2023届湖南省永州市高三上学期第二次适应性考试（二模）英语试题（解析版）.docx

永州市2023年高考第二次适应性考试试卷英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B.£9.18.C. 9.15.答案是C.1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers going to do?A. Dine out.B. Take a flight.C. Go shopping.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Hurry up. Daddy is waiting outside in the taxi.W: Just a minute. I will take some food with us. I don't care fbr the food on the plane.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where are the speakers?A. In a library.B. In a bookstore.C. In the classroom.【答案】A【解析】【原文】 W: Excuse me, I really need this book for my research, Can I check it out, please?M: Sorry, books in this section cannot be borrowed. But I can find a similar book for you.W: That's great! Thanks!3 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What did the woman do last night?A. She watched a show.B. She gave a performance.C. She went to see her sister.【答案】AThe concept was first proposed in the mid-90s by registered dietitians Elyse Resch and Evelyn Tribole, who wrote Intuitive Eating. The first step is to reject the idea that you need to be on a diet to be healthy. You're encouraged to also give yourself "permission“ to eat all foods, to reject the idea of "good" and "bad" foods and to accept your natural body shape. Finally, you help make your body healthier by adding exercise, finding better ways than food to relieve your emotions and slowly shifting to more nutritious food choices.One of the biggest misunderstandings around intuitive eating is that nutrition goes out the window. Curiously, researches shows that in a traditional diet, caloric restriction is usually followed by a binge（放纵），where the body's primary drive to make sure it gets enough calories is more important than any desires for nutrition or moderation（自 我节制），which leads to disordered eating patterns. However, because intuitive eating allows all foods on the table, practitioners can make small, slow changes that ultimately are more long-lasting-toward eating more nutritionally.There isn't strong research to back up claims that intuitive eating helps with losing weight or eating more- nutritious food. However, in Keller's experience, a registered dietitian in Calgary, intuitive eating can help with overall weight maintenance. In addition, intuitive eaters do gain a healthier attitude toward food, compared to traditional dieters. Keller says, "When people decide to diet, what they actually want is to feel comfortable and confident and healthy in their own body. People have to be ready to overcome their constant desire to lose weight and control their body, and to realize that changing how they look on the outside isn't going to change those things on the inside.”What do we know about intuitive eating?A. It helps followers to lose weight by eating less.B. It prohibits followers from eating what they like.C. It encourages eaters to be on a diet to be healthy.D. It advises eaters to be healthier by exercising more.28. What does the underlined phrase "goes out the window" mean in the third paragraph?A. Exports.B. Disappears.C Destroys.D. Distributes.29. What is the Keller's attitude to intuitive eating?A. Favorable.B. Intolerant.C. Doubtful.D. Unclear.30. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. Does intuitive eating beat a conventional diet?B. How does intuitive eating work?C. Will intuitive eating help lose more weight?D. Should we bother to lose weight?【答案】28.D29. B 30. A 31. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要提到相对于传统饮食中认为节食可以增加健康，而直觉性饮食鼓励饮 食者拒绝“好”和“坏”食物。通过更多的锻炼，进而变得更健康。28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“The now-trendy diet of intuitive eating is, in a sense, an anti-diet: followers are encouraged to base what they eat on how they feel, not on prescribed limits or calorie counts.（从某种意义上 说，现在流行的直觉饮食是一种反对节食的饮食：鼓励追随者根据自己的感觉来决定吃什么，而不是根据 规定的限制或卡路里计数。）第二段中 “The first step is to reject the idea that you need to be on a diet to be healthy. You're encouraged to also give yourself “perniission“ to eat all foods, to reject the idea of “good” and “bad" foods and to accept your natural body shape. Finally, you help make your body healthier by adding exercise, finding better ways than food to relieve your emotions and slowly shifting to more nutritious food choices.v （第 一步是要拒绝那种认为你需要节食才能保持健康的想法。你也被鼓励给自己吃所有食物的“许可”，拒绝“好”和“坏”食物的想法，并接受你自然的身体形状。最后，通过增加锻炼，找到比食物更好的方法来 缓解情绪，慢慢地转向更有营养的食物选择，你的身体会变得更健康。）可知，直觉饮食鼓励饮食者拒绝“好，和“坏，食物的想法，并接受你自然的身体形状根据自己的感觉来决定吃什么，同时通过增加锻 炼，进而慢慢地转向更有营养的食物选择，让自己变得更健康。故选D。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词后句中 uCuriously, researches shows that in a traditional diet, caloric restriction is usually followed by a binge（放纵），where the body's primary drive to make sure it gets enough calories is more important than any desires for nutrition or moderation（自我节制），which leads to disordered eating patterns.”（奇怪的是，研究表明，在传统饮食中，热量限制通常会导致暴饮暴食，在这种情况下，身体获得足够热 量的主要驱动力比任何对营养或适度的渴望都更重要，这会导致饮食模式紊乱。）可知，在传统饮食中， 热量限制会使得身体对获得足够热量的渴望超过对任何对营养的渴望，最终导致饮食模式紊乱。可推知， 对于直觉性饮食而言，其鼓励饮食者拒绝“好”和“坏”食物的想法使得人们误解其可能会使得饮食中的 营养缺失，所以划线词此处的和选项B "disappear"的含义“消失”相一致，故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中 “in Keller's experience, a registered dietitian in Calgary, intuitive eating can help with overall weight maintenance. In addition, intuitive eaters do gain a healthier attitude toward food, compared to traditional dieters."（根据凯勒的经验，他是卡尔加里的一名注册营养师，直觉性饮食可以帮助维持整体 体重。此外，与传统的节食者相比，直觉性饮食者对食物的态度更加健康。）可知，Keller认为直觉性饮食 可以帮助维持整体体重，且直觉性饮食者对食物的态度更加健康。由此推知，对于直觉饮食他是赞同的。 故选Ao31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段 “Although most diets vary according to what foods you can eat, they all follow the same principle of restriction to lose weightyou need to eat less. The now-trendy diet of intuitive eating is, in a sense, an anti-diet: followers are encouraged to base what they eat on how they feel, not on prescribed limits or calorie counts."（虽然大多数饮食根据你可以吃什么食物而有所不同，但它们都遵循同样的减肥限制原 则你需要吃得更少。从某种意义上说，现在流行的直觉饮食是一种反对节食的饮食：鼓励追随者根 据自己的感觉来决定吃什么，而不是根据规定的限制或卡路里计数。）第二段中“You，re encouraged to also give yourself Upermission to eat all foods, to reject the idea of “good” and "bad” foods and to accept your natural body shape. Finally, you help make your body healthier by adding exercise, finding better ways than food to relieve your emotions and slowly shifting to more nutritious food choices. （你也被鼓励给自己吃所有食物的“许 可”，拒绝“好”和“坏”食物的想法，并接受你自然的身体形状。最后，通过增加锻炼，找到比食物更 好的方法来缓解情绪，慢慢地转向更有营养的食物选择，你的身体会变得更健康。）最后一段中“intuitive eating can help with overall weight maintenance. In addition, intuitive eaters do gain a healthier attitude toward food, compared to traditional dieters.（直觉性饮食可以帮助维持整体体重。此外，与传统的节食者相比， 直觉性饮食者对食物的态度更加健康。）可知，文章主要提到相对于传统饮食中认为节食可以增加健康， 直觉性饮食鼓励饮食者拒绝“好”和“坏”食物。通过更多的锻炼，进而变得更健康。因而本文主要讲述 针对直觉性饮食方法的讨论，所以文章的标题可以为“直觉性饮食是否胜过传统饮食？ ”，故选A。DOne morning a few years ago, at home in the Manoa Valley on Oahu, scientist Kimberly Carlson looked out of the window and saw a rainbow so bright and clear that it took her breath away. That wasn't a shocker: Hawaii is possibly the best place in the world to see rainbows today, and Manoa has particularly ideal conditions for clear bows: frequent rain showers and sunlight. But Carlson, now an environmental science professor now at New York University, realized she didn't know the answer to a simple question: Would climate change affect Hawaii's and the whole planefs breathtaking rainbows? She shared the question with some climate scientist colleagues, and it interested them so much that they enlisted a class full of students to investigate.Rainbows are not special because their basic ingredients are common and governed by relatively straightforward physics. "The basic recipe for seeing any part of the natural rainbow/9 says Lee, "is sunlit rain.In November, they published their findings. "Climate change is affecting rainbowsnow we know thafs true J says Carlson, the lead author on the paper, which used computer models to simulate future rainbow-ready conditions. As major weather patterns change because of climate change, many parts of the world-particularly places nearer to the poles, like Alaska or Siberia, will get more rainpotentially adding dozens more rainbow-rich days by the end of the century.The changes follow broader patterns of climate change; in fact, the shifts highlight some of the biggest risks and dangers. The increases in the Arctic, for example, are likely to play out because water that used to fall from the sky as snow will more often drop down as rain in a hotter future. And today's rainbow-rich Amazon is predicted to suffer more frequently droughtboth because the forest, which currently creates it sown rain, will lose that superpower as it shrinks, and because planet-wide climate change is shifting and changing the major weather patterns that cause tropical rainfall.31. Why does the author mention Carlson's experience in paragraph 1?A. To explain a rule.B. To introduce a topic.C. To present a fact.D. To make a prediction.32. What is the most important reason of seeing a natural rainbow?A. Frequent sunlight.B. Frequent rain showers.C. The sunlit rain.D. The geographic position.33. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A Climate change causes more rainbows.B. More rainbows worsen the climate condition.C. There will be less rainbows in Siberia.D. The temperature will be lower in Alaska.34. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. There may be more snow than rain in the Arctic.B. Rainbows will be on the increase always.C. Increase of rainbows is a natural phenomenon.D. Amazon may suffer from drought more frequently.【答案】32.B33. C 34. A 35. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过卡尔森多年前的一次看到彩虹的经历，进而提出气候变化正在影响彩 虹，而随着气候的变化，未来在靠近两极的地方，尤其是阿拉斯加或西伯利亚将会有更多的降雨，从 而增加几十个彩虹多的日子。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中 “Carlson looked out of the window and saw a rainbow so bright and clear that it took her breath away.（卡尔森向窗外望去，看到一道彩虹如此明亮清晰，让她屏住了呼吸。）及“ButCarlson, now an environmental science professor now at New York University, realized she didn't know the answer to a simple question: Would climate change affect Hawaii's and the whole planefs breathtaking rainbows? She shared the question with some climate scientist colleagues, and it interested them so much that they enlisted a class full of students to investigate."（但是卡尔森现在是纽约大学的环境科学教授，她意识到她不知道一个简单 问题的答案：气候变化会影响夏威夷和整个地球上令人惊叹的彩虹吗？她与一些气候科学家同事分享了这 个问题，他们对此非常感兴趣，于是他们招募了一班学生进行调查。）可知I,本段中提到卡尔森教授多年 前的这次经历，是为了引出本段中他们招募了学生进行调查的原因。即是为了引入本文讨论的话题。故选 Bo【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“"The basic recipe for seeing any part of the natural rainbow/9 says Lee, “is sunlit rainT”（“看到自然彩虹任何部分的基本方法，”李说，“就是阳光照耀的雨。”）可知，看到自然彩虹 的原因是阳光照耀的雨，故选C。【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段 “In November, they published their findings. "Climate change is affecting rainbows一 now we know that's true J says Carlson, the lead author on the paper, which used computer models to simulate future rainbow-ready conditions. As major weather patterns change because of climate change, many parts of the world-particularly places nearer to the poles, like Alaska or Siberia, will get more rain-potentially adding dozens more rainbow-rich days by the end of the century." （11月，他们发表了他们的发现。“气候变化正在影响彩 虹一一现在我们知道这是真的，”该论文的主要作者卡尔森表示。该论文利用计算机模型来模拟未来可见 彩虹的条件。随着主要天气模式因气候变化而发生变化，世界上许多地方尤其是靠近两极的地方，比 如阿拉斯加或西伯利亚将会有更多的降雨，到本世纪末，可能会增加几十个彩虹多的日子。）可知， 气候变化正在影响彩虹，而随着气候的变化，未来会有更多的彩虹。故选A。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中 “And today's rainbow-rich Amazon is predicted to suffer more frequently droughtboth because the forest, which currently creates it sown rain, will lose that superpower as it shrinks, and because planet-wide climate change is shifting and changing the major weather patterns that cause tropicalrainfall."（而今天这个彩虹般富饶的亚马逊地区预计将遭受更频繁的干旱，一方面是因为目前正在产生雨水的森林，随着它的萎缩，将失去这种超级力量，另一方面是因为全球范围内的气候变化正在改变和改变 导致热带降雨的主要天气模式。）可推知，未来亚马逊地区预计将遭受更频繁的干旱。故选D。第二节（共5小题海小题2.5分，满分125分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Productivity seems to be the holy grail（圣杯）of the working world. Imagine the perfect dayworking from dusk to dawn, a productivity machine. Thankfully, a productive lifestyle isn't all that difficult to achieve. 36 In line with that, here are some steps highly productive people do that you can carry out in your own life.There's one thing everyone must have in common - listening to our bodies. If we don't listen to our bodies, productivity isn't sustainable. 37 They notice signs such as lack of sleep and constantly feeling tired. But, most importantly, they act. During the working day, highly productive people know how their bodies work and adapt their schedules. For example, by doing small tasks first, productive people set themselves up for a successful afternoon.38 Every minute is maximized to its full potential, whether it's relaxing after work or a period of deep work. For starters, organizational tools such as Trello are popular, and with good reason. 39 Email marketers have more attractive tools such as Convert-Kit that automate the email sequence. Automating may sometimes be annoying to set up, but it saves so much time which better used elsewhere. When you learn to maximize your time as highly productive people do, maintaining longer periods of efficient work becomes easier.The benefits of prioritizing downtime can not be understated. Sleep, the ultimate rest, is vital to a productive person's weapon. For example, a study found that when you sleep for four hours or less consistently, your thinking ability declines to the equivalent of adding about eight years in age. Besides, as we know, your body needs time off from work. Think of the famous metaphor: you can't shoot an arrow without first pulling it back. 40.A. You must rest before you go again.B. You don't need to get anything done.C. The tools keep your mind in check and focus high.D. Highly productive people know when they9re burning out.E. All highly productive people manage their time effectively.F. However, useful tools like Convert-Kit extend beyond Trello.G. To be a productive person, you need simple and practical steps.【答案】36. G 37. D 38. E 39. F 40. A【解析】【导语】本是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种富有成效的生活方式需要几个步骤来实现。【36题详解】 根据下文 “In line with that, here are some steps highly productive people do that you can carry out in your own life. （与此相一致，下面是一些高效员工可以在自己的生活中完成的步骤。）”说明此处讲的是要实现高效需要几 个步骤，因此G项”要成为一个有生产力的人，你需要简单而实用的步骤”与下文一致，故选G。37题详解】根据下文 “They notice signs such as lack of sleep and constantly feeling tired.（他们注意到睡眠不足和持续感 到疲劳等迹象）”此处讲的是身体的疲劳感，因此D项“高生产力的人知道自己什么时候筋疲力尽”符合 语境，"bumingout”和下文“feeling tired. ”相呼应，故选D。【38题详解】根据下文“Every minute is maximized to its full potential, whether it's relaxing after work or a period of deep work.（无论是下班后放松，还是一段时间的深度工作，每一分钟都被充分发挥。）”说明的是时间管理，因 此E项“所有高效的员工都能有效地管理自己的时间”能够概括段意，故选E。【39题详解】 根据上文 u Email marketers have more attractive tools such as Convert-Kit that automate the email sequence.（电 子邮件营销人员拥有更具吸引力的工具，如自动化电子邮件序列的Convert-Kit o ）v此处与上文u For starters, organizational tools such as Trello are popular, and with good reason.（首先，像 Trello 这样的组织工具很受欢迎， 这是有充分理由的）”形成对比，因此F项“然而，像ConvertKit这样的有用工具超出了 Trell