Unit3I’mmoreoutgoingthanmysister课时3Grammar八年级英语讲义32.docx

Unit 3 Pm more outgoing than my sister.®目标导航Grammar （课时 3）取知识精讲形容词和副词的比拟级一、定义比拟级用于两者（人或事物）的比拟，表示其中一个比另一个"更"或"较",后面用连词（han 连接另一个所比拟的人或事物。二、用法.表示两个人或事物作比拟时，形容词要用比拟级形式，形容词比拟级之后常用than引出比拟的对象。This pen is longer than that one.这支钢笔比那支长。、New York is bigger than Cambridge.纽约比剑桥大。1 .表示两者之间的选择，意为"哪一个更”。'孝罗Who is taller, Lily or Lucy?莉莉和露西相比，谁更高？三、形容词比拟级的变化1.形容词或副词的比拟级的规那么变化：YWhat's the best title of this passage?规那么变化构成方式例词单音节和局部双音节词一般在词尾加-er, -estsmall>smaller>smallesthard>harderhardest以不发音的字母e结尾的词，加-r, -stlarge>largerlargest wide*widerwidest以两个辅音字母加一个元音字 母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写词尾的辅音字母,再加-er, -estbig>bigger*biggestthin>thinner>thinnest以“辅音字母+y "结尾的词，变 y 为 i,再加-er, -estugly>uglier>uglicst early>carlicr>carlicstA. Leam to Listen to PeopleB. How to Look NiceC. How to Be OutgoingD. How to Make More Friends六、短文汉语提示填空通读短文，根据首字母填写单词，使短文完整流畅。What is a library for? Most libraries have books and other things to r51. . Many of them have things to listen to. Some libraries even have c52. . Very f53. people would think of a library as a place to live in.One library in New York City t54. into a home for 250 people for a few days. There were people e55. in the library. They slept on the floor. W56. did the people move into the library?The people moved into the library b57. the city wanted to close it to s58. money. These 250 New Yorkers loved their library. They didn't want to 159. it. So they moved in. They knew that the library couldn,t be closed if they were living inside it. At last, the city a60. to keep the library open, and the people all went home.少数以er或ow结尾的双音节词，词尾加-er, -estnarrow>narrower>narrowestclever>cleverer>cleverest多音节其他双音节词和多音节词及分词形容词，在词前加more, mostimportant>more important>most important easily»more easilymost easily比拟级规那么变化口诀两者之间做比拟，尾巴-ei少不了；一般词尾加-er,有e词尾只加-r；单一辅音单音节，双写词尾加-er；辅音加y很重要，去y变i加-er； 双多音节字太长，前加more比它强。2.不规那么变化bad/badly>worse>worst： much/many>more>most： good/wellbetter»best；farfarthcr/ftirthcrfartlwst/furthest： old>older/eldcr>oldcst /eldest； little>less>lcast【易错警示】farther/farthesl和further/furthest的区别:二者表示距离时，往往可互换，但是用于引申义, 表示程度时，只能使用后者。不规 He can throw much farther/further than you.他可以比你扔得远得多。那 么 His suggestion is that Kate should be sent abroad for further education.他的建议是凯特被派往 变化 国外进修。1. older/oldest和elder/eldest的区别：前者用于人或者物，可作定语和表语,可与than连用， 而后者主要用于家人之间，说明长幼关系，往往用于人，不用于物，而且只作定语不作表 语，也不与than连用。I'm two years older than him.我比他大两岁。His elder brother works in a clothing factory.他哥哥在一家服装厂工作。不规那么名词变化记忆口诀合二为一共三对，坏病两多和两好；一分为二有两个，一是远来二是老；还有一词含双义，只记少来不记小。(对应的词为:bad/ill, many/much, good/well, far, old, little)三、形容词比拟级前的修饰词比拟级前可以用much、a a lot、even> rather> still、any、a bil、far等词修饰，起强调作用，不 可用very、so、quile、too(只能修饰原级)等修饰。Believe me, you really look much better than before.相信我，你看起来真的比以前好多了。He is a lot tailer than me.他比我高很多。They went there a little later than others.他们比其他人稍微去晚一点儿。It's even bigger than an island.它甚至比一座岛屿都大。He is far stronger than his brother.他比他哥哥强壮得多。四、形容词、副词比拟级的用法1 .最根本句型"主语+ bc(is/am/arc) +形容词比拟级+ than +比拟对象”。than后接人称代词时可以 是主格或宾格。than前后的比拟对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比拟。She is a little more outgoing than me.她比我性格外向一点。2 .比拟级前可以用 much、a little、a lot evens ratherstill> any> a bil、far 等词修饰，起强调作用， 不可用very、so、quite、too(只能修饰原级)等修饰。It's cold today, but it is going to be even colder tomorrow.今天很冷，但明天会更冷。3 .在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比拟级形式。Who do you think is more beautiful, Lucy or Lily?你认为谁更漂亮，露茜还是莉莉？4 .当两者比拟只出现一方，含有of the two/of the twins结构时，比拟级前要加the,意为"两个中比拟He is the taller of the two boys.他是两个男孩中个了较高的一个。5 . " gct/bcc +形容词比拟级+ and +形容词比拟级"是"变得越来越"的意思，and连接同一个 形容词的比拟级。当表示"越来越"时，形容词为多音节词或一些双音节词，用" more and more+原级" 结构。It ge(s warmer and warmer when spring es.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。6 . "the+形容词比拟级,the +形容词比拟级"意为"越就越"。两个"比拟级"不要求 一定词性相同，它们各自的词性要依句子的需要而定。The harder you work at your study, the better grades you will have.你学习越努力，你的成绩就越好。7 .表示"比大(长、多、宽)几倍"，用” .times +形容词比拟级+than."结构。Our classroom is twice larger than yours.我们的教室比你们的大两倍。8 .表示"重几斤“、"高几厘米"、"大几岁"等，可用"表示数量的词+形容词比拟级+ than”。Tom is six years older than you.汤姆比你大六岁。9 .当表达"之一 "、"第儿大卜/高/矮"时，往往用最高级，而不用比拟级。The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。10 ."形容词比拟级+ than any other +单数可数名词"表示"比其他的任何都”，此句 型可以换成最高级。Li Lei is cleverer than any other student in the class.=Li Lei is the cleverest student in the class.李磊是班上最聪明的学生。11 . " more+形容词"与"less +形容词"及not so(as).as的互换。要注意前后比拟对象要倒换位置。Chinese is more important than English.=English is less important than Chinese.=English is not so important as Chinese.汉陪比英语重要。12 .比拟级的替代。使用比拟级时，前后两个比拟项要保持一致。假设前一个比拟项是不可数名词，那么后一个比拟项可 为替代词thato假设前一个比拟项是可数名词及数，那么后一个比拟项可为替代词those。The weather in Nanjing is warmer than that in Beijing in winter.在冬天南京的天气比北京暖和。The students of Class One study harder than those of Class Two.一班同学比二班同学学习用功。比拟级的使用原那么：（1）自身不进行比拟，排除自己的方法是使用any otheroHe is taller than any other boy in his class.（不能去掉other）他比他班里的其他任何男孩都高。（2）比拟的对象必须是同类的人或事物。My name is longer than yours.（不能将yours写成you）我的名字比你的名字长。【名师点睛】1.两者进行比拟,1.两者进行比拟,1.两者进行比拟,1.两者进行比拟,表示"一方比另一方更"时用1. ) A + be+ than + B2. ) A + + than + B2.两者进行比拟,表示"一方与另一方一样"时用3. ) A + be+一 形容词原级+ +B) A + + as + B3.两者进行比拟,3.两者进行比拟,3.两者进行比拟,问"其中哪一个更"时用4. ) Who is +, A or B ?5. ) Which is +, A or B ?但能力拓展(2021 吉林长春市中考真题)Hi, Mom is than any other film that Tve ever seen.A. popularB. the most popular C. too popular D. more popular(2021 贵州毕节市中考真题)My brother Bob is hard-working than me, but 1 am thanhim.A. most; funnier B. most; funniest C. more; funD. more; funnier(2021 湖南郴州市中考真题)【think children learn to look after themselves,it is for their future.A. the earlier; the better B. the earliest; the best C. the early, the good（2021 辽宁朝阳市中考真题）Jane has bee than before. She can express herself in public now.A. much outgoing B. most outgoing C. more outgoing D. less outgoing（2021 安徽合肥市）一How was your job interview last week?一Oh, I couldn't 佗el. I could hardly answer most of the questions they asked.A. betterB. happierC. worseD. easier分层提分题组A根底过关练一、单项选择She says my friend is similar me, but I think she is different me.A. to fromB. as fromC. to toD. as toHi, do you know Zhong Nanshan?一Yes. He went to Wuhan to curb spread of corona-virus. His story me.A. savedB. missedC. touchedD. worried6. He walkedOru： the forest on foot last month.A. althoughB. thoughC. boughtD. throughAre you clear to use a puter to draw?一Yes. I have learned it with the help of my teacher.A. whatB. howC. whenD. whichThe whole team cried when they finally won the basketball game.A. angrilyB. sadlyC. quietlyD. happilyMum, 1 didn't pass the English test again.一That's all right. Just like the weather, life be beautiful all the time.A. can'tB. needn'tC. shouldn'tD. mustn't一Were there any people in the building when the big fire broke out（爆发）?Yes, there were more than one hundred. Luckily,of them were killed in the fire.A. eachB. bothC. allD. noneWhich city is, Sally, Shanghai or Fuzhou?A. beautifulB. much beautifulC. much more beautifulC. much more beautifulC. much more beautifulC. much more beautifulD. the most beautiful一I think (hat Eric writes as as Belly?So he docs.A. more carefulB. carefullyC. careful Time is money.一But I think it is money.A. the same asB. as important asC. more important than题组B能力提升练二、完成句子这是我看过的最令人冲动的电影。This is the movie that I've seen.7. 阳光旅馆里的房间是附近最大最干净的。The rooms in Sunshine Hotel are (he and around here.8. 世界上最受欢送的运动工程是什么？What's sport in the world?9. 莉莉比我更聪明。Lily is me.10. 将来会有越来越多的新技术使我们的生活更便利。new technologies in (he future to make our life more convenient.三、用所给单词的正确形式填空My sister is(good) at Maths than I. She often helps me with it.11. English is a very(use) language in the world today.12. I know something about the film. Can you tell me(much)?13. The whole holiday was really(enjoy), from start to finish.14. All of them were(surprise) at the news.15. Yuan Longping, one of the (great) scientists in the world, is known as “Father of hybrid rice".16. (2021 黑龙江鸡西市中考真题)The harder you work, the(luck) you will be.17. (2021 甘肃天水市中考真题)We Chinese are(pride) of the great changes in our country.18. (2021江苏盐城市中考真题)Li Bai and Du Fu, two of the greatest poets in Chinese history, formed a friendship, (last)（2021 甘肃兰州市中考真题）It is one of the（big） supermarkets in Lanzhou.题组C培优拔尖练 四、完型填空Have you ever wondered why you arc the way you arc? What makes you 31 from your brothers and sisters?People have asked these questions fbr centuries, and 32 are trying to answer them. One idea they're exploring is that birth order 33 the person we bee. In general, the oldest child is described as 34.organized, dutiful（尽H只的），and determined （o get what he or she wants. Oldest children are seen as born leaders. Their younger brothers and sisters sometimes 35（hem as bossy（专横的）.They are always willing to （ellyounger brothers and sisters what they should do just36 they're the oldest.The middle child may be described as being petitive in order to get more 37. They 38 feel thattheir family ignores（无视）them because they are in the middle. Because middle children tend to avoid conflictsG中 突），they can be friendly and 39. They arc usually more influenced by their friends than by their family,perhaps because they get more attention from 40 friends.The youngest child is 41 as the baby of the family. They can be spoiled（宠爱）by their 42,who spend a lot of time with them and often give them what they want. 43 children enjoy being the center of attention, and they are seen as outgoing, open-minded, and likely to take risks.What if you're an only 44? Many people think that a child with no brothers or sisters needs lots ofattention as he or she 45. Some think they're selfish, or unwilling to share with others.31. A. absentB. similarC. sameD. different32. A. researchersB. writersC. reportersD. teachers33. A. changesB. influencesC. createsD. finds34. A. unluckyB. confidentC. seriousD. special35. A. chooseB. wishC. seeD. hear36. A. thoughB. whenC. becauseD. unless37. A. achievementB. attentionC. strengthD. power38. A. sometimesB. seldomC. neverD. hardly39. A. outgoingB. cruelC. poorD. upset40. A. yourB. ourC. itsD. their41. A. describedB. discoveredC. understoodD. realizedA42. A. friendsB. partnersC. teachersD. parents43. A. OldestB. RichestC. YoungestD. Weakest44. A. childB. adultC. studentD. boy45. A. puts upB. cuts upC. turns upD. grows up五、阅读单项选择Do you know that you arc not outgoing enough? Do you want to make friends, but arc you too shy? Read the following rules. They will help you.Feel fbriable. Always be clean. Shower, brush your teeth, and try to look nice. Dress in clean clothes. They must make you feel good and fortable. Those make you feel more confident （自信的）.Smile more often.Try to smile more often at people. It will make them think that you are friendly. Then they'll talk to you more even if they don't know you.Just talk.Somc people worry about talking because they think,uWhat am I going to talk about with that person?z/ Outgoing people don't even think about it. They just go up to people and say what they think.Listen to people.You can't just talk. People will think that you're self-centered（以自我为中心的）.Yo have to listen to others and give your ideas. Let them know what you think.Read the news.Don't just stay at home and do nothing. Surf the Net for news and information, and tall aboutthem when you're with friends.46. The rules in the passage will help youA. study betterC. stay healthierWhat makes you feel good and fortable?A. Smile at other people.C. Have a nice look.47. If you smile at people,.A. it's easier to meet themC. it shows that you are too shyThe third rule means that.A. you should be friendlyC. you should talk much and never thinkmake more friendsD. finish your homeworkB. Talk with other people.D. Read more books.B. they'll think you're friendlyD. they'll think you're crazyB. you should think moreD. you should say what you are thinking