高考英语考点精析复习讲义-动词.docx

本类考题解答锦囊1 .看句子结构。英语中每个句子都有谓语，且由动词来担任，所以不能没有谓语或把 其他词看作动词用作谓语，也不能把动词看为其它词。2 .时态。特别要注意动词的过去式，及过去分词的拼写。3 .语态，英语中有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态，不及物动词没有被动语态(take place, happen, Occur, beak out, fall, rise, die. lie, appear 为常见的不及物动 词)。4 . 一致。包括与前面人称和数的一致及几个动词的结构一致。5 .正确运用非谓语动词。6 .不能错用动词。(如根据上下文的逻辑关系将这个动词改为它的反义词，go, arrive, open, borrow, take, sell 依次改为 come, leave, close, lend / return, bring, buy)。7 .注意固定搭配。I高考最新热门题. (NMET 20 典型例题 sure they'll laugh to me to do things as well as them.【答案】to-at. laugh at sb “嘲笑某人”,固定搭配。1 .(NMET 20 典型例题 Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class. 答案：talked-talk根据短文内容可判断出要用一般现在时。2 .(NMET 20 典型例题 ut his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports.答案：go-going.此处应用动名词短语going to college作主语，与playing sports 对比并且要结构形式相同。m题点经典类型题.(20 典型例题)when I spoke to them, they often stare at my mouth.【答案】spoke-*speak.根据文章意思及时态一致原则，应用一般现在时。1 .(20 典型例题合诊断)Instead of helping him standing up, Li Ping shouted at the old man angrily.答案：standingstand, help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事。2 .(20 典型例题)Around the world more and more people are taken part in dangerous sports and activities.答案：taken-*taking.根据文章，应用一般现在时。3 .(20 典型例题模拟)Look back at my childhood experience, I think that three reasons might explain the fear.答案：Look->Looking.现在分词短语用于独立主格结构。(1) 词时态(l)The film began before I arrived.答案：began改为had begum过去完成时，表示过去某一点之前已完成的动作。(2) We never visited, the Great Wall.答案：never前加have.现在完成时，have never, done sth.表示到目前为止从来 没干某事His brother has joined in the army for three years.答案：joined改为been. join为非延续性动词，不与表示一段时间的状语连用。(3) Hurry up! We must get there before the sun set.答案：set改为sets. before引导一个时间状语从时，用一般现在时表示将来。(4) Her grandmother has been died for twenty years.答案：died改为dead, die是一个瞬间性动词。不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。(5) I shall let her know it as .soon as I shall meet her.答案：将第二个shall去抻。as soon as引导一个时间状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来。(6) I don't think Jim saw me; he is just staring into the sky.答案：is改为was.当时正在干某事，用过去进行时。(7) You do say that you would lend me some money yesterday.答案：do改为did. yesterday,说明用过去式。(8) The price has gone down, but I doubt whether it remain so.答案：it后加will.根据句意：价格已经降下来了，但我怀疑它能否将保持目前这个样子。 whether引导的宾语从句用将来时态。(9) The building which is now built near my school will be a well-equipped hospital.答案：now后加being, is being built,正在被建设中的。(10) 语态(l)The price has brought down a lot.答案：has后加been, bring down为及物动词；意为“使降下来根据句意应用 被动语态。(11) This question must worked out at once.答案：must后加be此处需用被动语态。(12) The Second World War was broke out in 1939.答案：去掉was. break out是不及物动词，无被动形式。(13) I need one more stamp before my collection completed.答案：completed改为is completed.根据句意。before从句应用被动结构。(14) Cleaning women in big cities usually get pay by the hour.答案：pay改为paid, get paid意为“获得报酬Look! The dogs are trained, to help the blind to cross road.答案：are 后加 being. are being trained,正被训练。(15) We are hoping that a concert will held soon at which the works of Liszt w川 Play.答案：will后加be, will be held将来时态的被动结构。(16) In order to prevent the fire from spreading , some of the houses nearby .had pulled down before the firemen arrived.答案：had后加been, had been pulled down,被动结构，过去完成时。(17) It was obvious that the man had been driving on the free way for almost an hour when he told that he had to come back.答案：第一个be后加was.根据句意，when引导的状语从句，应用被动语态。(18) I lost and had to ask a policeman the way.答案：I后加was或got. be/get lost意为“迷路二.非谓语动词(1) It is time harvest wheat.答案：time后加to. It's time to do sth.是干某事的时候了。(2) Please tell me how work it out.答案：how后加to. how+不定式作宾语。(3) I'm thirsty. Get me something to drinking.答案：drinking改为drink不定式作定语。(4) She was made feed two children and do some cleaning.答案：ma.de 后加 to. make sb. do sth.被动结构为 be made to do.(5) That book is worth read twice.答案：read改为reading, be worth doing为固定搭配，“值得干”I'm looking forward to see you soon.答案：see改为seeing, look for ward to中to为介词，后接名词或动名词。(6) Her father escaped killed in the war.答案：escaped后加1 being。escape后跟名词或动名词，表示逃脱、逃避，比如exepe punishment / being punished 逃避惩罚。(7) Our English teacher enjoys listen to music.答案：listen改为listening, enjoy doing”喜欢干某事”，某些动词后习惯跟v-ing作宾 语。(8) My grandfather has been used to live quietly in the country.答案：live改为living, be used to doing固定用法，意为“习惯了干某事”。(9) He saw the children play under the tree when he came back from work答案：play改为playing, see sb doing sth.为“看见某人正在干某事。”(10) The room is dirty. It needs cleaned.答案：cleaned 改为 cleaning, need / want / require 表示“需要”之意时，后跟 v-ing.(11) I heard her singing there last night.答案：singing改为sing. hear sb.do sth. “听见某人干了某事”，指干某事从头至尾的 过程。(12) Losing in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.答案：Losing改为Lost, list im thought过去分词短语作状语，说明主语的状态。(13) He tried to make himself understand in English.答案：understand 改为 understood, make one self+过去分词，分词与 oneself 之间 是被动的关系。(14) Who is the woman talk with our teacher over there?答案：talk改为talking. v-ing分词短语作定语，相当于一个定语从句：that is talking with.(15) The teacher came in, followed a group of students.答案：followed改为following.认ving分词作方式状语，分词动作与主语是主动的关系。或followed后加by. v-ed分词与主语之间的被动关系。(16) Our teacher asked us not be late for class again.答案：not后加to. asksb. not to do sth.要求某人不要干某事。(17) You will soon notice that they have formed a group making up of doctors and lawyers.答案：making改为made, make up of.过去分词短语作定语，与被修饰词之间是 被动关系。(18) Seated himself in a chair; Mr. Crossett began to look through the evening paper and suddenly he heard a knock at the door.答案：Seated改Seating, seat为及物动词，认一ing与主句主语之间是主动关系，表伴 随状况；可将himself去掉。v. ed分词.说明主语的状态。(19) I remained puzzling long after I had. been told the story.答案：puzzling改为puzzled, remain为系动词，表示“人感到”，用ed形容词作未语。4 .虚拟语气How I wish I am you.答案：am改为were, wish后的宾语从句，谓语动词用过去式表示与目前事实相反的一个 愿望，be的过去式were.(1) I wish I have gone to the party last night.答案：have改为had. wish后的宾语从句，谓语动词用”had+过去分词”表示与过去事 实相反的一个愿望。(2) The teacher ordered the classroom swept.答案：classroom后力口 be. order后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语结构为：(should)+动 词原形。(3) My suggestion is that we will discuss it another day.答案：will 改为 should 或将 will 去掉。suggestion, proposal, plan, idea, order, request, advice作主语时，其后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语构成为：(should)+v.(4) The workers on strike demanded that their wages increased.答案：increased前力II be. (should)beincreased表示虚拟语气，用动词demand之 后的宾语从句中。(5) If he is here, we would know bow to do it.答案：is改为were.虚拟语气用于条件句，与目前事实相反的一个假设，if从句的谓语动 词用过去式，be的过去式用were。(6) The teacher insisted that her students did their homework alone.答案：did改为do. (should)do表示虚拟语气，用于insist后的宾语从句中。(7) The woman talks as if she knows everything.答案：knows改为knew, as汀引导的句子多用虚拟语气，用过去时态表示与目前事实相 反。(8) Have he had the time,he would have done it.答案：Have改为Had.省略if的条件从句，原句为If he had had the time,表示与过 去事实相反。(9) Without electricity human life will be quite different today.答案：will改为would / should / might. without短语相当于一个条件状语从句，上下 句间构成了一个与现在事实相反的一种假设；主句谓语：would/should/might+v.5 .情态动词(l)He will be back soon. You can't worry.答案：high改为tall.形容细而高的东西用形容词tall.(2) I got lost and must ask a policeman the way.答案：health改为healthy. healthy,形容词作表语。(3) Must I finish the work before I go home?No, you mustfft.答案：many改为large.形容人口众多，用形容词large.(4) Since the ground was wet thds morning, it must rained last night.答案：-must后加have, must have done是对过去一个动作肯定的判断。(5) I didfft need get up early this morning, so I stayed in bed until 9.答案：need后加to根据didn十来判断，need为实义动词，后接不定式。(6) Look at that thin man. He mustn't be Mr. Black, for Mr. Black is fat.答案：mustn't改为can't否定的判断“不可能"用can't.(7) After meal,he should checked the bill.答案：去掉should.表示陈述一个事实；或should后加have, should+have done表 示“本应该干某事而没干”When Galileo told people of his discovery, no one should believe him.答案：should改为would. would可以表示“愿意”。(8) Would we go? Yes Jet's.答案：would改为shall, shall用于一、三人称，表示请求对方允许或提出建议。would 用于第二人称，Would you do. ?(9) How dares he speak to his mother like that?答案：dares改为dare dare用作情态动词，无dares形式。(10) .主谓一致Half of the apples is bad.答案:is改为are.谓语动词的单复数与half of后的名词保持一致。或将apples改为apple.(1) Either Bob or I are to blame.答案：are 改为 am. either. or., neither. nor., not only. but also.等 连接两个并列的主语，采用就近原则“Three feet are not long enough.答案：are改为is. 一段距离，一段时间，一笔钱等，都当作单数看待。(2) Nothing but trees were to be seen.答案：were改为was. nothing作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。(3) The rest of the water are not enough.答案：are改为is. therest作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词。(4) He as well as I are a student of English.答案：are改为is.主语为He,主语后的介词短语with., together with., as well as.等不能改变主语的数。(5) Doing morning exercises are good to us.答案：are改为is.认一ing, to d。等形式作主语，谓语动词用单数。(6) Each soldier and each sailor were given a gun.答案：were 改为 was. each. and each., every. and every.作主语，谓 语动词用单数。(7) The old is taken good care of in our country.答案：is改为are. "the+形容词”表示一类，谓语用复数形式。(8) What interests me most is better wages and working conditions.答案：is改为are. what引导主语从句，谓语习惯上用单数，若表语为表示复数意义的名 词时，谓语用复数。