+2023届高考英语二轮复习语法专项：反意疑问句讲义.docx
反意疑问句反意疑问句相当于''对不对？” “好不好？ 行不行？”，用yes或no回答。由两部分组成，前一部分是陈述句，后一部分 是附加疑问短语，中间用逗号隔开，所以反意疑问句乂叫附加疑问句。通常的形式是：肯定的陈述句+否定的附加疑问，或否定的 陈述句+肯定的附加疑问。如：He studies English, doesn't he?He doesn,t study English, does he?They are from America, aren't they?They are not from America, are they?反意疑问句的主要形式：1 .如果主句是be或其他助动词(如can, shall, will等)，其反意疑问句用同一助动词。如：We are late, aren't we?You haven't met my wife, have you?He can drive a car, can't he?They used to have difficulty in just making ends meet, didn't (usedn(t) they?You'd better eat with knives and forks, hadn't you?2 .如果主语带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little等否定词或半否定词时，因为主句本身具有否定意义，附加疑问部分的动 词用肯定式，如：We seldom go to the cinema, do we?Sue almost never worked, did she?3 .如果主句部分是“I am”结构，由于“ am not”没有相应的缩略形式，附加疑问部分一般用aren' 11代替。如：I am your friend, aren't I?I'm late, aren't I?I am a student, aren't I?在祈使句中的附加疑问部分一般用will you, won, t you.4 .在祈使句中的附加疑问部分般用will you, won' t you.如：Sit down, will you?Have some tea, won't you?Open the window, won't you?这种句子可以理解为:Will you do something?如:Will you open the window?注意：否定的祈使句之后，只能用will如：Don't forget, will you?Don't make so much noise, will you?5 .以Let' s开头的祈使句，肯定的用shall we?否定的用all right?或OK?,如：Let's go back to our seats, shall we?Let's not have hot food this time, OK? (all right?)这种句子可以理解为：Shall we (do something?),如:Shall we go back to our seats.这样有助于理解和记忆。注意:Let' s与Let us的区别:Let' s包拈听话人在内,应用shall we, M Let us不包括听话人在内，表示''请你让我们”， 要用 will you.如：Let' s watch the news on TV, shall we?(表示建议)Let us watch the news on TV, will you?(表示请求)6 .主句是I suppose, I think, I believe等时，附加疑问部分则往往与that从句中的生语和谓语动词保持对应关系，但要注意否定 的转移。如：I suppose that you know the meaning of the word, don't you?(这句话明显是要问“你是不是知道？ ”而不是问“我是不是这样认为？I don't think that you have read the book, have you?7 .当主句的动词have表示“拥有”时，附加疑问既可用have,也可用d。，如：You have a color TV set, haven't you/don't you?当主句的have不表示“拥有”而表示其他意思时，附加疑问要用do.如：You had a cold yesterday, didn't you?They don't have coffee with breakfast, do they?8 .Therebe句型的反意疑问句，用there作主语。如：There is something wrong, isn't there?There wont t be any trouble, will there?不会有任何麻烦，是吗？9 .陈述部分的主语是everyone, someone, anyone, no one, nobody等不定代词时，其疑问部分的主语可用he,也可用they.如：Everyone knows it, doesn't he/don't they?英语反意疑问句的回答有点和汉语的相反。但定要记住：只要回答是肯定的，都用yes,只要回答是否定的，都用n。这在主句 是否定句的时候要特别注意。例如：Mr. Jones can1 t speak French, can he? ? No, he can' t.琼斯先生不会讲法语，对吗？ ？对，他不会讲法语。Mr. Jones can1 t speak French, can he? ? Yes, he can.琼斯先生不会讲法语，对吗？ ？不，他会讲法语。This is not a door, is it? -Yes, it is. It is an iron door.这不是门，对吗？ ？不，这是门。是扇铁门。练习完成下列反意疑问句，并译出后面的回答。1 )There is a dog under the tree,?是的，有。-*isn，t there? Yes, there is.2)They are laughing at me,?不，没有。/ 对，是的。-*aren, t they? No, they aren' t. / Yes, they are.3)We haven' t visited that college,?对，还没有。-have we? No, we haven' t.4)She wants to be a nurse,?不，她不想。/是的，她想。doesn' t she? No, she doesn' t. /Yes, she does.5)Girlsdon, t smoke,?是的，是这样。/不，抽。而且有人抽得很凶。-*do they? No, they don' t. /Yes, they do. And some are heavy smokers6)We shall not have classes on Sunday,?是的，不上。-Shall we? No, we shan, t.7)You watch English videos,?不，不看。/是的，我们常看，每周三次。-don' t you? No, we don' t. /Yes, we often do. We watch them three times a week.8)Wait outside,?不,我不。/好的，可以。-won' t you? No, I won' t. /Yes, I will.9)Don' t move,?好的，我不动。/不，我要动。-*will you? No, I won' t. /Yes, I will.10)She is not here,?是的，不在。/不，她在。就坐在我后面。-is she? No, she isn' t. /Yes, she is. She is sitting just behind me.
