最新2019小升初英语专题讲解七 冠词.doc

第八讲第八讲 冠词冠词1、词汇play /plei/ v.参加(比赛或运动)；玩耍guitar n.吉他 chess n.国际象棋 piano n.钢琴 drum n.喇叭 violin n.小提琴baseball /'beisb:l/ n.棒球tennis /'tenis/ n.网球ping-pong 乒乓球soccer /'sk/ n.(英式)足球volleyball /'vlib:l/ n.排球basketball /'b:skitb:l/ n.篮球middle /'midl/ adj.中间的 n.中间school /sku:l/ n.学校south n. 南； 南方north n. 北； 北方 east n.东方 west n.西方month /mn/ n.月；月份January /'dænjuri/ n.一月February /'februri/ n.二月March /m:t/ n.三月April /'eiprl/ n.四月May /mei/ n.五月June /du:n/ n.六月July /du:'lai/ n.七月August /:'gst/ n.八月September /sep'temb/ n.九月October /k'tub/ n.十月November /nu'vemb/ n.十一月December /di'semb/ n.十二月Sunday /'sndi/ n.星期日Monday /'mndi/ n.星期一Tuesday n.星期二Wednesday /'wenzdi/ n.星期三Thursday /':zdi/ n.星期四Friday /'fraidi/ n.星期五Saturday /'sætdi/ n.星期六Tuesday /'tju:zdi/ n.星期二sun n.太阳 moon n.月亮 earth n.地球subject /'sbdikt, sb'dekt/ n.学科；科目science /'sains/ n.科学music /'mju:zik/ n.音乐；乐曲math /mæ/ n.数学Chinese /'tai'ni:z/ n.语文；汉语 adj.中国的geography /di'grfi/ n.地理(学)history /'histri/ n.历史Japanese 日语French 法语English 英语Russian 俄语German 德语Spanish 西班牙语Korean 韩语Indian 印度语dinner /'din/ n.正餐breakfast /'brekfst/ n.早餐；早饭lunch /lnt/ n.午餐super n.晚餐work n.淋浴器（间） speak v.说；说话 tell v. n 讲述；告诉story n 故事；小说 talk v. n 说话；谈话 二、知识讲解冠词定义：不能独立使用，通常放在名词的前面分为：不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词。1、不定冠词：a、an。用在单数名词前，表示“一个，一件” 。a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；an 用在以元音音素开头的单词前。注：这里的元音音素和辅音音素是指读音，而不是指字母。元音音素: /i:/ / /e/ /æ/ /:/ / /:/ / /u:/ / /:/ / /e/ /a/ / / /e/ / / /a/ a pen /pen/ 一支钢笔 (/p/为辅音音素)an orange / rind / 一个桔子 (/ /为元音音素)Practice判断下列名词前用 a 还是 an._ HB _English _map _cup _ruler _pen _jacket_key_UFO_eraser _hour _ honest boy There is _ “U” in the word “university”.There is _ “b”, _ “o” and _ “x” in the word “box”.There is _ “n” on his paper. _ “c” is in “cat.” _“s” is in “sat.” Is this _ apple? -No, its _ egg. -Is that _ pencil? -No, its _ eraser. Thats _ English car. -Whats that in English? -Its _ car. I am _ teacher. This is _ old desk.用法：（1）用在单数可数名词前，表示一个。One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy.There is an apple on the table.（2）用在单数可数名词前，表示职业、身份。She is a teacher.（3）固定搭配have a cold/headache/stomachache/toothache/sore throat/feverhave a rest take a shower=have a showerhave a walk=take a walk=go for a walk have a rest half an hour2、定冠词：the用在单数或者复数名词前。the 没有具体意思，有时翻译为这、那、这些、那些。基本用法：（1）用来表示特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。The map on the wall is new.（2）表示说话者双方都知道的人或事物。 Look at the boy, please.（3）表示再次提到前面谈过的人或事物。 This is a stamp. The stamp is beautiful.（4）用在表示世界上独一无二的事物前。the sun 太阳 the moon 月亮 the earth 地球 the Great Wall 长城 the Changjiang River 长江（5）用在姓氏的复数前表示一家人。The Greens（7）用于乐器前 play the guitar/piano/violin/drums（8）用于固定词组in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, on the left/on the right, in the middle of., in the southin the west in the east in the north 3、零冠词1) 表示人名、地名、国家名的名词前 China Bill Beijing2) 节假日、月份、星期、四季前不加冠词，但中国传统节日前一般要加 the.Womens Day Mothers Day ChristmasEaster Tree Planting Day Fathers Dayin spring/summer/autumn/winter 3) 复数名词表示一类人或者事物时不用冠词。I like apples. Roses are my favourite flowers.4) 表示三餐、球类、棋类的名词前不用冠词。She never has breakfast.play ping-pong play basketball play volleyball play tennis play soccer/football play baseball play chess 5) 表示学科、语言的名词前不用冠词。Lily can speak Chinese.6) 固定词组 at home at last on time on foot at school at first 真题演练I.选择填空。1I have_pear; she has_orange. A.a:a B.a;an C.an;a D. an; an2Sam likes playing_basketball. A.a Bthe C3Lucy's sister is_English teacher. A the Ba C D. an4I often play_violin, but I don't like playing _ basketball.A.; B.the; the C.the;5.-Would you like _ green dress, Lucy? -Sorry, mum. I prefer _ orange one.A. an; an B.a;a C.an;a D.a;an6This is _ English book.Aa Ban Cthe7Our classroom is on_second floor. A. the B.a C8Do you have_alarm clock? A.a Ban Cthe D.9-Is it_ruler?-No. It is_eraser. A.; an B.a; an C.the; the10. There is _ 'b, _ o and _ 'x' in the word “box“. A.a;an;a B.a;an; an C.a;a;a D.an, an, an11. I'm _ doctor. My cousin is _ actor. A.the; the B.an; the C.a;an D.an; a12. Mike is not at _ school. A.a B an Cthe D13. -What's this?-It's_English book. Aa Ban Cthe14.Tony has_e-dog and its name is Hobo. A.a Ban Cthe D.15. There is_apple tree in my garden. It's over 10 years old. Athe Ba Can D.16. Where is _ football? He wants to play_football with his friends.A.; B.the; the C./; the D. the;17. There is_orange and_banana on _ plate. A.a; an; a B.a; a; an C.an; a; the18. -We have three meals_day. We have _ breakfast at seven. A.a; the B.a; / C.the; the D. the;a19. -What's this in English?-It's_ruler. Aa Bthe C. Dan20. The word “hand“ has _ “h“ in itA.a Ban Cthe D.21. There is _ interesting story in_ book. A.a; an B. a;a C.the; the D, an; the22. There is_ “u“ in the word “use“. Aa Bthe Can D.23.Kris buys_book. _ book is very interesting.A. an; The B.a; The C.a; A D.the; The24.Look! There is _ orange tree behind the house. A.a B.an C.the25.-Do you know _ girl in red? -Yes, she's my cousin. She is_middle school student.A.a;a B. the;a C.a;the D.the; the26. Lucy's sister is _ English teacher. Athe Ba C Dan