2023年中央电大第一学期开放本科期末英语专业高级时事英语试题及参考答案.docx

中央广播电视大学2 0 2 3 - 2 023学年度第一学期“开放本科”期末考试英语专业高级时事英语试题2 0 23年1月注意事项一、将你的准考证号、学生证号、姓名及分校（工作站）名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内。 考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带出考场。监考人收完考卷和 答题纸后才可离开考场。二、仔细读懂题目的说明，并按题目规定和答题示例答题。答案一定要写在答题纸的 指定位置上,写在试卷上的答案无效。三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。En g lis h i n Current A f fairsThis is the wri t ten exami nat i on which i s part of t h e e nd of- c o u rse a ss e s s me n t. The tota 1 ma r k s for th i s e x aminati o n are 100 points. The ex a m i n a t ion con sists of two p a p er s ： Pape r 1. L isteni n g T est, a nd Paper 2. Rea d ing andWriting. T ime allowed for comple t i ng this ex a minat i on i s 2 hour s (120 m i ns).I n st rue t ions： Answer all q u esti o ns. You w i 1 1 h a ve ten min u tes at the en d o f the 1 i s t e n i n g te s t to tr a nsf e r your answers t o the a ns w er s h ee t . All answe r s m u st be transf err e d to the answer s h e et.30 pPaper 1: L I STENIN G TESTPa s sage 3Income Equ a lityAd a p ted from Work by Yang Chu nya and Kate Tho r neA s y stem t o re g u 1 ate i nc o in e i nequality shoul d be mapped o u t i n time to pr e v e nt i n c ome gaps f r om broa d e ning. The lopsided i nd i v idua 1 i n c o me pa t t e rn in Chi n a has tended to worsen s i n ce the c o u n tr y i n it i a te d eco n om i c ref orm and the open-door pol icy 1 7 years ago.A Itho ugh of f ici a 1 st a tis t ic s have not y et bee n made a v ailable t o ind i c ate how large i n come g a ps have become, th e people in th e s t reet ha v e tes ted enough of this inequa 1 i ty i n their d aily li f e. W h ile a coup 1 e of restaur a n t o w n ers i n S h ang h ai have revealed t hat th e ir m o nthly in c o me has re a ch e d 10 0 ,0 0 0 yuan ( $ 1 1, 900) , 6 30, 00 0 reside n ts in Hnnan Province a re str u ggli n g f or a bare subs i stenc e wag e of 13 2 yuan ( $16) a mo n th, accordin g to the weekly m a g a zi n e 0 u tlo o k.G o ne a r e the days whenp eople who had10, 00 0 yuan ( $1, 190) were du bb e d up s tarts. Now a da y s , a pe r so nwh oha s 100, 00 0 yuan ( $ 11 , 900) i s barely considered rich.Att he s a m e time, arou n d 10 million people across thecountry are1 i vi ngs u ch a sea n t y life tha t they can7 t a f f o rd eno ugh veg etables and f ruit.Although the di spar i t y i s inevitable w h en the country is in the stage of t ra n sit i o n f r o m the pla n ned e c on o m y to a mark et orient e d eco nomy, i t does not mean t hat such u ne q ual d i stribution oRes e a r c h cit e d b y Keith Wind s ch u tt 1 e in his Austra 1 i an b o okf w e alth is a c c e p tab 1 e and finally devel o p s t o a resentm e nt a mong the po o r.c hro n ic di s a f fee t ion willor fair. If the income gap k e e ps wid e nin g p o 1 a r i sation, i t will 1 ead to de e p A gr o wi n g fe a r i n th e pub 1 ic i s that trigger social disru p tio n.on unemplo y ment shows t h at 1 ow income p e ople usu ally s uf f erhigh e r lev e Is o f sickne s s an d m o rta 1 ity a nd h ave few opportuni t ie s to enable th eir c hild r en to p r ogre s s. The Left R e al i s t school in th e UK h a ve s h ow n tha t people liv ing i n c ommu n iti e s su f f ering p o v erty and u n e m p loymentare at higherrisks ofbecomingvict i m sof c r ime. On the other hand, the r i ch whorise t ofortu n et hroug hille g a 1 pr o fiteerin g wi 1 1 f rust rate fai r c ompetition i n t h e mar k e t pace. Mo r eo v e r , the i r sei f -in d ulgent life sty 1 e h a s a negati v e effe c t o n s oci a1values. T on a r ro wthe income ga p ,the most commo n pra c t i ce exercised in weste rn c ountries is to 1 evystrictly regul a ted per sona 1 i ncome tax.Unf o r t u nately, this p racti c e d o es not func t ion well in China d ue to the fledgl i n g f i nanc i al an d ba n ki n g s y stems of the cou n try, e ven t h ough i t h as b e en p u rsued for a b o ut ten y ea r s, th e wee k ly said.Questio n s 4 1-5 0 . Fi 1 1 in all the empt y c e 1 Is wi t h ei t her o ne-word or sh o rtphrase (no more than t h r ee wo r d s ) answers in the fol 1 ow i ng Ta b 1 e ：Exam p 1 es of Ric hPeo p leE xampl e s of P o or Pe o P leMonth 1 y income in RMB1 00, 0 0 0 yua n132 yuanMonthlyincomein d ollars$ (41)$16U n af f or dab 1 e f oodsNot sta ted (4 2)Polar i sat i o n could lead toNot st a te d (43)Health co n ditionsLower lev eIs of (44)and(45)Higher r a te s of these condition s .Ch i 1 d re n J s o p port u ni t i e sNot sta t ed (46)Levie s pa i d within the w e st e r n regul a ted taxation sys t em (47)Not s t atedLife st yles (48)scant yEffect on s ocia 1 v a lu e s (49)Not s t atedLeft Rea list view of r i skNo t sta t ed(50)of c rime vic t imisationP a rt 4 . Read pass age 4 and a n sw e r Que s tions 5 1-60.Pa s sage 4Analysin g th eMediaP e op 1 e i n today，s g 1 obal s o ciet yk n ow ab o ut the i r o wn lives,they a 1 so know s omethin g a b out wha t ish ap p e n ing in t h eir local communi t y and t he y have news a b out thew ide r wor 1 d, te wo r1d theyever ex p erien c e d i re c t 1 y, the worldi n whic h t h ey nvermee t te pe o ple in the news fa c e -to-f ace.We canlearn about the cult ure,politi c s, e conomics,ocia 1pr o blms, andach i eveme n ts of pe o pie in dis ta nt count ri esand f o reignsocieties.Ma i nly the kn o wle d ge weh aveof thisworl d is commu n ic a ted,almost alwa y s, throu gh th emedia,anth ede t ai 1 s werece i ve arei n st a n t and mu 1 ti t udinou s .n the n e ws broadc a st s o f r aevisi on and the pr e s s, t h atthe m a jo r it y o f people 1 ea r n aboutth ew i der world.Tod a y , pe op le 1 i ve i na global world:the occ u rrences i nf a r-offco u ntries af f ec t us all.W e cannot be i s o 1 ated from the events oforei g n so c ieties b e ca u se th o se events can imp i ng e o nour ownli v es. S oit i s importan tto a sk 6 How well d o the media doint h eir jo bo f providin g u swithn ewsthe w i der wor 1 d? 'Not too weir i s the co ncl usionofsome media ana1 ysts. Galt u ngand Ru g e (1 981 ), s t udiedthe w aWe s ter n newsagencie s m e diate world events. T o s umm arisethework: w e o nly g e t t o hear,read of, o rv iew, news ev e nts if t h eyf u If i 11 at 1ea s t two o rthreethe follow i ng c r i t eri a :(i)th e people c once r ned h a veelite st a tus(i i) i f the c o un t r y concer ned has a n elite s tatus(iii) i f the n e ws is negativ e(i v ) if the n ew s has 'immediacy'Journ a lists d efine 6 a top story' as one tha t fulfills a 11 fourcriteria. Th e s ud d en d eath of a glam o r ous member of a ro y a 1 family in a r ich count r y w o ul d h a ve the very top b i Hing. Th i s kind o f 'top st ory， o ccurs infrequently. We ar e mu c h m o re 1 ik e ly to rec e ive stori e s fu 1 f illi n g onl y three of th e c r i ter i a . A sli g htly less appeali n g sto r y b ut sti 1 1 z a g ood new s s t ory7 mi g h t be about richpeo p le from ric hpeo p le from ric hco u ntri e s be i ng charit ablet o poor p e opl e . A s t oryabout poor wome n in U gan d a o rL a os r u n ni ng a s ucces s ful longe rm communit y project wouldnot fulfill anyo f th e criteri a . Itwou Id not be 'a goo d news s toryPe a san ts indeveloping co u n t r i e se at u re i nt he W e stern mediaonly ift he ys uffer 1 a r ge scale sdden d isas te rs, 1 i ke fl o odh q uakes, famine or war.L arg eseal e de a tho f poor pe o piegoo d news s t o ry'So Westernviewersde v elop avery imbalanced pict u r e of thewo r Id at large. Animage ofthe w o rl ddevelo p s in wh i ch onl y r ich p e o p1 e i n First Worl dPo o r p eop 1 e in n oa nd i nevit ably, a sc o u ntri e s are good, c o mpetent an d c haritabl e .n-We s ter n co u nt r ies c o me t o be se e n, on 1 ythe i n compe t ent and p assiv ere cip i en t s of allthe d isaste r s the world can b ring them, an d , if they are lu c ky, the c h arit y o f theric hpeople i ntherichn ati onsof thewo r 1d .Giv eshort a ns we rs to thefo 11 owingquestions(Writeyo u ra nswe r s o n t h e Answer S he e t).(51) Wh a t a ret he th r ee areas ofsocial1if e wehearnewsabouta c cordingt oth ea u t hor?(52) What is dif f e ren t a bo u t 'the wide r world9 ?(53) How, mainly, do we learn a bout o versea s cou n tr i e s ?(54) W h y i s i t im p o r t a nt f o r us to have news o f peo p le i n di fferent c o untries?(55) W h at, a c cord i n g to the article, arc t he major m e dia fo r ms pr o viding global n e ws?(5 6 ) What was the resea r c h f ocus of G a 1 tung and R u ge's 1981 pub 1 i c ation?(57) What do e s 'negative n ews' me a n?(58) Wh a t i s the diffe r enc e bet ween a o p new s stor y ' an d a 1 e sser 'good new s sto r y'?(59) What d o p oor people fr o m poor countries h a ve to do to enter the c onsciousn e ss of Western television vi e wers?(60) Why don7 t West e r ners bel i eve th a t pe a sa n ts can be c o mpetent and successful?End o f R e ading Tes t20 p20 pWRITING TES To i n t sWr i t e a s ho r t e s s ay abou t developmen t i n Wester n societ i e s . Y ou m a y write abou t som e o f the k ey c h anges of t h e past f ifty ye a rs o r so, the benefits o f t h ese c h ang e s and/or the d i sadvantages of these d e vel o pm e n ts. You may i n cl u de mate rial compar i ng changes i n We s t ern so c i ety wit h t ho s e in Chin a . Yo u may i nclu d e a s a co n clu s i on a s umma r y an d a n e v aluation o f th e mate rial y ou h a v e c o v e re d . Yo u ma y use y o ur own persona 1 e x pe r i e n ce, or wr i te a b o ut one specific West e rn s o ciety, o r wr i te a b o ut W e stern d e v elopm e n t in general(Write abo u t(Write abo u t150 Words.)答案及评分标准KEY TO LIST ENING TESTTwo points for ea c h o f t h e cor rec t a n swers to qu e st i o n s 1 -6, anTotal = 3 0 p od 1 7 2 0 . One po i nt for each o f th e rest, int s1C2A3C4B5C6A7-13A, B, D, G , H, K, L ( t h es e may be 1 i s t ed in any or d er)14T15T16F1 7T18T1 9F2 0FKEY TO READING TESTOne p oint for each of th e corre c t answ e rs to q u e s t ions 2 1 -50. Two poi nts for questions 51-6 0.Total =5 0 p oint s .Que s t ion No.A n swer2 1F22T23T24F25T26F27F28T2 9F30F31A32B3 3B34A35C36C37B38B39A40AE x ample s of R i ch Pe o pl eE x amp 1 es o f Poor Pe o pieMon t hly income in RMB10 0,0 0 0 y u an13 2 yua nMo n t h 1 y income in dollars$ 1 1,9 0 0 (41)$ 1 6U n a f ford able foo d sNot s t a t edv ege tab les a ad fruit (4 2)Pol a risa t io n c ould 1 ead toNot stateddeep r esentment (43)He a 1th conditionsLower leve 1 s of sic kne s s (4 4) and mor t a 1 i t y (45)H i g h er r a tes o f these conditi o ns.C h ildren， s o pp o r t u nitiesNot s tatedfew (op p ortun i t i e 31(46)Levi e s pai d within th e w e stern reg u la t ed taxat i o n sy s temp e rs o nal inc o me t ax (47)Not s tatedLi f e st y lesself i n du 1 gen t (48)s c ant yEffect on social va 1 u e sn e gative (4 9)Not sta t edLeft Real is t view of r i sk of c r i me vict i m i sat i onNot statedhi g h er ( r isk s ) (50)5 1t h eir own li v e s, t h eir lo c al comm u nity, the wider world.52Peopl e have n o d i rectknow ledge of nor me e t f a ce-to face with the people i nvol v ed.53F r om t he media54Bec a use our liv e s are affec t ed by event s in f o rei g n cou n tri e s55Radio, t e 1 e vi s i on a n d the p ress56Med i a analysis57News of di s a s ter s58The former f u Ifill s th e four c riter i a, the latter only t wo or t h ree59Suf f er major d i sasters60B ecause the media present an imba 1 ance d v e r sion of w o rid event sM a rking S c h eme for Wr i t i ng Tes t分数标准182 0文章切题，内容充实，有独到之处；行文流畅，语百得体；篇幅适当；结构严 谨;句子结构后变化，用词有选择，避免了单调和粗俗；无语法错误。15- 17内容适合；语言自然得体；篇幅适当;结构合理;准确的使用常用语法结构； 语法和选词基本无错误。1 2-14基本切题;语体基本得当；篇幅适当；篇章结构进行了适当的计划或调整；只 有少量语法错误,选词错误，或拼写错误,不致引起阅读困难。9- 1 1基本切题，但内容有待充实;语体不妥之处较少；篇幅适当;结构有待改善； 常用结构中无语法错误,其他语法和词汇错误不致引起严重的阅读困难。6-8大体切题,但有关内容欠缺或包含无关内容；缺少语体意识;篇幅不够;篇章 结构松散不妥；各种语言错误导致严重阅读困难或误解。0-5错误过多，无法阅读。o i n tsInformation for the c a n d ida t e sTherear e t wo parts to t he test. Each pa r t will b e play e d twi c e.The r e wi 1 1 b e a pause bef ore each p art to let you read through th e questio n s and another p a use atthe end of eachp a rt fo r y ou to c he c k your an s wer s .You may w r itey o ur a nswers in theq uestion papera s you li s t e n.You will hav eto min u te sa t th eend of theliste n ing test to tra ns f er youra n s wers tothe answer sheet.Pa r t 1. Qu e s tio n s 1 -6.In t erview with Prof e s s or M i cha e Ison.You are g o in g t o list en to an i nt er v iew wi th P r ofessor M i cha e 1Mi c hael s on. Yo u will he a r t he re c o r d i n gtwice. Ch o o se th e b e stans w e r a c cordin g to wh a tyou 1 earnt hr o ugh 1 i s t en i ng.efo r e the f i rst lis t eningy ou hav e h1 f a mi nut e to studyquesti o n s .1 . The mai ntopic of thei nte r visA. educati o ni n Chi nt iont ionEn g1 an dC. pol 1 u tion i nC. pol 1 u tion i nC hin a2. As see n by theinterwer,the m a jor p roblem of pollu t ioninC hi n acon c ernsA.air,land an d wat e r po 1lu tB. pe opl ed isposing of rubbishi n d is c rimina t e 1 yC.C.too m u ch waste card b o a rdand too m a ny empty b ot t 1 e s3. I nh i s countr y , w h e n Mic h a e 1 Mi c ha e 1 s on sees peopl e dropping 1 i t ter h eA. r e por t s them to th e p oli c eB. qui e tly dis p os e s of the litter h im s e 1 fC. confronts th e pe r son4. Mi c hael Michaelson wa s shock e d in C h ina b e cause .A. in En gl a nd p eopl e n e ver d rop litterB. in C h ina peop 1 e drop lit t e r e v er y w h e reC. he ca n not ru n after people i n Chi n a. Michael M i c ha e Is o n the idea of u s ing b i kes t o collect waste c a rdboard.A. can，t und e rstandcr i tic i z e sB. li kes. I n C h ina peopl e use bi c y c les .A. t o c a rry was t e c a rdboardB. to co 1 1 e ct empty b o t t les for mon e yC. b o th A an d BP a r t 2. Questions 7 -13. You a re going t o lis ten to a ta 1 k a b out 6The Four t h Word'.Ta s k 1, Ques t ions 7-13. A list o f. top i c s is given below. F ind t he ones that t he speaker me n ti o ne d and write the 1 e t t e r s repre seating t h em i n the spac e provi d ed o n the Answer S h eet.A. The F ourt h Worl dB . Aust r al i aC. Af r icacul