八年级下人教版Unit1-5期中知识点总结-【学易金卷】2021-2022学年八年级英语下学期期中考前必刷卷.docx

23. get to 到达24. right away 立刻;马上25. get into陷入;参与26. do the right thing 做正确的事27. fall down 摔倒28. play soccer 踢足球29. put., on sth.把放在某物上30. a few几个;少数31. come in 进来32. get hit/ sunburned 被打击/晒伤33. be interested in 对.感兴趣34. take risks/take a risk 冒险35. lose one's life 失去生命36. because of 因为37. by oneself 独自;单独38. run out (of)用完;耗尽39. cut off 切除40. get out of离开;从.出来41. make a decision/ decisions 做决定42. be in control of 掌管;管理43. go mountain climbing 去爬山44. give up 放弃2021-2022学年八年级下册Unitl-5期中知识点总结Unitl What's the matter?【重点短语】have a cold 感冒1. have a stomachache 胃/甫too much 太多2. lie down 躺下see a dentist 看牙医3. get an X-ray做个X光检查take one's temperature 量体温4. put some medicine on上敷些药have a fever 发烧5. play computer games 玩电脑游戏all weekend 整个周末6. take breaks/ take a break 休息without thinking twice 没多想7. go to a doctor 看医生get off 下车8. take sb. to the hospital 送某人去医院wait for 等待9. to one's surprise .使某人惊讶的是;出.意料thanks to多亏;由于1.1 in time 及时think about 考虑21. have a heart problem 有心脏病【用法搭配】need to do sth,需要做某事1. see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事ask sb. sth,询问某人某事2. expect sb, to do sth.期待/期望某人做某事When I saw him, he was cleaning his room.当我看见他的时候他正在打扫房间。（when从句表示时间点）2、过去进行时也可表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning （一整个上午），all day yesterday （昨天一整天），from nine to ten last evening （昨晚九点至十点）， when从句，while从句,例如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。He was watching TV all day last Sunday?上周一整天都在看电视。My brother fell down while he was riding his bicycle我骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来。It was raining when they left the station.他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。When T got to school, the students were reading.当我到达学校的时候，同学们在读书。3、在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。 例如：While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。（两个动作都是延续的）He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦车时我在做饭。（两个动作同时进行）4、但在不少情况下，没有表示时间的状语，这时需要通过上下文来表示。5、当两个一长一短的动作在过去某时间同时发生时，用过去进行时表示较长的动作。过去进行时可用于主 句，也可用于从句。It was raining hard when I left my office.当我离开办公室口寸,雨下得正大。When you called, I was eating,你打电话时，我正在吃饭。When I was cleaning the windows, my brother was sweeping the floor.（当）我在擦窗户的时候，我弟弟在拖地。Some students were playing football, while others were running round the track.一些学生在踢足球，同时别的学生正在跑道上跑步。We were walking along the river when （suddenly） It rained.我们沿着河边散步，突然下起雨来。They were watching TV when Tom came in .TOm 进来时，他们刚好在看电视。（四）When/While“当的时候”的区别when既指时间点，也可指段时间，while只指段时间，因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是短 暂性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。when说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生;while则强调主从句动作同时发生。They were singing while we were dancing.when和while还可作并列连词。when表示“在那时"；while表示“而，却”,表对照关系。如:a. The children were playing when they heard the sound of a motor bike.b. He is strong while his brother is weak.（五）过去进行时和一般过去时的区别一般过去时叙述旧事，过去进行时描述背景。1、一般过去时是叙述过去状态、动作或事件，如：He went to Beijing the other day.（带具体时间）2、过去进行时是表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生某一动作，如He was doing homework at 8:30 last night?（过去某时刻正在发生）区别：Li Ming washed the dishes.李明洗过盘子了。Li Ming was washing the dishes.李明在洗盘子。The children watched TV yesterday evening.昨天晚上孩子们看了 电视。The children were watching TV yesterday evening.昨晚孩子们整晚都在看电视。（没干别的）I was reading a novel this morning.上午我在看小说。（可能没看完）I read a novel this morning.上午我看了一本小说。（已经看完了）4科用友例，让4习文为J2ZXXKC 而J2ZXXKC 而令关注有礼(1今令关注有礼(1今学科网中小学资源库扫码关注可免费领取180套PPT教学模版令海量教育资源一触即达 令新鲜活动资讯即时上线哲学科网哲学科网5 .agree to do sth.同意做某事6. help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事.want to do sth.想要做某事IL use sth. to do sth用某物做某事7 . tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事12. seem to do sth.好像做某事. have problems (in) doing sth.做某事有困难13. keep on doing sth,继续做某事be/ get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事14. mind doing sth.介意做某事【语法精讲】.询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法What's the matter(with sb.)?(某人)怎么 了？Whafs wrong (with sb.)?(某人)怎么 了？What's the trouble (with sb.)? /Whafs one's trouble?(某人)出什么事了 ？What happened (to sb.)?(某人)发生什么事了？Are you OK?你没事吧？Is there anything wrong (with sb.)?(某人)有什么事吗？1 .要表达身体某一部位疼痛或不舒服，可用以下结构：(1)某人十have/ has+病症His bother has a cold.这对双胞胎感冒了。(2)某人 + have/has a+身体部位 ache ( headache/ toothache/ stomachache/ backache/earache).Her mother had a stomachache last night.她的妈妈昨晚肚子痛。(3)某人+ have/has a sore+身体部位He has a sore throat.他喉咙痛。(4)某人+hurt(s) +身体部位或反身代词.He hurt his leg.他的腿受伤了。(5)身体部位+ hurt(s)My head hurts badly.我头痛得厉害。(6)某人 + have/ has a pain in one's+身体部位I have a pain in my chest.我胸 口 痛。(7)(There is) something wrong with one's+身体部位There is something wrong with my right eye.我的右眼有毛病。(8)其他表达方式She has a heart trouble.她有心脏病。He got hit on the head.他头部受到了撞击。She cut her finge匚她割破手指了。2.情态动词should用法should情态动词，意为“应该;应当、其后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。否定形式是在其后加not,可缩 写为shouldn't;变为一般疑问句时,should提到主语之前。其具体用法为：1 .表示提出意见或建议。You should drink lots of water.你应该喝大量的水。2 .表示义务、责任时。We should study hard.我们应该努力学习。3 .表示命令、责备或要求，语气比较强烈。You shouldn't be so careless.你不应该这么粗心。4 ,表示推测和可能性。He should be a teacher.他应该是一位老师。5 . should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句，表示征询意见。Should we tell her about it?我们应该雷诉她这件事吗？【重点短语】1. clean up打扫（或清除）干净2. cheer up （使）变得更高兴;振奋起来3. give out分发;散发4. used to 曾经.;过去.5. give away赠送;捐赠6.setup建起;设立7. make a difference 影响;有作用Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.11. call up打电话给（某人）;征召8. come up with想出;提出（主意、计划、回答等）9. put off 推迟10. put up 张贴12. help out帮助.摆脱困境13. care for照顾;非常喜欢14. give up 放弃15. try out参加选拨;试用16. come true 实现17. run out of 用光18. take after （外貌或行为）像19. fix up修理;装饰20. be similar to 与相似5.give up十时间十to do sth.腾出时间去做某事【用法搭配】l.need to do sth.需要做某事1. make plans to do sth.制订计划做某事2. ask sb. (not) to do sth.要求某人(不要)做某事4. used to do sth.过去常常做某事【用法搭配】l.need to do sth.需要做某事3. make plans to do sth.制订计划做某事4. ask sb. (not) to do sth.要求某人(不要)做某事4. used to do sth.过去常常做某事6. get a feeling of的感觉7. decide to do sth.决定做某事8. help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事9. make a difference to .,产生影响10. make it possible for sb. to do sth.使得做某事对某人来说成为可能【语法精讲】动词不定式A.作主语一常用句型：Tt +be4-adj./n.+(for/of sb.) to do sth.例：It takes sb. some time to do sth.B.作宾语一动词 want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare常接动词不定式作宾 语 o 例： He began to learn English at the age of four.C.作(后置)定语一常用于“have/has+sth.+to do"或“enough +名+to do'"Tt's time to do sth.”等结构中。例：I have nothing to say on this question.D.作宾语补足语一tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,构成 tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.结构。例： My mother asks me to drink milk every day.【注意】动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to："一感(feel),二听(listento,hear),三 让(let, make, have),四看(look at, see, watch, notice),半帮助(help)”。E.作状语一表示目的，结果或原因。too + adj ./adv. + to do sth.例：He is too young to go to school.Unit 3 Could you please clean the room?【重点短语】1. do the dishes 洗餐具3. fold the clothes 叠衣月艮2. take out the rubbish 侄U垃圾4. sweep the floor 扫地5. make the bed整理床铺6. work on从事;创作7. clean the living room 打扫起居室8. go out 出去9. stay out待在外面;不在家10. help out帮助做完某事11. in front of .的前面12. come over过来;顺便来访13. hang out 闲逛14. do chores 做家务15. at least 至少16. throw down 扔下17. all the time 频繁;反复【用法搭配】1. finish doing sth,做完某事2. Neither +连系动词be/助动词，青态动词十主语也不3. as. as.与样4. want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事5. try (not) to do sth.尽力(不)做某事6. hate to do sth,厌恶做某事7. make sb. do sth.让/使某人做某事【语法精讲】情态动词could的用法18. make the bed整理床铺19. work on从事;创作20. clean the living room 打扫起居室21. go out 出去22. stay out待在外面;不在家23. help out帮助做完某事24. in front of .的前面25. come over过来;顺便来访26. hang out 闲逛27. do chores 做家务28. at least 至少29. throw down 扔下30. all the time 频繁;反复【用法搭配】8. finish doing sth,做完某事9. Neither +连系动词be/助动词，青态动词十主语也不10. as. as.与样11. want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事12. try (not) to do sth.尽力(不)做某事13. hate to do sth,厌恶做某事14. make sb. do sth.让/使某人做某事【语法精讲】情态动词could的用法18. in surprise 惊讶地19. as soon as就20. a waste of time 浪费时间21. spend., on.在.上花费(时间或金钱)21.1 n order to 为了23 . depend on依靠;依赖24 .1ook after 照顾;照看25. keep it clean and tidy保持它干净整洁26. get into 进入27. take care of 照顾;处理28. as a result 结果29. fall ill 生病8. let sb. do sth.让某人做某事9. spend. doing sth,花费.做某事10. provide sth. for sb.向某人提供某物11. mind doing sth,介意做某事12. learn to do sth.学会做某事13.learn how to do sth.学会怎样做某事14. the+比较级,the十比较级越，就越.15. do one's part in (doing) sth.尽自己的职责做某事情态动词could构成的句型用于向对方委婉地提出请求或征求对方的许可。用于疑问句中，可代替can,在时间上与can没有区别，但语气要比can委婉、有礼貌。1 .委婉地请求别人做某事（提出请求）句型：Could you do.? / Could you please do.?你能吗？/请问你能吗？(2)肯定回答：Certainly./Of course./With pleasure./ No problem./Yes, sure.否定回答：No, I can't./Certainly not./ No, Tm afraid I cant例：一Could you please make your bed?你能整理你的床铺吗？一Yes, sure.好的，当然可以。2 .委婉地请求别人允许自己做某事(征求许可)(1)句型：Couldldo.?我可以做吗？(2)肯定回答： Yes, you can./Certainly./Yes, sure.否定回答：No, you can't./No, Tm afraid you cant例： 一Could I go shopping with my friend tomorrow, Mom?妈妈，我明天可以和朋友去逛街吗？No, you can't. You should take your piano lessons.不行，你要上钢琴课。Unit4 Why don't you talk to your parents ?【重点短语】I .hang out 闲逛2. too many太多(修饰可数名词)3. get into a fight 争吵4. go to sleep 去睡觉5. call sb. (up)给某人打电话6. be good at 擅长7. talk about 谈论8. on the phone在电话中9. have a fight 吵架10. look through快速查看;浏览11. give back 归还12. be angry with sb.生某人的气13. big deal重要的事情14. thanks for因.而感谢15. no problem 没问题16. work out成功地发展;解决17. get on with和睦相处;关系良好18. feel lonely 感到孤独19. sit down 坐下20. communicate with sb,与某人交流21. next time 下次22. make friends 交朋友23. be worried about 担心24. study for a test为考试而学习25. be afraid of 害.怕26. in front of在的前面27. not. anymore 不再28. play sports 做运动29. watch movies 看电影30. so much/ many 那么多”二原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究! 31. do homework做家庭作业have lessons 上课32. do chores 做家务cut out删除删去33. a few几个;少数【用法搭配】.allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事1. Why don't you do sth. ?你为什么不做某事呢?2. want to do sth.想要做某事find sb. doing sth.发现某人在做某事3. tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事 7.1et sb. do sth.让某人做某事36. all kinds of各种各样的compare. with比较/对比37. join after- school activities 参加课外活动in one's opinion 依看38. turn down 调小mind sb. doing sth.介意某人做某事9. not. until.直至k.10. want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事TVs time for sth.该做某事 了。11. It's+adj. +to do sth.做某事的。12. keep on doing 继续做What do you think of伯以、为.,怎么样?8. offer to do sth.主动提出做某事【语法精讲】1.用于提建议的句型及常用回答【用于提建议的句型】1. Shall 1 we.?其肯定回答一般可用：All right, OK, Good idea等。2. Let's？例如：Let's go and see the pandas. Let us go, will you?3. Why not.?例如：Why don't you go with me? =Why not go with me?4. How/What about.?例如：What about going out for a walk?5. had better意为“最好”,常用于口语，后接动词原形。例如：You had better stay at home. You'd better go now.6. Don't.例如：Don't play in the street. Don't throw it like that.7. Would you like+短语？后接 sth.或 to do sth.例如：Would you like another cup of tea? Would you like to go with me?【回答】(1).肯定: Good idea./ That9 s good idea.好主意OK/ All right./ Great 好/ 行/太好了 Yes, please ./I'd love to 是的/ 我愿意I agree with you我同意你的看法 No problem 没问题Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 当然可以 Yes, T think so对,我也这样想.否定: I don't think so我认为不是这样Sorry, I can't对不起，我不能 I'd love to, but. m afraid我愿意,但恐怕.until, so that,although 的用法until： till/until主句肯定式，其含义是“一直到 时"，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。主句用否定式，其含义是“直到才（notimtil.）：谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：Let's wait until/till the rain stops.We won't leave until the rain stops.Don't get off until the bus stops.so that：引导目的状语从句so that （为了，以便）例如：He studies hard so that he could work better in the futurealthough：相当于though （尽管，虽然）。不能与并列连词but连用例如： Although the book was old, we decided to buy it.Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?【重点短语】wait for 等候4. take a shower 洗澡1. look for 寻找5. pick up 接电话.go off （闹钟）发出响声6. make sure务必;确保7. have fun玩得开心fall asleep进人梦乡;睡着8. die down逐渐变弱;逐渐消失wake up醒来;叫醒9. in a mess凌乱不堪活L七八糟clean up打扫干净;整理10. in times of difficulty 在困难时期take photos 拍照;照相11. play the piano 弹钢琴turn on 打开12. listen to the radio 听收音机right away 立刻;马上【用法搭配】1. be busy doing sth,忙着做某事2.see sb./sth. doing sth.看见某人或某物正在做某事3. begin/start to do sth.开始做某事【语法精讲】过去进行时（一）定义：表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。（-）结构：was/were +doing （现在分词）（三）用法19. have a look 看一看20. get to 到达21. because of 因为22. make one's way前往;费力地前进23. in silence 沉默;无声24. take down拆除;往下拽;记录25. at first首先;最初26. tell the truth 说实话27. point out 指出28. go away 离去29. three times a week 一周三次30. call out大声叫唤31. ry to do sth.努力做某事32. It，s+adj. + to do sth,做某事的。33. have trouble （in） doing sth.做某事有困难1、过去进行时可以表示在过去具体的某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。常为 at this time yesterday（昨天这时），at that time last Monday（上周星期一那时），at five o'clock yesterday afternoon（昨天下午5点），when从句或while从句。如:What was she doing at nine o*clock yesterday?昨天晚上九点她在做什么？（介词短语表示时间点）