备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力训练02 时态要点精读与精练.docx
备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清(通用版)动词的时态1.常用常考的动词时态和用法:(以do为例)名称构成用法一般现在时do/does,(连系动词is/am/are)1 .一般现在时表示经常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格 言,目前的特征、状态、能力等。2 .主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。 ril go there after I finish my work.If it rains tomorrow,! won't go there.3 .在以here,there开头的句子里,go,come等少数动词的一般在时表示 正在发生的动作。There goes the bell.铃响 了。There comes the bus.汽车来了。Here she comes.她来了。一般过去时did,(连系动词was/were)表达特定的过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状况,或过去某一时间内 经常发生或反复发生的动作或行为。现在进行时is/am/are doing1 .表示正在进行的动作。2 .表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。He is working as a teacher tomorrow.从明天起他要做老师。My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。3 .代替一般现在时,描绘更加生动。The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.长江江水滚滚向东流。The task in one hour if there are enough people.44 .昨晚我喝了太多的茶以至于无法入睡。I to fall asleep last night.45 .只要你努力,就没有什么可担忧的。There's nothing to worry about.46 .没有人知道他最后是怎么减肥的。Nobody knewfinally.47 .从那时起,北京以举办两届奥运会而闻名。Since then, Beijinghosting two Olympic Games.48 .我上初中才习惯每天早上跑步。I to running every morning I entered junior high school.49 .有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎?(完成译句)It is always a pleasure to greet a friend who, a far-away place.50 .端午节那天,我在响沙湾骑的那头骆驼很懒惰。On Dragon Boat Festival, the camel in Xiangsha Bay was lazy.51 .在你踏上新的旅程的时候,不要忘记你来自哪里。As you on your new journey, you shouldn't forget where you came from.52 .Tom很外向,在各个方面都像他的妈妈。Tom is quite outgoing and he her mum in all ways.53 .迄今,很少有朋友长期坚持跑步。So far, few friends running.54 .在过去的几周中,你成功地应对了这些压力。You the pressure successfully in the past few weeks.55 .有时候成功者只是一个永不放弃的追梦者。(完成译句)Sometimes a winner is just a dreamer who never.56 .那名警察在追捕罪犯时受了严重的伤。That policeman hurt badly while he after thecriminal.57 .你们的学习成绩与态度和努力有关。Your grades our attitude and hard work.58 .自从画家埃尔热于1929年创造出丁丁(Tintin)这个形象,他已经红了 80多年。since the artist Herge invented him in 1929.59 .他的爷爷总是回顾过去。His grandpa always at the past.60 .我的哥哥已经增加了六磅。My brother six pounds.61 .我来武威已经十多年了。I have Wuwei for more than ten years.62 .在新的旅行启程之际,我们不应忘了自己来自何处。(完成译句)We shouldn't forget where we come from as we on our new journey.63 .谷爱凌在北京冬奥会上展示出自己最好的一面。Eileen Gu the best in herself at the Beijing Winter Olympics.64 .我为参加2022北京冬奥会的中国健儿们感到骄傲。I of all the Chinese players in the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing.65 .学校很快将提供劳动教育,帮助青少年学习生活技能。Schools will soon labor education for teenagers to help them learn life skills.66 .老师编了一个有趣的故事讲给孩子们听。The teacher an interesting story and told it to the children.67 .妈妈习惯早起为全家做丰富的早餐。My mother to getting up early to make a big breakfast for my family.68 .使我们吃惊的是,黄冈近几年发生了很大变化。To our surprise, great changes in Huanggang in the past few years.69 .我们习近平总书记是一位了不起的领导,我们中国人都很钦佩他。Our president, Xi Jinping is a great leader. We Chinese all him.70 .当李敏有困难时,她的同学帮助了她,所以她永远感谢大家。When Li Min was in trouble, her classmates helped her out, so she all of them forever.71. 宇航员在月球上登陆使全世界都感到惊讶!The landing of astronauts on the moon.72 .这个令人失望的结果与你的粗心有关。Such a disappointing result your carelessness.73 .在北京冬奥会上冰墩墩成了最受欢迎的明星。Bing Dwen Dwen the most popular in Beijing Winter Olympics.74 .会议由于新冠疫情被推迟了。The meeting was because of the COVID-19.75 .你已经习惯看新闻节目了吗?Have you already been watching the news?76 .我在尽我最大的努力帮助他学习英语。I'm my to help him study English.77 .学生们都期盼着老师的答复。All students are to the teacher's reply.78 .我的身体不好,因此医生建议我每天至少走10, 000步。I am unhealthy,.79 .我母亲过去常常在我生病时给我读这本书。My mother read the book to me when I was ill in bed.80 .冰墩墩非常受欢迎,在冬奥会最后一天,近两百万个相关产品被抢购一空。Bing Dwen Dwen was so popular that two million related products were on the final day ofthe Olympic Winter Games.三、短文填空1What would people like to eat on their birthday? The answer would be different in different countries.In many countries, people have birthday 81 with candles. The number of candles 82 the person's age. The birthday person must make 83 wish and blow out the candles. If he or she blows out all the candles in one go, the wish will come 84. In the UK, people sometimes put a candy in a birthday cake.The child 85 the candy is lucky.In China, it is 86 popular to have cake on your birthday. But many people still eat very long noodles for 87 birthday. They never cut up the noodles 88 the long noodles are a symbol of long life. In some places, Chinese people also eat eggs on their birthday. They are a 89 of life and good luck.All of these birthday foods may be different, but the ideas are the 90, They bring good luck to the birthday person.2 根据短文内容及所给提示,补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。Hello. I'm your AI robot Andy. Nice to meet you! I will always be 91 (wake) because I never go to sleep. So I can look 92 you very carefully. Now lefs play 93 game. I'll describe some kinds of activities. Please match the topic with the description. Are you r 94? Go!Art It's a great way to teach you the 95 (important) of using your own hands to create something from nothing.Reading If you lose 96 (you) in it, you can find a whole new world without leaving your house. A 97 you can do better than non-readers in the school work and exams.Sports They are physical activities. People play a 98 each other. Sometimes it's even more dangerous. Speed, skills and teamwork are needed.Music Maybe you are not 99 (natural) more musical than others. If you e 100 singing, dancing or playing an instrument, they can be great hobbies.3In our country every school has a library. I'm sure you 101 (read) many books. You borrow them from the school library and keep them 102 some time. Maybe you 103 get books from your parents or friends as 104 (present). If you like reading and want 105 (learn) more, you may often go to bookshops and buy some yourself.Have you 106 thought of how people make a book? Different people must check it several times107 it comes out. After someone 108 (finish) reading a book, the book passes through the hands of many other people. Everyone in the factory, has to work very carefully because 109 must not be any mistake in it. Many people are busy 110 (work) on it. They print it on good paper and put the pieces together before it goes to the bookshop.Books are our good friends. Since we all like reading. Let's take good care of books. 参考答案 、LA【解析】句意:露西,你妹妹在哪里? 看,她在院子里和我们的狗玩。 考查动词时态。根据“Look”可知句子是现在进行时,应选A。2 .C【解析】句意:看!大象正在喝水。考查时态。根据“Look”可知此处指“看”的动作发生时,正在进行的动作,用现在进行时。应选C。3 .D【解析】句意:哇,你今天穿的裙子真漂亮! 一谢谢。我奶奶在我上次生日时给我买的。考查动词时态。根据"on my last birthday”可知,该句是一般过去时,空处需要填写动词过去式,应选D。4 .C【解析】句意:当他开车时,他睡着了。哦,太危险了!考查时态。根据"while he was driving.”可知描述过去的事,用一般过去时。应选C。5 .C【解析】句意:他容许两点到这里。然而,他还没有到。考查时态。句中关键词“yet”用于否认句或疑问句中时表示“尚未”,是现在完成时的标志词。结合语境,此 处用现在完成时。应选C。6.B【解析】句意:这里是120,我能怎么帮您呢? 我儿子刚刚从树上摔下来,摔破了脑袋。你能 派辆救护车到我家吗?考查一般过去时。根据"just”和"broke”可知句子描述的是刚刚发生的事情,句子应用一般过去时,谓语动词 应用过去式fell。应选B。1.8 【解析】句意:我们好久没有见面了。你变了许多。考查动词时态。根据"We haven't seen each other for such a long time."可知很久没见面了,句子用的现在完成 时;结合选项可推测自从上次见面到现在发生了变化,应用现在完成时。应选B。1.9 【解析】句意:这位富有创造力的科学家在四十多岁时创造了许多有用的工具。考查动词的时态。根据"in his forties”可知,描述过去的事情,应用一般过去时,应选B。9 .D【解析】句意:丹妮自从去年六月就为考试做准备了。他取得了一个令人开心的结果。考查介词辨析。while当时候,连词;after之后,介词或连词;before之前,介词或连词;since自从,介词或连词。根据"Danny has been ready for the exam . last June. He got a pleasant result”可知前半句用的是现 在完成时,结合选项,since用于现在完成时并符合整个语境。应选D。10 . A【解析】句意:让我们帮蒂娜一把。她正在山上种树。考查动词的时态。根据前句"Let's give Tina a hand”可以看出蒂娜正在做某事,所以使用现在进行时(be doing)o 应选 A。11 .C【解析】句意:完美的照片,好技术!一谢谢!我从七岁时就开始学习拍照了。考查动词时态。根据时间状语从句“since I was seven years old.”可知主句的时态为现在完成时态,其结构为 have/has+过去分词,应选C。12 .D【解析】句意:如果我们能在日常生活中遵循3R规那么减少、再利用、再循环,大量的能源将会被 节省。考查被动语态。if引导条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,主语energy与动词save之间是被动关系,故此 处用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构,应选D。13 .D【解析】句意:艾丽斯收集了 300多片美丽的叶子。我们迫不及待地想见到它们。考查时态。根据"We can't wait to see them.”可知是发生在过去的动作“收集”造成了一个结果“我们迫不及待地 想见到它们”,应用现在完成时态。应选D。14 . B【解析】句意:我很高兴我打破了我们学校100米赛跑的记录。考查时态。根据was可知是一般过去时态,宾语从句遵循“主过从过”,应选B。15 .C【解析】句意:斯特拉,听到门铃声去开门。我正在洗衣服。考查动词时态。根据"Stella, answer the bell please.”及语境可知,此处是指门铃响时正在洗衣服,所以用现在 进行时。应选C。16 . B【解析】句意:看! Lucy正在教室里跳舞。考查现在进行时。根据"Look”可知句子描述的是现在正在发生的事情,句子应用现在进行时。应选B。17 . B【解析】句意:Amy,我昨天晚上给你打 了,但是没人接。哦,那时我正在和我妈妈散 步。考查动词时态。根据语境“I called you yesterday evening, but nobody answered the phone.”可知,这里指昨 晚打 的时候正在,应用过去进行时。应选B。18 .C【解析】句意:机器人帮助我清洁地板,它已经成为我生活中的一个好帮手。考查时态。根据、good helper in my life.”可知,机器人已经成为我生活中的好帮手这个状态从过去持续到现 在而且还将持续下去,故用现在完成时,现在完成时构成:have/has+done,因为主语为“it",故用has+done。 应选C。19 . A【解析】句意:杰克的妈妈要求他从公共场所回来时要仔细洗手。考查动词的时态。根据"when he.from public places.”可知,此处是when引导的时间状语从句,根据“requires” 可知,主句是一般现在时,故从句也是一般现在时,从句主语he是第三人称单数,故动词用其第三人称单 数形式。应选A。20. B【解析】句意:我找不到我的宠物猫了。我猜它正在床下睡觉。考查时态。根据"I can't find my pet cat.”可知,找不到宠物猫,猜想它正睡在床下,用现在进行时。应选B。21.B【解析】句意:如果这个星期天天气好的话,我们去骑自行车吧。听起来不错。但是没人知道会不会下雨。考查动词时态。第一空所在句子是状语从句,根据“this Sunday”可知,遵循主将从现的原那么,主句应该是一 般将来时,从句是一般现在时,主语是it,所以空处应该填写is;第二空是所在句是宾语从句,同样根据“thisSunday",主句是一般现在时,从句是一般将来时,应选B。22. D【解析】句意:你父亲去过北京吗? 是的。他两个月前去那了。考查动词时态。根据时间状语“two months ago”可知,句子应用一般过去时,故动词应用过去式went。应选 DoA【解析】句意: 鲍勃离开后还没有回过家乡。他现在在哪里? 抱歉。我不知道。考查连词辨析。since自从;until直到;when当的时候;because因为。根据“Bob hasn't been back to hishometown.he left”可知,此处表示“自从”他离开,用since引导时间状语从句,主句用现在完成时,从句用 一般过去时。应选A。23. C【解析】句意:看白云和蓝天。雨停了。考查动词时态。根据"Look at the white clouds and blue sky. The rain”可知,雨停了对现在造成的影响就是看到 了白云和蓝天,用现在完成时have/has done的结构,应选C。24. A【解析】句意:现在我正在写一个读书报告。我能晚点再和你聊吗?考查时态。write写,是动词,根据“now”可知,此处用现在进行时,应选A。25. C【解析】句意:王先生现在没有空。他正在办公室备课。考查动词时态。根据“Mr. Wang isn'tnow.”可知,下文是“他正在办公室备课”,此处用现在进行时时态,其结构是be doing的形式,prepare“准备”,是动词,现在分词是preparing。应选C。26. C【解析】句意:我第一次见到他的时候,他正在和朋友们踢足球。考查过去进行时。根据"When I met him for the first time, hefootball with fHends.”可知,强调过去见到时,正 在踢足球,用过去进行时,应选C。27. B【解析】句意:Maria,你觉得梵净山怎么样? 非常棒。我去过那两次。我还想再去那。考查时态。根据力there twice.”可知,事情已经发生且已完成,所以用现在完成时态,have gone (to)去了; have been (to)去过,此处应用have been,表示“去过两次"。应选B。28. D【解析】句意:每年有数百名婴儿出生在这个城镇,因此我们需要更多的婴儿护理中心。考查被动语 态。be born in“出生于";根据every year可知句子用一般现在时,主语是名词复数,be动词用are。应选D。29. C【解析】句意:李明想要一件新衬衫。他打算穿它去参加晚晏。考查一般将来时。根据“Li Ming wants a new shirt,”可知事情还没有发生,应用一般将来时。应选C。30. C【解析】句意:你已经看了金刚川这部电影吗?是的,我上周看了。太令人惊奇了。考查一般过去时。根据"last week”可知,句子时态是一般过去时,动词用过去式。应选C。31. B【解析】句意: 我可以和玛丽讲话吗? 请等一下。她正在厨房洗碗。考查动词时态。根据"Hold on, please. She . the dishes in the kitchen.”可知,此处表示她正在洗碗,时态用现 在进行时be doing;主语为"She”, be动词用is。应选B。32. D【解析】句意:在黄山度假,你会选择哪家酒店? 黄山宾馆。这是一家很棒的酒店,去年夏 天我们在那里住了一周。考查时态。根据"last summer”可知句子使用一般过去时态,动词用过去式,应选D。33. A【解析】句意:当埃里克正在写电子邮件时,他的弟弟正在外面玩耍。考查过去进行时。根据"While Eric was writing an e-mail”可知,此处使用while引导时间状语从句,表示主句 和从句是同时进行的持续性动作,时态应用过去进行时was/were doingo应选A。34. D【解析】句意:听!有人正在念杜甫的古诗春望。考查现在进行时。根据"Listen!”可知该句描述说话时正在发生的事情,句子应用现在进行时,其结构为: am/is/are+现在分词。应选D。35. C【解析】句意:我可以和布莱克先生讲话吗? 抱歉,对不起,他出差到北京已经一个星期了, 不过过几天就会回来。考查动词时态。for+一段时间要与现在完成时一起连用,且动词要用延续性动词,C选项符合,应选C。36. C【解析】句意:你去过欢乐时光公园吗? 是的。我去年去过那里。考查动词时态。根据时间状语“last year”可知,此处应用一般过去时态。应选C。37. B【解析】句意:先完成作业,然后你就可以看一个小时的电视了。考查情态动词。can可以;be able to能够;are able to能够;could可以,can的过去式。根据"you'll”可知空 前有will,此处不用can或could, will后接动词原形。应选B。39. D【解析】句意:你很了解他吗? 当然了。我们自从十年前就成为了朋友。考查动词时态。根据"since ten years ago”可知本句应为现在完成时。应选D。40. D【解析】句意:这部电影很精彩。我已经看了三遍了。考查动词的时态。根据three times,可知时态是 现在完成时。主语I后接have+过去分词。应选D。二、made it possible【解析】make it possible to do sth”使做某事成为可能”,动词不定式作真正宾语,it作形式 宾语,描述过去发生的事情,时态为一般过去时,动词make用过去式,故填made it possible。41. are looking forward to【解析】look forward to doing sth”期待做某事”,此处应用现在进行时be doing的结 构,主语we是复数形式,be动词用are,故填are looking forward to。42. will be finished【解析】finish“完成”,if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,主语task与动词Enish 之间是被动关系,用一般将来时被动语态W川be done,故填w川be finished。43. drank too much tea【解析】too.to“太而不能”,drink"喝",too much tea“太多茶”,时态是一般过去时,动词用过去式,故填drank too much tea。44. as long as you try【解析】as long as“只要”,引导条件状语从句;you“你”,作从句的主语;try“努力”,作 从句的谓语。故填as long as you try。45. how he lostweight!解析】此句是宾语从句,应用陈述语序,how怎么”;he“他";lose weight“减肥”,主句是一般过去时,动词用过去式,故填how; he; lost; weighto46. has been famous#known for【解析】因为而闻名:be famous/known for;根据“Since then”可知句子使用现在完成时have/has done,主语是Beijing,助动词用has。故填has; been; famous/known; fOFo47. didn't get used until【解析】直到才:not.until;习惯于做某事:get used to doing sth.;根据"I entered”可知句子使用一般过去时,变否认句时借助助动词didnt后加动词原形。故填didn't; get; used; untilo48. comes from【解析】come from"来自' 句子是一般现在时,friend是单数名词,动词用三单形式, 故填 comes; fromothat I rode【解析】分析句子可知,此处是一个定语从句,主语是力”;谓语动词应用过去式是 "rode"“骑”;先行词是"the camel”,因此用关系词“that”作宾语。故填that; I; rode。49. set out tm/rJ根据汉语提示可知此空缺少动词短语“踏上”即“出发”,可译为“setout”,此句为“As”引导 的时间状语从句,因此从句要用一般现在时表示将来的动作,主语为“you”,动词用原形。故填set out。50. takes after【解析】take afte门象(某家庭成员)“,句子时态是一般现在时,主语“he”是第三人称单数, 动词take用单数形式。故填takes afterohave stuck to【解析】stick to“坚持”,固定短语,结合"So far”可知,句子应用现在完成时,主语是复数名 词,助动词用have,故填have stuck to。51. have dealt with【解析】deal with”处理,应对“,作谓语;根据"in the past few weeks”可知,时态用现在完 成时:have/has done;主语是"You”,助动词用have, deal的过去分词是dealto故填have dealt withogivesup【解析】放弃:give up;描述客观情况,用一般现在口寸,关系词who代替先行词a dreamer,在从句中作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填gives; upowas running【解析】run after“追逐”,动词短语;根据汉语”在追捕罪犯时”可知,表示过去某刻正在做什么,要用过去进行时be doing;主语为“he”,be动词用was, run的分词为running。故填was; running。52. are related to#are connected with#have something to do with#have to do with【解析】根据中英文对照可知,空处要表达的意思是“与有关主语是"grades”,句子时态是一般现在时,实义动词动词使用动词 原形,be 动词用 are; be related to/be connected with/have something to do with/have to do with 表示“与有关”。故填 are related to/are connected with/have something to do with/have to do withoTintin has been popular for over eighty years【解析】根据汉语提示可知此处缺少主句“他已经红了 80多年”, 主语“他”指的是“TintirT,故译为“TintirT,谓语局部“红了”即“受欢迎”,译为“be popular”,因为后面是“since” 引导的时间状语从句,因此主句需用现在完成时,谓语局部应译为“has been popular",时间状语“80多年” 译为“over eighty years”。故填 Tintin has been popular for over eighty yearso53. looks back【解析】回顾:look backo根据“always”可知,句子时态为一般现在时,主语His grandpa是第 三人称单数,故动词用其第三人单数形式。故填looks back。54. has put on#has already put on【解析】put on“增加体重”,根据句意可知,时态是现在完成时,already”已 经“可加可不加,应选has (already) put on。55. been in【解析】此句是现在完成时,表示“在某地待一段时间“可以用短语have been in,故填been; in。56. set out【解析】根据语境可知,这是表达的一个事实,时态为一般现在时,setout“启程",因主语 是we,动词应用原形,即set out。故填set; out。57. brought out【解析】根据汉语意思可知,空处缺少“展示出”的英文表达,bring out”展示出”,动词短语, 根据句意可知,北京冬奥会已经结束,故句子时态应用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填brought out。58. am proud【解析】根据语境可知,此句描述的是一般事实,故用一般现在时,短语be proud of表示“为 感到骄傲"。主语为I,故be动词用am。故填am proud。59. provide【解析】根据中英文对照可知空处应填“提供"。provide“提供”,动词,此处是provide sth for sb”为 某人提供某物”,空前有will,动词用原形,故填provide。66. made up【解析】对照中英文可知,空处缺少 的是“编了”的英文,用动词短语make up表示。根据told可知,时态是一般过去时,空处用动词过去式。故 填 made up。67. is used【解析】固定短语be used to doing sth"习惯做某事”,主语是第三人称单数,be动词用is, 故填 is; usedohave taken place【解析】根据"in the past few years”可知,时态为现在完成时,great changes为主语,故 助动词用have, take place”发生",其过去分词形式为“taken place”。故填have taken placeo68. look up to【解析】由英汉对照可知,空格处填“钦佩”,lookup to"钦佩,仰慕”,固定词组。此句应用一般现在时,表达是事实,主语“we”是复数,动词应用原形。故填look up to。The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起。过去进行时was/were doing1 .表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作(这一过去时间须用时间状语表示)He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.2 .表示动作在另一过去动作发生时进行They were still working whe