筑中的 人，为伤者提供水和食物等物资，并为在地震中失去家园的人搭建临时避难所。根据下文"forpeople whose home had been lost in the earthquake可知，是为失去家园的人所提供的，所以空处指的是临时居住 的地方。名词shelter,意为“避难所”，符合句意；再根据people可知，为名词复数。故填shelters。【66题详解】考查名词。句意：总而言之，Peter觉得成为一名消防队员是一种极大的荣誉。根据上文内容可知，Peter 一直梦想成为消防员，而他也一直致力于消防工作，所以他感到荣幸。名词honour,意为“荣幸、荣 誉”，符合句意。故填honour。第三节完成句子（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）请用定语从句的知识完成下列句子，每空只填一个单词。63. The man,whom I learned the news, is an engineer.（用适当的词填空）【答案】from【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：这人是一位工程师，我是从他那里得到这个消息的。句中关系代词whom代 指非限定性定语从句中先行词The man,结合句意可知，表示“从那个男人那里我得到的消息”，所以用 介词from。根据句意，故填from。64. Who is the man is standing at the door?（用适当的词填空）【答案】that【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：站在门口的那个人是谁？句中先行词是the man,后面定语从句中缺主 语，而且先行词是人，可以使用that/who都可以。因为本句前面已经有了 who,为了避免重复，所以本 句使用that引导定语从句。根据句意，故填that。65. He reached London in 1994,sometime later, he became a famous actor.（用适当的词填空）【答案】where【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：1994年，他来到伦敦，在那里，他成为了一名著名的演员。此处是非限 定性定语从句，先行词为London,关系词在中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。66. It's said that he's looking fbr a new job, one he can get more money to support his family.（用适当的词填空）【答案】where【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：据说他正在找一份新工作，一份能挣更多钱养家的工作。句中先行词为 代词。ne,代指前面名词job,在定语从句中作抽象的地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。根据句 意，故填where。67. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese painting,price was very reasonable.（用适当的词填空）【答案】whose【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:最近我买了一幅中国古画，价格很合理。句中先行词为an ancient Chinese painting,在非限定性定语从句中作名词price的定语，所以用关系代词whose引导。根据句意，故填 whose oThey arrived at a farmhouse, in front of sat a small boy.（用单词适当形式填空）【答案】which【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们到达了一个农场，在农场前面坐着一个小男孩。此处是“介词短语+关 系词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是a farmhouse,关系词在从句中作宾语，应使用关系代词which 引导，故填which。68. In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of are women.【答案】whom【解析】【详解】句意：我们工厂有2000名工人，其中三分之二是妇女。此处workers是先行词，指人，介词后面 指人用whom,指物用which引导定语从句，故答案为whom。69. is shown in the report, the air quality in the city has improved over the past two months.（用适当的词 填空）【答案】As【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如报告所示，在过去的两个月里，这个城市的空气质量有所改善。as 在非限定性定语从句，在从句中作主语，as有“正如”之意。根据句意，故填As。75. The factory we'll visit next week is not far from here.（用适当的词填空）【答案】which#that【