高中英语寒假作业高三年级 Week Three（全国卷Word版）.docx

高中英语寒假作业高三年级（全国卷）Week Three本系列寒假作业共由4个模块组成，分为【基础夯实】、【阅读训练】、【写作实战】、 【外刊精读】。Day One【基础夯实】 一、语法填空(-)We know humans can sense cold, but until now, nobody could explain how our nerves do it.A new study from the University of Michigan, US, and Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China, says the answer is a 1.(new) discovered cold-sensing protein in our nerves. 2.(publish) in the scientific journal Cell, researchers say that these receptor (受体) proteins notice the change 3.send the message to the brain. To first find the cold-sensing gene, scientists used Caenorhabditis Elegans (线虫)because they have a simple and well-mapped genome (基因组).They then tried out thousands of genetic 4.(vary) on it. They found that worms missing the receptor gene glr-3 could not sense temperature changes below 18 .This gene is responsible 5.making glr-3 protein, 6.is required fbr us, and many other creatures, to sense the cold. 7.is the protein that tells you to put a coat on when it's chilly (寒冷的)outside. Shawn Xu, the senior author of the study, said scientific attention 8.(focus) on the gene's function in the brain. Xu 9.(add), "this was one of the few 10.(remain) sensory receptors that had not yet been identified (识另Ll) in nature/9Are you crazy about traveling? Do you have the dream of traveling around the world? Have you ever failed 1.(start) your journey fbr the reason of time and money?Come on! Forget all your confusion, and give yourself 2.opportunity to realize your dream! Let's go on traveling between the lines, 3.will surely touch your soul!We will guide you in 4.(seek) the happy destinations in the world which are seldom known 5.others. Though alone, you can enjoy your travel in 6.(silent) while thinking quietly. Being passionate about life and fascinated with the scenery of another country, so far the author 7.(travel) around the world and appreciated the unique beauty of those 8.6 a blind man in the subway station. He 7 as he thanked me. Another day, I brought flowers from my garden to a 8 nursing home. I could only hope I was arousing 9 in others.After just a few days, 10 , I found it easier than I'd expected. I knew I was making a/an 11 .Every evening at the dinner table, I 12 that day's good deed to Emily. Emily began 13 what rd started. On a walk home from school, she 14 to a neighbor's pot of geraniums （天竺葵），which had toppled （不稳而倒下）in the wind, and set it right. "That was my good deed for the day!” she yelled. Another day, she helped me collect 15 from our neighbors for the food bank. We dropped off the food and, 16 we drove away, Emily announced 17 that she wanted to work there one day.By the last week, I knew I'd changed. At first, I hadn't been entirely 18 that I could do a good deed every day. Now it was practically second 19 . I felt a greater responsibility to take action when I saw a need, 20 looking the other way. I felt as though I'd awakened, somehow.1. A. energy2. A. stopped3. A. donation4. A. lucky5. A. get6. A. watched7. A. smiled8. A. popular9. A. interest10. A. however11. A. discovery12. A. reminded13. A. criticizing14. A. marched over15. A. money16. A. beforeB. spaceB. startedB. expectationB. cleverB. manageB. waitedB. sighedB. distantB. mercyB. besidesB. differenceB. pointedB. sharingB. pulled overB. vegetablesB. sinceC. wisdomC.forgotC. celebrationC. happyC. putC. guidedC. frownedC. desertedC. awarenessC. thereforeC. mistakeC. recalledC. laughingC. turned overC. donationsC. untilD. salaryD. rememberedD. inspirationD. mercifulD. appreciateD. orderedD. jumpedD. localD. praiseD. alsoD. fortuneD. describedD. praisingD. fell overD. clothesD. as17. A. proudlyB. eagerlyC. anxiouslyD. casually18. A. concernedB. convincedC. expectedD. persuaded19. A. sceneB. languageC. natureD. skill20. A. by means ofB. regardless ofC. as well asD. instead ofDay Four【写作实战】（一）假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华，为提升同学环保意识，你校准备于下周六开展“垃 圾分类助推活动”，请代表学校写一则书面通知，向留学生介绍活动的具体安排，内容包 括：1 .活动意义；2 .具体安排；3 .报名方式。注意：1 .词数100左右；2 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。提示词：垃圾分类garbage sorting（二）假定你是李华，你们学校的美国交换生John准备参加“外国人讲中国成语（idiom）故 事”比赛，他发邮件请你给予辅导。请你回复一封邮件，内容包括：1 .答应帮助；2 .提出建议；3 .询问辅导时间与地点。注意：1 .词数100左右;2 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear John,Y ours,Li HuaDay Five【外刊精读】主题语境：人与自我追逐梦想，成为自己想成为的人Becoming What I Might Have BeenAs I passed my 50th birthday, I wondered if I would ever be able to complete one of the dreams I had carried with me fbr decades to become a psychotherapist. I wanted to help others as I had been helped. I had attempted some classes at the local community college, but the trials of life kept getting in my way. I eventually gave up.Then one day I saw a quote by a woman named Mary Ann Evans whose pseudonym was George Eliot. She said, "It's never too late to become what you might have been." I snipped it out, framed it, and hung it on the wall above my desk. Could I dare to think I still had time to make my dreams reality?I entered college at 51 years old and began my journey. I worked hard and won a partial scholarship to an award winning four-year liberal arts private college. At 55 years old, I graduated Maxima cum Laude. I won a much-coveted spot in a masters program at the University of Montana. I was on my way to fulfilling my dream.Unfortunately, after a throat check-up, I was diagnosed with a brain tumor. I was sent to two neurosurgeons in a larger city. Both told me it was inoperable. I had approximately one year to live. This tumor sat close to the brain stem on the underside of my brain and it was growing rapidly.Something told me that this was not "it" for me. I called a famous neurosurgeon in Los Angeles and asked if he would look at my MRI. He agreed. I'll never forget the call I got a few days later. "Linda, I can help you.”The recovery from a very risky six-hour brain surgery was horrendous. I had double vision. I lost the hearing in one ear. I couldn't walk without help. I had terrible tinnitus and a horrible buzzing in my head that woke me up many times a night. But if I had learned one thing in my life, it was to never give up. So I began my master's studies lying in bed with a patch over one eye and a laptop on a pillow on my lap. For the next three years I studied diligently.Now I am in psychotherapist in private practice. I worked hard to become certified in Dialectical Behavior Therapy, which treats seriously ill people who have suicidal or self-harm behaviors. I did not think I could deal with suicide, since I had been a witness to the suicides of my own family members, but it has only strengthened my resolution to help.It is my belief that no matter what a person has experienced, no matter how old a person is, they can still become what they might have been. It is never too late.Words:1. psychotherapist n. a person who treats people who are mentally ill using psychotherapy 心理 治疗师pseudonym n. a name that someone, usually a writer, uses instead of his or her real name 彳取名； 笔名2. snip u to sever or remove by pinching or snipping 剪; 剪断frame v. to put or make a frame or border around sth. 给做边框3. neurosurgeon n. someone who does surgery on the nervous system (especially the brain) 神经 外科医生inoperable adj. not suitable for surgery 不适合动手术的4. approximately adv. (of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct 大约horrendous adj. causing fear or dread or terror 可怕的； 惊人的5. tinnitus n. a ringing or booming sensation in one or both ears; a symptom of an ear infection or Meniere's disease 耳鸣certify v. to give sb. an official document proving that they are qualified to work in a particular profession颁发（或授予）专业合格证书一、选择合适的单词或短语填空attempt trial manage connect. with.recover from diligently resolution witnessHe was an operation on his leg, so he still couldn't walk very well.1. Do not to complete the task on your own for it needs teamwork.2. The two matters are closely each other.3. In order to be admitted to an extraordinary university, you need to study from now on.4. In spite of his poor health, he to finish the project on time.5. Life is never smooth all the way, full of and tribulations.6. The past ten years the great changes in China.7. She made a to visit her relatives more often.二、语篇填空“It's never too late to become what you might have been." With 1.of life keeping in my way, I have never had the chance to complete my college study in order to realize my dream 一 to become a psychotherapist. Finally, motivated by George Eliot, I began my study in college and worked really hard ever since. However, fate seemed to have played a joke on me. I was 2.with a brain cancer and was told to have one year to live. Determined, I fought with a series of after-operation symptoms, and manage to become a true 3.参考答案Day One【基础夯实】一、语法填空(一)本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人能够感知寒冷的原因。1. newly考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词discovered。故填newly。2. Published考查非谓语动词。该句的谓语动词是say,此处应用非谓语动词。that引导的宾 语从句是发布在科学杂志细胞中的内容，它与动词publish之间是被动关系，应用publish 的过去分词作状语。故填Published。注意首字母大写。3. and考查连词。“注意到这种变化”和“向大脑发送信息”是顺承关系，应用并列连词and。 故填andovariations考查词性转换和名词的复数。genetic是形容词，修饰名词；空格前面有thousands of,此处应用名词的复数。故填variations。4. for考查介词。be responsible for是固定搭配，意为“对负责任”。故填for。5. which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是glr-3 protein,指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导该从句。故填which。6. It考查代词。分析句子结构可知,该句是一个强调句，其结构为“it is/was.that/who”。 故填It。注意首字母大写。7. had focused考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空格处所在句是谓语动词said后省略了 that引导的宾语从句，主句用一般过去时，focus on发生在said之前，表示过去的过去，应 用过去完成时。故填had focusedoadded考查动词的时态。空格处前一句的谓语动词是said,此处也应用一般过去时。故填 added。8. remaining考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是was,此处应用非谓 语动词，remain与one是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填remaining。(-)本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了一种特殊的旅游方式通过阅读的方式周游世 界，实现旅游之梦。1. to start考查非谓语动词。fail to do sth.是固定用法，意为“未能做某事”。2. an考查冠词。此处表示泛指，且。pportunity的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。3. which考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，故用which。4. seeking考查非谓语动词。空处作介词in的宾语，故用动词-ing形式。5. to考查介词。be known to为固定短语，意为“为所熟知“。6. silence考查词形转换。空前的in是介词，介词后应该用名词作宾语，silent是形容词，其 名词形式是silenceohas traveled考查动词的时态。根据空前的“so far”可知此处应用现在完成时。so far意为 “到目前为止”，是现在完成时的标志。7. countries考查名词复数。country意为“国家”时，是可数名词，根据空前的those可知， 此处应用复数形式。8. amazed考查词形转换。be amazed at ”对感到惊讶，吃惊”为固定搭配。9. importantly考查副词。空处作状语，故用其副词形式。most importantly "最重要的是“。（三）本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了乔治为了实现自己的梦想而不懈努力的故事。1. exactly考查副词。句意：在小学阶段，George事实上并不受欢迎。此处应填副词，修饰形 容词 popularo 故填 exactly okids考查名词。句意：大多数孩子喜欢在周末看电影，而乔治则喜欢设计自己的特别项目。 根据语境可知，这里指大多数孩子，所以应该用名词的复数形式。故填kids。2. fun考查固定短语。句意：George上高中以后，其他学生常常嘲笑他沉迷于书本和电脑中。 make fun of sb.是固定短语，意为"嘲笑某人"，故填fun。3. being achieved考查非谓语动词。句意：这使得George很沮丧，但是他试着不让任何事阻 碍他的梦想实现。“梦想”与“实现”之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态。keepfrom后 使用动名词。故填being achievedoto/into考查固定搭配。句意：George成绩很好，同时被哈佛和耶鲁录取了。be admitted to/into 为固定短语，意为“被录取"。故填to/into。4. because/since考查连词。句意：但是他最终决定去斯坦福，因为那里有更多机遇。前后文 是因果关系，要用because或since引导从句，故填because/sinceowho/that考查定语从句。句意：那里有更多为想要在硅谷工作的人提供的机遇。people为 先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中作主语，要用who/that作为连接词。故填who/that。5. had felt考查固定句型。句意：这是他第一次感受到被周围的人认可。This was the first timethat句型的that从句后使用过去完成时态。故填had felt。6. graduating考查非谓语动词。句意：他参加了额外的考试，提前一年毕业了。end up doing sth. 意为“最终做了某事“。故填graduating。7. as考查介词。句意:他在苹果公司从事了程序员的工作。take a job as意为“从事 的工作”。故填as。(四)本文为一篇说明文。随着阅读习惯的转变，越来越多的人几乎发现不了传统书籍的魅力，年轻人花在刷手机上的时间过多，导致他们所得知识碎片化。1. the考查冠词。take the place of ”代替"为固定用法，故填定冠词the。2. That考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为主语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分且意义 完整，故填That。3. sweeping考查非谓语动词。spend time doing sth.”花费时间做某事”，故用现在分词形式。 sweep在此处表示“扫视”。4. comparison考查名词。by/in comparison with. “与相比较”为固定搭配，故填所给词的名词形式。5. plays考查主谓一致。句中缺少谓语，主语“Reading articles and short posts”为单数概念, 故用plays。6. practical考查形容词。根据空前的冠词a和空后的名词manner可知，此处应填入所给词的形 容词形式。7. aspects 考查名词单复数。根据空后的"its philosophical development, its scientific development and its technological developmentv 可知，此处表示复数意义，故用aspect的复数 形式。8. without考查介词。根据句意可知，此处表示“没有书的帮助，人们无法推动这些发展”。9. barely考查副词。空处修饰动词discover,故用副词形式barely。10. to seek考查非谓语动词。a need to do sth. “需要做某事”为固定用法。therefore为插入语。 二、改错(-)1. feel 改为 feltThey 改为 It2. animal 改为 animals去掉thought后的if或if改为that3. interested 改为 interestingcan 改为 could4. 在me和great之间加上withwhen 改为 because/as/since5. and 改为 orhappy 改为 happiness（二）1. advices 改为 advice在graduated后面力口上from2. boring 改为 boredthought 改为 think3. hope改为hoping删掉and4. a改为anHow改为What5. moved后面的them改为himhad 改为 hasDay Two【阅读训练】一、阅读基础A本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了报纸上的几则广告。这几则广告在推销一些畅销书，包 括书名、书的价格和书的主要内容，主要是鼓励读者购买。1. D推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，这是广告，所以是出现在报纸上的。A. travel guide旅 游指南，B. medicine booklet药品手册，C. textbook课本，都不会出现这样的广告。故选D。2. A推理判断题。对比第一则广告中的价格 "overprice: $30.00”和“Ourprice: $19.80”可 知，共省10.2美元。故选A。3. C 事实细节题。根据 1801 Home Remedies 部分的内容“Dozens of conditions are covered, from headaches, sunburn, bad breath, and blisters （起泡；起疮）to allergies, and hiccups （打嗝）.“可矢口 1801 Home Remedies可以帮你在没有医生的情况下处理一些常见的疾病。故选CoB本文是一篇记叙文。随家人迁居美国的作者热爱艺术，并在家人的支持和自己的坚持下， 追逐梦想，成就了一番事业。4. D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的"But there was major stress in my life at that time: I was the only member of my family who spoke English, meaning I had to step up when we dealt with a shop assistant, a waiter and so on."可知，作者一家搬到美国后，面临的主要问题是：她是家 庭中唯一会说英语的人，每次应对售货员、服务员等人时，她不得不站出来。由此可推知， 她肩负着家人与外界沟通的重要责任。故选D。5. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “I did not think he. it was my parents who suggested just that and urged me to apply to technical and liberal arts schools.v 可知，她父母建议她学习艺术。故 选BoC 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “It was no easy task to do the course including metalworking, woodworking and model making.”可知，作者认为工业设计不容易学，下文中的“In one class I just drew cubes for an entire month. But I finally survived the course.v 进一步说明学习工业 设计这门课程的过程是艰难的。故选C。6. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Throughout my career, Fve picked up different things along the way.” 和 u Industrial design kind of makes you an all-round person. 可知,作者为她的事 业感到自豪。故选A。二、七选五本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了闰年的由来和相关习语。1. E 根据前文 But it might be bad news if you were born on a February 29. 可知，如果出生在 2月29日，这可能是个坏消息。由此可推知，设空句应是解释“坏消息”。选项E"You have to wait three years in between birthdays!"提及得等三年才能过生日，这合理解释了为什么出 生在2月29日是一个坏消息，与上一句话题一致，意思衔接紧密。故选E。2. C 根据前文“In 2019, it fell on a Tuesday. But in 2020, December 31 fell on a Thursday.“可知， 2019年是周二，但在2020年，12月31日却是一个星期四。选项C "Itjust leaped right over Wednesday,"解释了 “它正好跳过了星期三”与前两句意思衔接紧密，且呼应前文提及“In a leap year, the dates jump over one day of the week.（在闰年，日期跳过一周中的一天。）” 这 一话题。故选C。3. D 根据后文 “So every four years, we put all that time together into an extra day - or, what is officially called an intercalary day.”提及所以每隔四年，会把所有的时间加在一起，变成额(country) with his subtle (微妙的)yet profound (知识渊博的)mind from Japan to Nepal, from India to East Timor, from Cuba to Venezuela.Following us, you will be 9.(amaze) at the wonderful scenery! After having taken many journeys, your dream of traveling around the world will surely come true. Most 10.(important), you should never miss any opportunity to realize your dream.(三)In elementary school, George wasn't 1.(exact) popular, but he always had a c